基于空间句法的街区制与小区制路网结构与空间感知研究——以南京仙林地区为例

街区制与小区制是现代城市两种不同的居住模式。近年来，随着我国城市化水平的迅速提高和城市规模的扩大，城市居住模式对城市居民生产生活与交通产生何种影响引起众多学科的高度关注。以南京仙林地区为例，运用空间句法理论与GIS空间分析功能，选择可达性和居住区便捷性等空间特征变量，对两种居住模式的路网结构与空间感知研究后发现：（1）研究区实行街区制，路网具有“核心-外围”可达性逐渐减小的空间结构，而小区制可达性高的路网结构与主干道形态相关，呈“井”字型；（2）路网可达性的结构差异影响着居住区便捷性，街区制与小区制相比，存在着核心区与外围区便捷性差异。街区制的核心区全局便捷性较高且分布均匀，而外围区全局便捷性与局部便捷性较低且分布相对不均匀；（3）居住便捷与路网可达是空间感知的基础，街区制呈现核心区高，外围区低的空间感知差异，而小区制的空间感知整体较高并呈均质性特点；（4）空间句法理论运用于居住区模式的路网结构与空间感知研究，拓展了该理论应用的领域，提出了推广街区制的有效措施，也为城市规划实行何种居住模式提供了科学依据

Research on Road Network Structure and Spatial Perception of Block System and Gated Residential Community System Based on Space Syntax: The Case of Xianlin Area,Nanjing

Block system and gated residential community system are two different modes of residence in a modern city. Recently,coupled with the rapid urbanization and the expansion of urban scale in China,the impact of urban residential modes on the production and transportation of urban residents has attracted much attention from many disciplines. This paper takes Xianlin area as the case to research the road network structure and the spatial perception of the two kinds of living modes,in which the space syntax theory and the spatial analysis function of the GIS are used to select the accessibility and the convenience of the residential area. The result shows: (1) If the block system is implemented in the study area,the road network structure will have a "core-periphery" spatial structure with a gradually reducing accessibility. While the road structure with high accessibility in the gated residential community system is related to the main road pattern,which shows an"intersecting parallels" type. (2 ) The structural difference of road network accessibility affects the convenience of residential area. Compared with gated residential community system,the core area of the block system has high convenience and homogeneous distribution,but in periphery area the global convenience and local convenience are low and the distribution is relatively uneven. (3) Residential convenience and the road accessibility are the basis of spatial perception. The block system shows a higher spatial perception in the core area and a lower one in the peripheral area,while the spatial perception of the gated residential community system is overall high and homogeneous. (4) This applying of space syntax theory in the study on the road network structure and spatial perception of the residential area model not only extends the field of its application,but also puts forward the effective measures to promote the block system and the scientific basis for the implementation of urban planning.