2000～2015年山地城市土地利用景观格局动态演变研究——以重庆市渝北区为例

以重庆市渝北区为例，借助地理信息系统和遥感手段，利用Landsat TM 遥感数据和DEM数据，采用景观指数分析、地形位指数和分布指数等计算方法，对渝北区 2000、2005、2010 和 2015 年土地利用景观格局变化特征进行了分析，着重探讨了不同地形、坡度下各种景观类型变化情况，以及它们之间的相互关系，以期为在相似条件下的城市最佳土地利用模式选择提供一定的借鉴和参考。结果表明：（1）渝北区土地资源以中、高级地形位为主，海拔 200 m 以下，坡度6°以下的土地资源比较匮乏；（2）渝北区主要的景观类型是耕地和林地，但耕地景观总的趋势是不断减少，林地不断增加，建设用地增长较快，总体上景观破碎化程度在增加，景观多样性呈上升趋势；（3）研究期内，中低级地形位区间内大量耕地转变为建设用地，林地、草地景观面积的分布趋势随着地形位指数成正相关关系，其优势地形位主要集中于高级别地形位区间。

Dynamic Evolution of Land Use Landscape Patterns in Mountainous Cities from 2000 to 2015：A Case Study of Yubei District in Chongqing

Taking Yubei District of Chongqing as an example, this paper uses the remote sensing data of Landsat TM and DEM data with the help of geographic information system and remote sensing methods, and uses the methods of landscape index analysis, terrain niche index and distribution index to analyze the characteristics of the changes of land use landscape pattern from 2010 to 2015. At the same time, it focuses on the changes of landscape types and the relationship between them under different terrain and gradient, so as to provide some reference for the selection of the best land use pattern in cities under similar conditions. The results show that:（1) The land resources of Yubei District are mainly made up of middle and high-level topography, and the land resources below 200 m above sea level and below 6° slope are scarce.（2).The main types of landscape in Yubei District are cultivated land and forest land, but the general trend of cultivated land landscape is decreasing, while the forest land is increasing and the land of construction is growing faster. Generally speaking, landscape fragmentation is increasing and landscape diversity is on the rise.（3) It is found that a large number of arable land is converted into construction land in the middle and low terrain location area during the research period, and the distribution trend of forest land and grassland landscape area expands with the increase of terrain location index, and its dominant terrain position mainly concentrates in the high terrain location area.