生态岛建设过程中环境类指标构建研究——以崇明岛为例

提出了将压力 状态 响应（PSR）模型与系统分析法理论集成起来构建生态岛建设过程中环境类指标的方法和步骤。指标构建过程分为4个步骤：（1）首先利用已有生态区域（岛）相关环境类指标确定备选指标集；（2）利用PSR模型对指标逻辑关系进行分析筛选；（3）以2010年为近期目标年，利用系统分析法确定指标核心要素，得到二次筛选指标；（4）以2030年为远期目标年，以综合性和动态性为依据确定最终指标。以上海市崇明岛为例，确定水、气、土为核心考核要素，构建了基于崇明生态岛建设过程的近期及远期目标的环境类考核指标体系。指标评价结果表明，崇明生态岛建设过程中环境类综合指数为72，其中环境压力指数、环境质量指数、环境保护指数分别为85、80和51，与崇明岛实际较为吻合。部分研究结果已在崇明岛生态建设过程中得到实际应用。

ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR SYSTEM FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ECO-ISLAND——A CASE STUDY OF CHONGMING ISLAND

This paper proposed the principles and procedures to establish the environmental indicator system for the construction of an ecological island by combining Pressure State Response (PSR) model and System Analysis theory.There were 4 steps during the establishment of this indicator system：(1) Constructing a preliminary indicator system by literature review on related environmental systems of ecological areas (islands)；(2) First screening the indicators according to their logical relationships by PSR model；(3) Aimed at 2010 (short term target)，determining the core environmental impact factors by system analysis and second screening the indicators；(4) Aimed at 2030 (long term target)，final screening indicators in order to establish a comprehensive and flexible environmental indicator system.These procedures have been applied in the case study of Chongming Island.The core environmental indicators are focused on water，air，and land three elements.The evaluation result of this indicator system reflects the overall environmental condition of Chongming is 72.Meanwhile the score of environmental pressure is 85，environmental quality is 80 and environmental protection is 51，which is compatible with reality of Chongming.Part of the research has already been applied in the construction of Chongming Island.