基于遥感数据的PM2.5与城市化的时空关系研究——以成渝城市群为例

采用1998~2013年卫星遥感影像反演的PM2.5全球高精度产品数据集，结合GIS空间分析、地理加权回归（GWR）以及地理探测器等方法，系统地分析了成渝城市群城市化与PM2.5分布之间的关系。结果表明：（1）1998~2013年成渝城市群城市化速度较快，城市区域的PM2.5均值明显高于非城市区域，说明城市化对PM2.5具有一定的影响；（2）近16 a PM2.5重心与城市重心整体上都向东南方向移动，且两者每年在经度上的波动方向基本相反；（3）夜间灯光数据与PM2.5在空间分布上具有较好的一致性，且1998~2013年两者的GWR全局R2在0.86~0.95之间，相关性显著，研究区内城市化和人类活动对PM2.5的分布具有明显影响；（4）地理探测分析表明不同城市化因子对PM2.5影响差异显著，从2006到2013年城区人口密度和建成区绿化覆盖率逐渐成为成渝城市群PM2.5分布的主要影响因子。

Study on Spatio Temporal Relationship Between PM2.5 and Urbanization Based on Remote Sensing Data——A Case Study of Chengdu Chongqing Urban Agglomeration

Using PM2.5 data from 1998 to 2013 that is inversed from satellite remote sensing images, and employing the methods in geo spatial analysis, geographical weighted regression(GWR) and geographic detectors, this paper analyzes the relationship between urbanization and PM2.5 in Chengdu Chongqing urban agglomeration. The results shows as follows: (1) From 1998 to 2013, the urbanization of Chengdu Chongqing urban agglomeration has been rapid, and the PM2.5 average value in urban area is obviously higher than that in non urban area, which indicates that urbanization has certain influence on PM2.5; (2) In recent 16 years, the center of gravity of PM2.5 and the city both generally move toward southeast, and their annual fluctuations in the longitude is basically opposite; (3) The nighttime light data has a good consistency with PM2.5 in the spatial distribution in Chengdu Chongqing urban agglomeration, and the global R2 of GWR is between 0.86-0.95. The urbanization and human activities in the study area have a significant impact on the distribution of PM2.5; (4) Geographical detection analysis shows that different urbanization factors account for PM2.5 concentration. From 2006 to 2013, the density of urban population and greening coverage of built up areas have gradually become the main factors affecting the PM2.5 distribution in Chengdu Chongqing urban agglomeration.