长江经济带城市土地利用效率地区差异及形成机理

认识和探讨长江经济带城市土地利用效率地区差异及其形成机理，对于引导城市土地高效利用、实现区域协调发展具有重要的现实意义。利用超效率DEA模型、重心模型、泰尔指数和地理探测器模型，系统研究了2004~2014年长江经济带105个城市土地利用效率的时空演化格局、地区差异及其形成机理。研究表明：2004~2014年长江经济带城市土地利用效率呈明显上升态势，其地理重心总体由西向东、由南向北迁移；在空间上，长江经济带东、中、西部地区均出现“中心-外围”空间分异格局；长江经济带城市土地利用效率的泰尔指数表明地区差异显著，且东、中、西部地区出现“组内趋同而组间趋异”特点的俱乐部趋同现象；城市土地利用效率受控于多种复杂因素，从长江经济带整体来看，社会经济因素对城市土地利用效率空间分布的决定力最高；不同区域的主导因素存在显著差异，从东部、中部到西部，主导因素呈现出由区域自身条件及内在动力向外部要素转变的特征。 关键词： 城市土地利用效率；地区差异；形成机理；长江经济带

Regional Difference and Formation Mechanism of Urban Land Use Efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Understanding and exploring the regional differences in urban land use efficiency and their formation mechanism in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is of great practical significance for guiding the efficient utilization of urban land and achieving coordinated regional development. Based on super-efficient DEA model, gravity center model, Theil index and geographical detector model, this study systematically investigated the temporal and spatial evolution pattern, as well as regional differences and their formation mechanism of land use efficiency of 105 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt during the period from 2004 to 2014. The results show that the land use efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt increased significantly in this period. Its geographical center of gravity generally shifted from west to east and from south to north. Spatially, there appeared "center-periphery" spatial differentiation patterns in the eastern, middle and western regions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The Theil index of urban land use efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt indicates that there were significant differences among regions. Besides, the convergence of clubs emerged in its eastern, central and western regions, which was characterized by "convergence within the group and divergence between groups". In fact, urban land use efficiency is controlled by a variety of complex factors. From the overall perspective of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the social economic factors are the most decisive factors for the spatial distribution and use efficiency of urban land. There are significant differences in dominant factors for different regions. From eastern region to central region and to western region, the dominant factors take on a characteristic of transforming from regional conditions and internal forces to external factors. Key words：urban land use efficiency ; regional difference ; formation mechanism ; Yangtze River Economic Belt