鄱阳湖枯水期水体营养浓度及重金属含量分布研究

通过监测鄱阳湖枯水期的主湖区、五河入湖口以及碟形湖表层水体氮、磷等营养浓度以及重金属含量变化，对鄱阳湖全湖的营养状况以及重金属污染现状进行了系统分析。结果表明：2010年枯水期的鄱阳湖流域表层水体总氮、总磷、化学需氧量等含量较高，达富营养化水平，湖泊水质受总氮、氨态氮、总磷和pH的影响较大。且鄱阳湖水域的氮、磷等营养存在明显的空间差异。研究结果进一步显示，饶河入湖口水体N、P污染最严重（TN 314 mg/L；TP 025 mg/L），修河入湖口污染程度次之（TN 134 mg/L；TP 009 mg/L），而南矶山碟形湖水体污染最小（TN 049 mg/L；TP 005 mg/L）。鄱阳湖表层水体重金属Pb、Cd的含量较低，符合国家渔业水质标准要求，尤其是湖泊Cd含量低于地表水Ｉ类标准。但鄱阳湖流域Cu、Zn污染较严重

CONTENTS OF NUTRIENTS AND HEAVY METALS IN THE POYANG LAKE DURING DRY SEASON

Based on the measurement of nutrients (total nitrogen and phosphorus ect.) and heavy metals (Cu,Pb,Cd and Zn) concentrations in the Poyang Lake,the main river and the Nanjishan Lake,the nutrient status and metal pollution in the Poyang Lake basin were systematically analyzed.The results demonstrated that the content of TN,TP and COD in the surface water of the Poyang Lake basin in October 2010 were relatively high,while the lake had subjected to eutrophication status and the water quality was greatly affected by TN,NH+4 N,TP and pH.There were significant spatial differences in nutrient contents.Results further showed that the highest nutrient concentration was in the Rao River and the next was in the Xiu River,while the lowest was in the Nanjishan.The contents of Pb,Cd in the surface water of the Poyang Lake basin were low,which met to the water quality standard for fishery in China,especially the content of Cd was lower than the first evaluation criterion of surface water.However,the Cu and Zn concentration in the Poyang Lake basin were relatively great