湖泊型水源地管理研究——以苏州市太湖水源地为例

饮用水安全是最大的民生工程，也是自然资源管理研究的热点。基于实地调研、部门访谈和制度条文的梳理与分析，以苏州市太湖水源地为例研究湖泊型水源地管理体制。研究表明：我国水源地管理由国家、省、市、县的法律法规、规章和规范性文件构成相对完善的制度体系，具有水资源和水环境分割管理、流域管理和行政区管理交错的制度特征，初步具备了综合管理的架构；水源保护缺乏流域管治的思维，农村面源污染治理制度支撑不足；在管理手段上以命令控制型手段为主，经济激励与公众参与不足。建立水源地综合管理协调机制，完善经济激励手段，推进公众参与，实施水源地管理共同责任机制将有利于提高水源地管理效率

STUDY ON DRINKING WATER SOURCES MANAGEMENT OF LAKES ——A CASE STUDY OF TAI LAKE IN SUZHOU

The security of drinking water is the biggest livelihood project in China.And it has been the hot research topic in resources management.Based on the fieldwork,department interviews and provisions analysis,we study the drinking water sources management of Tai Lake in Suzhou.The results show that the drinking water sources management in China has institutional characteristics of division management of water resources and water environment,overlapped management of basin and administrative region,which qualified preliminary framework for integrated management.Besides,the thought of basin governance for the protection of water resources is deficient,and the control of agricultural non-point pollution system has poor institutional support.Furthermore,the management tools rely mainly on command-control methods with insufficient economic incentive and public participation.As a result,we suggest that it can improve the management efficiency to establish the coordination mechanism,perfect the economic incentive ways,promote public participation and implement the common responsibility mechanism.