城市主要功能用地景观格局的演变特征——以江苏省淮安市为例

基于GIS平台，提取了淮安市主城区城市用地的矢量数据，借助Fragstats3.3软件，计算了主要功能用地的景观格局指数，并对城市功能用地景观格局演变的特征进行了分析。研究表明：自1982年以来，城市功能用地斑块数量增多，斑块面积逐渐增大，面积差异不断缩小，用地斑块空间聚集程度渐渐上升，连通性水平逐步提高，功能用地斑块的形状特征与规整性变化明显；居住用地呈现出大分散、小集中的空间格局特征，斑块面积由小变大，斑块之间距离增大，密度降低，用地斑块的规整性与形态变化较大；工业用地由分散布局逐渐趋向于集中，斑块面积规模由小变大，完整性与集聚程度不断提高，相互连通性明显增强，斑块形态复杂性低；城市公共设施用地表现出大分散、小集中特点，用地斑块面积由大变小，面积差异较大，斑块形态与规整性变化明显

EVOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF LANDSCAPE PATTERN OF URBAN FUNCTIONAL LAND USE- A CASE STUDY OF HUAI'AN IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

Based on GIS platform,the paper analyzed the evolution of landscape pattern of urban functional land use in Huai’an city.The number of urban main functional land patches and plaque area was gradually increasing,the differences of plaque area was shrinking,and patches of urban functional land tended to compact.Both the spatial aggregation level and the connectivity level of functional land patches were gradually increased.The significant changes of fractal dimension of functional land use indicated that there were great changes in the characteristics of the shape and regularity of functional land patches.The spatial pattern characteristics of residential land patches showed“big spread,small concentration”feature.Before 2000,urban residential land patches area was smaller,the difference between different patches area was large,and the level of spatial aggregation and connectivity was high relatively.After 2000,with the increasing of residential land patch area,the extent of differences reduced, and the integrity of land improved.The distance between patches increased, but the density decreased.The land patch morphology and regularity changed greater.Before 2000,industrial land layout was dispersion,the changes in plaque area were small,and the difference of industrial land area was not significant.After 2000,industrial land patches size increased significantly,and the difference between industrial land patch area reduced obviously.Levels of integrity and concentration of industrial land patches rose rapidly,the connectivity of industrial land patches enhanced markedly,and the complexity of plaque morphology was not high.The land patches of urban public facilities showed "large scattered and small focus" feature.Before 1995,the land patches area tended to decrease,while the land density tended to increase,and the difference of patches area was insignificant.After 1995,the number and the size of land patches tended to increase,and the differences of land size were significant