阿斯旺高坝的生态环境问题

:通过对阿斯旺高坝和尼罗河的实际考察和生态环境监测数据的分析 ,介绍了埃及政府相关管理部门的官员和专家对阿斯旺工程的看法 ,对阿斯旺高坝及其生态环境问题进行了评述。认为阿斯旺工程是一个成功的工程 ,它对埃及发挥的巨大影响和积极作用是有目共睹的。它对生态环境的不利影响 ,确被很多批评者盲目地夸大了 ,其中也包含有政治因素。中国在修建水利工程时 ,要对环境的影响作出客观、科学的评价 ,并采取措施把不利影响减少到最小。阿斯旺高坝运行近 30年 ,在生态环境监测方面积累了丰富的数据 ,这些成果和结论对三峡工程具有直接的借鉴和参考价值。

ON THE ECOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF ASWAN HIGH DAM

By field investigations in the Aswan High Dam and with the Nile River with the analysis of the environmental data,this paper introduced the opinions of relevant Egyptian officials and experts,then reviewed the Aswan High Dam Project and its environmental impacts.The author considered the Aswan High Dam project as a successful project which has played an important and positive role in Egypt.Its negative ecological and environmental impacts have been exaggerated by many international critics,some of which may have political backgrounds.Considering the experiences of Aswan High Dam Project,when a dam being planned,China must carry out environmental impact statement scientifically and objectively and then takes countermeasures to alleviate possibly the negative impacts.The Aswan High Dam has operated smoothly nearly 30 years and accumulated a great quantity of monitoring data in ecological and environmental aspects.The findings of monitoring data could be used for the reference in ecological and environmental protections of the Three Gorges Project in China.