长江经济带经济与环境协调发展的时空格局及问题区域识别

长江经济带是当前中国经济发展与环境保护矛盾最为尖锐的地区之一，实现区域经济与环境系统间的动态协调，是该区域未来可持续发展过程中亟需解决的关键问题。分别构建经济“规模-结构-效率”以及环境“压力-状态-响应”的分析框架，采用熵值法、GIS、耦合协调度评价模型等方法系统考察2007~2016年长江经济带经济与环境动态协调发展的时空格局，并对协调发展的问题区域进行分类和识别。结果表明：(1)2007~2016年长江经济带经济水平几乎实现了翻倍增长，验证了将其作为中国经济发展主支撑带的合理性。同时，经济水平“东高西低”的格局稳固且路径依赖特性明显。(2)2007~2016年长江经济带环境水平及其提升速率仍相对较低，验证了长江环境保护的重要性。同时，环境水平在空间分布上未呈现明显的规律而是具有“随机”性特征。(3)2007~2016年长江经济带经济与环境间的协调发展程度呈稳步上升态势，协调发展指数由0.446 8上升至0.602 3，由濒临失调阶段进入初级协调阶段，并在空间上呈现出东部地区>中部地区>西部地区的整体格局。(4）基于经济、环境、耦合协调度3类数据间的组合情况，将协调发展问题区域划分为6种基本类型并进行识别，发现各研究年份均有超过30个问题区域，并且与经济滞后相关的问题区域数量占据绝对比重。

The Spatial-temporal Pattern of the Coordinated Development between Economy and Environment in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and Problem Areas Identification

The Yangtze River Economic Belt is one of the most conflicted areas in China when it comes to economic development and environmental protection. It’s the key problem to be solved that realizing the dynamic coordination between regional economy and environmental system in the process of sustainable development of the region in the future.The analytical frameworks that “scale-structure-efficiency” for economy and “pressure-state-response” for environment are constructed respectively. The spatial and temporal patterns of the coordination between economy and environment in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2007 to 2016 are systematically investigated by entropy method, GIS and coupling coordination degree evaluation model. And the problem areas of coordinated development are also classified and identified. The results show that: （1)The economic level of the Yangtze River Economic Belt almost doubled from 2007 to 2016, which demonstrates the rationality of its position of the main support belt for China’s economic development. At the same time, the pattern of economic level that “high in the east and low in the west” is stable and its path-dependence are obvious. (2）From 2007 to 2016, the environmental level of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and its rate of improvement are still relatively low, which proves the importance of environmental protection in the Yangtze river. Meanwhile, the environmental level show more of “random” characteristics than obvious law in spatial distribution.(3）There is a steady rise of the coordinated development degree between economy and environment in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2007 to 2016.Its coordinated index increased from 0.446 8 to 0.602 3, which means it entered the primary coordination stage from the stage of near imbalance. The index presented the overall pattern in space that a descending order of the eastern region、the central region and western region. (4）Based on the combinations among three kinds of data of economic, environmental and coupling degree, the problem areas of coordination development are divided into six basic types to identify. It is found that there are more than 30 problem areas in each research year, in which related to lagging economic occupies an absolute proportion.