土地集约利用与生态效率的耦合协调发展研究

如何处理好土地集约利用与生态环境之间的关系，实现土地利用的经济、社会和生态三效益协调发展是新型城镇化建设中面临的一个重要问题。该文利用2005～2016年中国30个省、直辖市、自治区面板数据，通过全局主成分分析方法和超效率SBM模型对土地集约利用综合指数和生态效率进行测算，试图揭示土地集约利用与生态效率的耦合协调发展状况。结果表明：（1）土地集约利用水平呈逐步递增趋势，增长幅度表现为东部>中部>西部>东北地区；（2）生态效率逐年增加，增长幅度表现为东部>中部>西部>东北地区；（3）2016年，7个（23%）省市达到协调发展类，4个（14%）省市属于濒临失调类；19个（63%）省市属于失调衰退类。其中，上海和宁夏属于生态效率滞后型，其他省市均属于土地集约利用滞后型。此外，二者的耦合协调度有较明显的空间正相关性，但集聚程度逐渐减弱，空间分异愈加明显。

Coupling and Coordinated Development of Land Intensive Use and Ecological Efficiency

How to deal with the relationship between land intensive use and ecological environment, and realize the coordinated development of economic, social and ecological benefits of land use is an important issue in the construction of new urbanization. This paper used the panel data of 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2005 to 2016 to measure the land intensive utilization index and ecological efficiency through the global principal component analysis method and the super SBM model, in an attempt to reveal the coordinated development of land intensive use and ecological efficiency.The results showed that: (1) the level of land intensive use increased gradually, and the growth rate was shown as the east > middle > west > northeast region; (2) the ecological efficiency increased year by year, and the growth rate was shown as the east > middle > west > northeast region; (3)In 2016,23% of the provinces reached the coordinated development category, 14% of the provinces were close to the disorder category, and 63% were in the disorder decline category. Shanghai and Ningxia lagged behind in ecological efficiency, and other provinces lagged behind in intensive use of land. In addition, the coupling coordination degree had obvious spatial positive correlation, but the degree of agglomeration gradually weakened, and the spatial differentiation became more and more obvious.