“三权分置”下农地细碎化治理的社会路径及其效果、效益分析——基于“沙洋模式”的考察

基于湖北省沙洋县农地细碎化治理经验，分析了在“三权分置”改革背景下，开展农地细碎化治理的社会路径及其效果、效益。研究结果显示：（1）农民对农地细碎化治理的需求较强，“三权分置”改革可以增强农民的土地获得感和土地调整能力，使他们既作为农地细碎化治理结果的“受益者”，又作为农地细碎化治理过程的“主导者”；（2）借助“承包权”和“经营权”的分离，稳定农户的“承包权”，调整细碎耕地的“经营权”，使“承包者”与“经营者”都可以获取合理的产权预期；（3）地方政府和村集体在土地调整过程中发挥着协调与整合的重要作用，它们通过如理性计算与长远规划等具有地方特色的策略，能够有效提高农地细碎化治理的执行效率。研究发现：农地细碎化治理的社会路径可以实现较好的治理效果，并具有显著的经济效益和社会效益，有助于维护农村的社会稳定与可持续发展。研究建议：伴随农地确权工作进程，当前是实现农地细碎化治理的较好契机。全国其它地区可以结合村庄实际、地方资源与农民需求，选择诸如“经营权”流转、互换等多种适宜的土地调整形式，有效破解农地细碎化困境，进一步提高我国农地资源配置效率。

Social Path to Governance Farmland Fragmentation and Analysis of Its Effect and Benefit with the Policy of Separating Rural Land Rights in China:Based on the Investigation of Shayang County

This paper analyzes the social path to governance farmland fragmentation and its effect and benefit under the background of the separation of land ownership rights,contract rights and land management rights,which based on the case of Shayang county of Hubei province.The results indicate that:(1) the farmers have strong demand for farmland fragmentation governmence.The separation of rural land ownership,contract rights and the right to manage the land activates farmers' sense of gain and land adjustment ability,which makes them not only be the "beneficiaries" of the result of farmland fragmentation governmence,but also be the "dominant players" in the process of farmland fragmentation governmence.(2) by separating "contract rights" and "land management rights",both "contractors" and "managers" can obtain their expected property reasonably,which reduces the transaction costs of land adjustment.(3) both local government and village collective play an important role of coordination and integration in the process of adjusting the land,which can effectively improve the efficiency of farmland fragmentation governance through the local characteristics strategies,such as rational calculation and long-term planning.The study found that:the social path to governance farmland fragmentation can achieve better governance effect and has significant economic and social benefits.It helps to maintain social stability and sustainable development in rural areas.This paper concludes that:with the confirmation of land right currently,there is a favorable opportunity for farmland fragmentation governance.For the rest of the whole country,it is necessary to combine with the village reality,the grass-roots social resources and farmers' different needs,then select a variety of appropriate land adjustment forms,such as " management right" transfer or exchange.Only in this way can we solve the problem of farmland fragmentation effectively and further improve the efficiency of farmland resource allocation.