长江三角洲与珠江三角洲经济发展特征比较

长江三角洲和江三角洲同处中国东南沿海经济发达地区，对21世纪中国经济全面走向世界具有举足轻重的作用。从历史过程看，这两个地区都是秦岭淮河以南开发历史较早地区，鸦片战争后长江三角洲逐渐崛起，而珠江三角洲一度衰落。中华人民共和国成立后，由于长期实行高度集中的计划经济体制，这两个三角洲地区发展不快。改革开放以来，这两个地区经济发展异军突起，成为中国经济增长最快和最活跃的地区。特别是上海浦东开发区建设和港澳回归对两个三角洲经济发展产生深远影响。从未来趋势看，面临着中国加入WTO和知识经济的严峻挑战，这两大三角洲地区优势互补，将共同成为21世纪推动中国经济发展的两大发动机。通过从经济发展的历史过程、现状特点和未来趋势三方面对这两大三角洲地区的经济发展特征进行比较分析，探讨影响其经济成长的主要因素，对比两地区的经济发展水平、产业结构与空间布局，提出未来经济发展中既竞争又合作的可能性。

COMPARISONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMY BETWEEN THE CHANGJIANG AND ZHUJIANG DELTAS

The Changjiang and Zhujiang deltas, the two developed regions onthe southeast coast of China, play an important role in the development of Chinese economy in the 21 century. They both have a long history of economical development. The economy in Changjiang began to grow at the end of the Opium War, while in the Zhujiang it declined since for a certain period of time. After the foundation of the People' s Republic of China, the two deltas had developed at a low speed for 30 years, due to the planned economy system which was characterized with a high degree of centrality. Since the reforming and opening, the two regions have developed very rapidly and grown very actively in economy. In addition, the development in Pudong and the return of Macao and Hongkong have further increased the development in the economy of the two deltas. As indicated by the trend of the economy, the two deltas will be complementary for each other while facing the challenge of China's joining into WTO and of the knowledge economy. The history, current status and the perspectives of the economy in these two regions were compared, with major factors controlling their development discussed. After comparing their economical status and industrial structure, it is proposed that complementary cooperation between the two deltas should be considered.