基于DMSP/OLS数据的江苏省城镇人口空间分异研究

人口空间分异研究是区域协调发展的基础,便捷准确地获取城镇人口全局和局域的空间信息,对于合理制定区域人口、经济和社会发展政策具有重要意义。在DMSP/OLS(夜间灯光)数据和人口数据之间的定量关联基础上,模拟出格网尺度上江苏省2012年人口密度,采用人口集中指数、空间变差函数识别人口分布的空间格局并探讨区别于行政单元尺度的人口格局形成机理。区域层面,江苏省人口空间分异呈现苏北地区"低密度点状"分布,苏南、苏中为"高密度面状"分布并存格局。城镇层面,江苏省人口空间分布结构具有4种类型,H-H型地区人口各向差异性最强,网格单元内随机变异最小;H-L型人口各向差异性最小,网格单元内随机变异较大;L-L型人口轴向均质化特征明显,网格单元随机变异较小;L-H型空间各向差异性较小,网格单元的随机变异最大。结果表明,基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据反演而得到的人口格网模型具有巨大潜力,结合变差函数进行拟合分析可定量地刻画城镇内部人口分布的空间异质性特征。

URBAN POPULATION SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY ANALYSIS OF JIANGSU PROVINCE BASED ON DMSP/OLS NIGHTLIGHT DATA

The study on the spatial distribution of population is a fundamental determinant of region development. To aaccurately obtain the global and local spatial information has important significance to formulate reasonable regional development policies. Based on the quantitative association between DMSP/OLS nighttime lights data and population- data, this study simulated grid scale population density of Jiangsu Province in 2012. With the use of population concentration index and spatial variogram analysis, population space structural features and spatial variation have been identified. The results can further explain the microscopic scales of population space differentiation characteristics. Studies have shown the results showed that: 1) At the Rregional level, there is a significant population spatial differentiation phenomenon in Jiangsu province. In northern Jiangsu, it acts as "low-density dot" distribution characteristics, while in south of Jiangsu it acts as "high-density surface-shaped " distribution. 2) At the Urrban level, The spatial distribution of population structure of Jiangsu Province has four types: H-H type has the strongest anisotropic difference, with the minimum random variation within the grid; H-L type has the smallest anisotropic difference, but the random variation within the grid is large; L-L type has obviously axial homogenization characteristics, and the random variation of grid unit is small; L-H type's space anisotropy is small, and it has the maximum grid cell random variation. The results showed that the non-radiance calibrated DMSP / OLS nighttime lights image has the potential to provide population density estimation at grids units, combined with the use of fitted variogram can quantitatively present inside spatial heterogeneity of urban population distribution.