滇池水环境治理的“调水”“活水”工程

3.40MaB P，沿普渡河断裂发育的普渡河和沿小江断裂发育的小江均汇入到昆明盆地，形成滇池，并产生厚达千米的堆积物。早更新世晚期，金沙江贯通，导致普渡河和小江均倒流汇入金沙江，从而滇池处在金沙江、珠江和红河三大水系的风口的位置，滇池的补给系数变小，换水周期增长。近几十年来，污染物的输入和积累，导致滇池水质急剧下降。因此滇池水环境的整治，除了减少污染物的输入外，建议在禄劝县引掌鸠河的水入螳螂川，并流入滇池。滇池的集水面积增加到16 066 km2，滇池的入湖地表径流量就增加到26.64×108 m3，换水周期减少到197.2 d。与此同时使滇池在昆明向北流出，污染物不再扩散到整个湖泊，这样便可较好地解决滇池污染，整治滇池的水环境。

A CIRCULATING WATER PROJECT FOR WATER ENVIRONMENT TREATMENT IN DIANCHI LAKE

The Pudu River developed with the Pudu Fault and the Xiaojiang River with Xiaojiang Fault flowed into the Kunming Basin, then formed the Dianchi Lake on 3.40 MaB P. The Jinsha River linked in the late of Pleistocene, so the Pudu River and the Xiaojiang River flowed backwards to the Jinsha River, then the Dianchi Lake became the wind gap of the three water systems of the Jinsha river, the Zhujiang River and the Honghe River, and formed the hydrographic feature of the Dianchi Lake, such as a small replenishment coefficient and a long exchange water cycle. Because a great deal of pollutants were inputted into the Dianchi Lake and accumulated, the water quality in the lake declined rapidly. In order to treat the water environment in the Dianchi Lake, we suggest that the water in the Zhangjiu River should be diverted into the Tanglangchuan River at Luquan county, then the Zhangjiu River and the Tanglangchuan River would flow into the Dianchi Lake, so the area of gathering water for the Dianchi Lake will add up to 16 066 km2, and the annual surface runoff will add up to 26.64×108 m3, the exchange water cycle will reduce to 197.2 d. While we also advise to change the outlet of the Dianchi Lake by digging up a new canal at Kunming, and the pollutant will not diffuse all into the Dianchi Lake. The pollution in the Dianchi Lake will be controlled.