河流型硅藻水华研究进展

通过对硅藻水华发生机制相关文献的研究分析,对硅藻水华发生机制做了一般性探讨,并重点关注了河流型水华的发生机制的独特点。河流水华种类主要为中心硅藻纲,静水生态系统水华种类除中心硅藻纲还包括部分羽纹硅藻纲种类。河流水华硅藻种类对营养盐浓度、温度和光照等环境因子具有一定的适应范围。与静水生态系统相比,河流硅藻水华受气象和水文等物理指标的影响更为明显。河流硅藻水华中常具有时滞现象,其中由气象和水文因素引起的时滞现象最为明显。目前河流硅藻水华的防治仍然以上游水库下泄稀释为主,但是这种方法会造成一定的水资源浪费。河流水华硅藻的生理属性、硅藻水华对生态系统的影响、节水与抑制水华的统筹以及其他控制水华的方法都是未来河流硅藻水华研究的重点。

RESEARCH ADVANCES OF DIATOM BLOOMS IN RIVERS

By analyzing research papers concerning diatom blooms,we discussed the underlying mechanism of diatom blooms formation,especially those break out in rivers.Most of blooms species in rivers belong to Centricae,while Pennatae blooms could be found in lentic ecosystems as well as Centricae.Suitable nutrient status,meteorologic and hydrographic conditions were required in formation of diatom blooms.Contrast with blooms in lentic environment,diatom blooms happened in rivers seemed more effected by meteorologic and hydrographic conditions.Time lags could be found during river diatom bloom,and the most obvious were those coused by meteorologic and hydrographic factors.By far,the technique of restraining diatom blooms was still very deficient,and the dilution method consistently used would lead to a waste of water resources.We argued that,in the future research concerning river diatom blooms,attention should be paid to the bloom species’ physiology,the diatom blooms’ effect on ecosystem,the overall plan of preventing blooms and saving water resources as well as other effective bloom control methods.