上海城郊土壤重金属含量的空间变异与分布特征

为揭示城市化、工业化等人为活动对土壤环境质量的影响，选择上海城郊结合部为研究区域，采用地统计学方法对表层土壤样品Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Mn 5种重金属的空间变异结构和分布特征进行了分析。结果表明：土壤Cu、Cr、Mn、Pb、Zn均属中等变异，土壤Mn含量服从正态分布，土壤Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn含量服从对数正态分布；半方差函数模型拟合结果显示土壤Mn符合指数模型，土壤Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn符合线性模型、其中土壤Cu、Pb、Zn为纯块金效应模型，反映了城郊结合部土壤污染空间变异的复杂性。通过泛克里格插值可直观反应表层土壤重金属含量空间分布特征，发现土壤Cr、Mn呈岛状，土壤Cu、Pb、Zn呈多岛状分布的特点，工业和交通污染源是影响土壤重金属空间分布的重要因素

SPATIAL VARIABILITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF SOIL HEAVY METALS CONTENT IN SUBURBS OF SHANGHAI——A CASE STUDY OF MINHANG IN SHANGHAI CITY

Soil heavy metals concentrations in suburbs of Shanghai were analyzed to indicate the effect of urbanization and industrialization on soil environment quality.A geostatistics method was used to analyze the spatial variation structure and distributions of 5 heavy metals(Cu,Cr,Mn,Pb and Zn) in the top soil.The results showed that Cu,Cr,Mn,Pb and Zn were medium in variability,Mn was distributed normally,While Cu,Cr,Pb and Zn were distributed lognormally.The results of semivariance analysis showed that Mn was fit for exponential model,Cr,Pb,Cu and Zn were fit for the linear model,Pb,Cu and Zn were especially fit for the pure nugget model.The complexity of soil pollution spatial distribution was indicated.The spatial distribution maps of heavy metal content of the topsoil in suburbs were produced by means of the universal kriging interpolation.Cr and Mn were distributed in island,Pb,Cu and Zn were distributed in multi-island.The source of industry and traffic pollution were the important factors to affect the spatial distribution of soil heavy metals.