中国各省区资源优势与经济优势比较研究

分析了中国31个省、直辖市、自治区包括水资源、耕地资源、森林资源、气候资源、能源资源和矿产资源在内的基础资源优势度。对非物质性的气候资源采用气候资源综合指数法予以评价。将绝对丰度和相对丰度进行线性加权以比较基础资源优势度。中国资源优势差异明显。云南、内蒙古、四川、新疆、黑龙江、贵州等省份资源优势明显，由于资源组合状况良好，云南省资源优势最明显。上海、天津、北京、江苏、海南、浙江等省市资源优势不明显，其中上海市最弱。对资源优势与经济优势进行了对比研究。经济优势较明显的省份资源优势往往并不好，而资源优势较明显的省份经济优势却很微弱。经济发展重心与资源赋存重心显著错位。经济优势不仅受资源分布的限制，同时还受到劳动力、资金、技术和市场等条件的影响。资源价值补偿机制不健全等也是造成这种错位的原因之一。最后提出资源丰富地区如何发挥资源优势，而经济较发达地区如何降低或解除资源约束的相关建议。

ON THE CONTRAST BETWEEN RESOURCE DOMINANCE ANDECONOMY DOMINANCE AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL OF CHINA

The dominance of basic resourse in the 31 provinces of China,including water resourses,cultivated land resourses,forest resourses〖JP〗,climate resourses,energy resourses and mineral resources,was analyzed.Yunan,Neimenggu,Sichuan,Xinjiang,Heilongjiang,and Guizhou provinces in China are the most dominant in their basic resources,while Shanghai,Tianjin,Beijing,Jiangsu,Hainan,and Zhejiang are the most inferior in their basic resources.The contrast between resource dominance and economy dominance has been studied.The provinces with dominant economy are usually resource inferior.The provinces with dominant resources are usually economy interior.Economic center and resource center are just in different regions in China.The economy dominance depends on not only natural resourses,but also human resources,capital,technology,market,and so on.The mechanism of resouse value compensation is not perfect. At last,some suggestions about how to exploit the particular advantages of resources,and to reduce resource constraint in different regions were provided.