欧盟跨界流域管理对我国水环境管理的借鉴意义

欧洲联盟在跨界流域管理方面取得了显著的成果，积累了丰富的经验，这对我国的水环境管理，尤其是跨界流域管理工作具有重要的借鉴意义。首先从立法保障、管理机构、运行机制、资金保障和公众参与等5个方面分析了欧盟跨界流域管理的经验和做法；并对我国水环境跨界管理现状进行了解析。在上述基础上，针对我国的水环境管理工作提出了3方面的建议，即：完善法律法规，明确各级政府对流域跨界断面的监管职责，充分利用市场机制，形成保护合力；制定流域综合管理规划，协调专项规划，确保跨界断面水生态保护目标的实现；鼓励公众参与，全方位促进和改善跨界流域管理工作。

EUROPEAN UNION TRANS-BOUNDARY RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT AND ITS REFERENCE VALUE FOR THE WATER ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN CHINA

The European Union has gained remarkable achievements and experiences in the management of trans-boundary river basins.These achievements and experiences could be used as references for the water environment management in China,especially for the management of trans-boundary river basins.The trans-boundary,i.e.international river basin management in European Union,was analyzed from the aspects of legislation,implementation organization and its functions,working mechanisms,financial support and public participation.The situation of the trans-boundary river basin management in China was also analyzed.On the basis of above analyses,three advices were put forward for the water environment management in China: through the improvement of legislation system,to emphasize clearly the governmental responsibility of supervision and management at different levels,to make full use of the market mechanism,thus to protect the basin coordinately;to compile the comprehensive management plan for trans-boundary river basins,and to protect the water ecological environment;to encourage the public participation,to improve and accelerate the trans-boundary river basin management.