秦岭山地生物多样性保护红线划分研究

生物多样性保护是划定并严守生态保护红线的重要内容,如何准确识别生物多样性维护功能极重要区是科学划定生物多样性保护红线的关键。基于秦岭山区物种丰富度的海拔梯度格局,通过对生物多样性维护功能重要性评估模型的改进优化和校验,最终形成秦岭地区科学的生物多样性保护红线方案。结果表明:(1)修正后的NPP定量指标评估法,提高了陕西秦岭地区生物多样性重要区域识别的准确性,可适用于我国中东部物种丰富度随海拔梯度呈中峰型或单调递增型的山区;(2)秦岭生物多样性保护红线区的总面积达24 688.33 km~2,占到秦岭山区总面积的39.11%,空间分布整体上呈现出西部集中、东部分散,南坡多、北坡少的空间分布特征;(3)森林生态系统是秦岭生物多样性保护红线区的重要支撑系统,面积占比高达96.12%。本研究提出的修正方法和研究结果,不仅提高了区域生物多样性维护功能重要区识别的准确性,而且为其他地区生物多样性保护红线的科学划定和边界优化提供了参考。

Research on Delineation of Ecological Protection Red Line for Biodiversity Conservation in Qinling Mountains

Abstract：Biodiversity conservation is an essential part of delimitation and strictly execution of ecological protection red line. How to accurately identify the most important areas for biodiversity conservation is the key to delineate the red line for biodiversity protection scientifically. In this study, Qinling Mountains was selected as a case study example. According to the special richness patterns along the elevational gradient in Qinling Mountains, with the recognition results of the most important areas for biodiversity conservation in nature reserves, a scientific and reasonable biodiversity protection red line management plan in this area was put forward. The conclusion can be drawn as follows: first, it shows that revised NPP method improves the accuracy of identification of important areas of biodiversity conservation function, which can be applied to mountainous areas where species richness changes as medium peak type or monotonic incremental type with the elevational gradient in eastern-central China. Second, the red line area of ecological protection in Qinling Mountains is 24 688.33 km², accounting for 39.11% of the total area of Qinling mountainous area. Spatially, it can infer that the red line areas are concentrated in western Qinling Mountains, scattered among the eastern Qinling Mountains, and appears on a diminishing scale from south to the north; Third, forest ecosystem is an significant supporting system for the red line of biodiversity conservation in Qinling Mountains, accounting for 96.12% of the total area. In this study, the amendment of the delimitation method is reasonable and feasible, which improves the accuracy of identification of important areas of biodiversity conservation function. At the same time, the research results can be taken as an important reference to the Boundary optimization and Implementation of the red line for biodiversity protection.