围填海对南通淤泥质海岸资源影响的综合评价研究

在系统分析淤泥质海岸围填海开发活动对海岸带资源影响的基础上,重点考虑岸滩冲淤变化特性、岸滩资源利用现状、利用潜力以及泥沙淤积对港口航道造成的资源损失,通过成本型、效益型两大类共16个指标,构建了适合淤泥质海岸资源状况评价的压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型,实现了围填海开发活动对海岸带资源影响的综合评估。利用该模型计算了江苏省南通市沿海的围填海活动对海岸带资源影响的评价系数,计算结果为0.596,表明南通当前的围填海开发活动已经对当地的海岸带资源造成了较大影响,在今后的沿海开发过程中,需要注重海岸带资源的节约与保护。

COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT ON COASTAL ZONE RESOURCES CAUSED BY RECLAMATION IN NANTONG MUDDY COAST

The intensity of reclamation is gradually increasing in recent years. Extensive attention was given, because of the impact on the coastal zone resources caused by reclamation. On the basic of taking a full consideration of the muddy coast's features——silting-up and erosion, the pressure-state-response model was built; then we established a comprehensive evaluation system, which is suitable for silty mud plain coast, to evaluate the impact on coastal zone resources caused by reclamation. The pressure index includes three parts:financial loss, resources destruction, and ecological damage. The state index contains used and unused situation of coastal zone resources. The response index is about the funding which is used to develop the coastal zone resources, and safeguard procedures. In the index system, different types of coast were considered when choosing the state index; the resources loss of port channel caused by sediment silting-up was also taken into consideration. According to the principle of evaluation index, 16 indices were selected in total. The indices were standardized in order to make them comparable; then all the indices were divided into two categories:efficiency and cost; the weight of indexes were calculated at last. The impact on coastal zone resources caused by reclamation in Nantong Laobagang to Dongzaogang coast was evaluated using the evaluation system. The final value was 0.596. This means the present reclamation in Laobagang to Dongzaogang coast have a certain effects on local coastal zone resources. In future development, we need to pay attention to the saving and protection of coastal zone resources.