苏州市经济持续发展过程中的资源与环境问题透析

苏州市位于长江三角洲经济区的核心部位 ,1980年代和 1990年代 ,依靠乡镇企业和开发区建设 ,经济迅速发展。但这种高投入的增长也使苏州市新世纪的持续发展面临着资源与环境的双重压力 ,尤其是地表水水质下降、地下水过度开采、湖泊富营养化以及耕地数量锐减、质量下降等一系列问题 ,直接导致苏州市水质型缺水和土地资源危机。在分析这些问题的基础上 ,从乡镇工业发展、城市化、化肥农药使用以及科技能力等方面阐述了资源与环境危机产生的原因 ,并有针对性地提出了 (1)树立可持续发展观 ;(2 )科学编制环境保护和资源高效利用总体规划 ;(3)优化产业结构 ,建立资源利用和环境逐步改善的良性循环机制 ;(4)提高土地利用效率和生活污染治理能力 ;(5)加快农业科技进步步伐等若干对策和建议。

PERSPECTIVE OF RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE PROCESS OF ECONOMICAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SUZHOU

Depending on township enterprise and construction in development zone in 1980's and 1990's, Suzhou developed rapidly in Changjiang River Delta. But it faces the twofold oppression of resources and environment with high input in the process of sustainable development, especially degradation of surface water, overexploitation of underground water, eutrophication of lake, decrease of quantity and quality of cultivated land, resulting in the shortage of Suzhou's high class water and land resources. By analying these problems, this paper probes into the reasons from the development of township enterprise, urbanization, the application of chemical fertilizer and pesticide and the level of science and technique. Some countermeasures were then proposed:(1) establishing sustainable development ideal; (2) scientific drawing up overall plan to protect environment and effective use of resources; (3) optimizing the industry structure; (4)raising the efficiency of land use and the ability of controlling living pollution; (5) accelerating the development of agricultural science and technique.