多瑙河国际水争端仲裁案对我国国际河流开发的启示

多瑙河水争端仲裁案是国际法庭首例仲裁解决的生态环境案例。在对该案的产生、发展及仲裁结论的分析与总结基础上,结合当今淡水资源日趋紧张,国际河流水资源的合理利用与管理已成为国际社会广泛关注的重要问题的现状,认为该案将对我国未来国际河流水资源的开发利用带来启示：加强对我国境内国际河流水资源的“国际”法制化管理;协调国家与地方、国家间的水资源利用目标,促进国际河流水资源的公平合理利用与保护;认识与了解我国国际河流水资源开发利用中的国际责任与义务;认识国际河流水资源的有限利用权与使用权;国际河流水资源公平合理利用权利受限于流域国家的合作基础;参与制定并实施国际河流区域性开发协定是实现国际河流管理与保护的重要条件等。

REVELATION OF THE WATER USES IN INTERNATIONAL RIVERS OF CHINA FROM THE WATER DISPUTE CASE ON THE DANUBE BY INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

The case on water dispute of Danube River between Hungary and Slovakia is the first case that International Court of Justice accepted, appealed by the third party beyond of the two disputing parties,in concern of an ecological issue. Under the shortage of fresh water, the reasonable utilization and management on the water resources in international rivers is getting to be an important issue in the world. On the analysis of the case's background, development and final consequences of the judgement, some revelations can be gotten from the judgement:the model of utilization and management of the water resources in international rivers of China should enforce the "international" legal management; the equitable utilization and suitable management of water resource in international rivers need to coordinate the aims of water uses among riparians and between national and regional; the base of the management and conservation of water resources in international rivers is to introduce the cooperation among the riparians; there are some international obligations and rights to be taken; the rights of using water resource of international rivers are limited ones.