公共基础设施资本存量对区域经济增长的影响——以长江经济带为例

以柯布-道格拉斯生产函数模型为基础，将公共基础设施资本存量引入经济增长模型，采用空间面板数据模型效应分析研究方法，利用长江经济带2003~2016年统计数据，考察了不同类型的公共基础设施资本存量在不同时期与区域经济增长的关系。实证结果表明：（1）长江经济带各省市经济增长存在显著的空间依赖特征，2008年之后空间依赖程度及其显著度逐渐下降。（2）不同类型的公共基础设施资本存量，对区域经济增长的空间效应存在明显区别。能源基础设施资本存量显著地促进了全域经济增长，总效应为0.515；交通基础设施资本存量显著拉动本地经济增长，直接效应为 0.067 8，间接效应不明显；水利环境基础设施资本存量抑制本地经济增长，拉动邻接地区经济增长，直接效应为 -0.047 3，间接效应为0.165。（3）在不同时期，随着公共基础设施资本存量的不断累积，其对经济增长的空间效应发生了明显变化。在2003~2008年时间段和2009~2016年时间段，能源基础设施资本存量对区域经济增长的空间效应由正转负，表明其存量已经越过了最佳投资规模，出现了规模不经济现象；交通和水利环境类基础设施资本存量在两个时间段的对比表明其对于经济增长的空间效应随着投资量的增加逐渐加强。

Impact of Public Infrastructure Capital Stock on Regional Economic Growth：A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Based on the Cobb-Douglas production function model, this paper introduces the public infrastructure capital stock into the economic growth model, uses the spatial panel data model effect analysis method, and uses the statistics of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2003 to 2016 to examine different types of public. The relationship between infrastructure capital stock and regional economic growth in different periods. The empirical results show that: (1) The economic growth of the provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has significant spatial dependence characteristics. After 2008, the degree of spatial dependence and its significance gradually declined. (2) Different types of public infrastructure capital stocks have significant differences in the spatial effects of regional economic growth. The energy infrastructure capital stock significantly promoted the global economic growth with a total effect of 0.515; the transportation infrastructure capital stock significantly boosted the local economic growth, the direct effect was 0.067 8, the indirect effect was not obvious; the water environment infrastructure capital stock inhibited the local economic growth, Pulling the economic growth in the adjacent region, the direct effect is -0.047 3, and the indirect effect is 0.165. (3) In different periods, with the accumulation of public infrastructure capital stock, its spatial effect on economic growth has changed significantly. In the period 2003-2008 and the period of 2009-2016, the spatial effect of the capital stock of energy infrastructure on regional economic growth has been turned negative, indicating that its stock has exceeded the optimal investment scale, and there is a phenomenon of scale uneconomic; The comparison of the capital stock of transportation and water environment infrastructure in two time periods shows that its spatial effect on economic growth is gradually increasing with the increase of investment volume.