庐山不同森林植被类型土壤特性及其健康评价

土壤作为森林生态系统的一个重要因子,评价森林土壤健康状况对森林健康的维护经营以及森林系统功能的发挥具有重要意义。在系统调查和分析庐山8种森林植被类型土壤特性的基础上,评价指标分别从物种多样性以及不同的森林土壤特性中进行筛选,包括物种多样性系数、枯落物层厚度、腐殖质层厚度、土层厚度、容重、粘粒含量、有机质、p H值、阳离子交换量、全氮、水解氮、有效磷、速效钾、磷酸酶活性等指标,基于SPSS19.0软件对所获得数据进行差异性检验和相关分析,确定各项指标的权重,应用合适的土壤健康评分函数,将测得的指标值转换为对应指标的分值,最后通过加权综合法,计算其土壤健康指数,并对不同森林植被类型土壤健康状况进行评价。结果表明,8种森林植被类型下最终的土壤健康指数大小排序为:针阔混交林(0.78)常-落混交林(0.72)灌丛(0.69)常绿阔叶林(0.67)落叶阔叶林(0.64)竹林(0.59)马尾松林(0.53)黄山松林(0.46)。

SOIL CHARACTERISTICS AND HEALTH ASSESSMENT FOR DIFFERENT FOREST VEGETATION IN LUSHAN

The health assessment of soil, which is an important factor of forest ecosystem, is of great significance for maintaining soil health and forest ecosystem functions. On the basis of systematic investigation and analysis of soil characteristics for 8 types of forest vegetation, the assessment criteria were selected, ranging from species diversity and various soil properties, including coefficient of species diversity, litter layer thickness, soil humus layer thickness, soil thickness, soil bulk density, clay content, organic matter, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total nitrogen, hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and phosphatase activity. The difference tests and correlation analysis of various criteria data were conducted with the SPSS software (version 19.0), and the weight of each index were determined by proper scoring function equations. Then, the soil health index was calculated through weighted synthesis, and soil health was assessed for 8 type forest vegetation. The results show that the order of health indices for various forest soils is:mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest (0.78) > evergreen and deciduous mixed forest (0.72) > shrub (0.69) > evergreen broad-leaved forest (0.67) > deciduous broadleaved forest (0.64) > bamboo forest (0.59) > Pinus massoniana forest (0.53) > Pinus taiwanensis forest (0.46).