| 土地利用方式对洱海流域坝区土壤氮 磷 有机质含量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙莉,高思佳,储昭升,戴万宏. 土地利用方式对洱海流域坝区土壤氮 磷 有机质含量的影响[J]. 环境科学研究, 2016, 29(9): 1318-1324 |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙莉 高思佳 储昭升 戴万宏 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.安徽师范大学, 环境科学与工程学院, 安徽 芜湖 241000 ;中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室, 湖泊生态环境创新基地, 北京 100012 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07105-002) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解洱海流域土地利用对土壤养分的影响,调查研究了土地利用方式、种植模式,并研究了其对洱海流域坝区土壤w(TN)、w(TP)、w(OM)(OM为有机质)、w(olsen-P)(olsen-P为速效磷)和w(NO3--N)的影响.结果表明:①流域坝区土壤中w(OM)、w(TN)较高,平均值为52.16和2.76 g/kg；w(olsen-P)较低,平均值为6.55 mg/kg.②对比农田、林地、裸地、园地4种土地利用方式,土壤中w(TN)、w(OM)、w(TP)、w(olsen-P)均呈农田>园地、林地>裸地的变化趋势.③种植模式对农田土壤养分影响有差异,水稻-大蒜模式下土壤的养分含量总体较高,w(TN)、w(OM)平均值分别为4.21、74.22 g/kg,是玉米-蚕豆模式的1.98、1.96倍；蔬菜模式土壤中w(NO3--N)高达103.3 mg/kg,是水稻-蚕豆模式的37.29倍.④流域坝区农田土壤养分具有空间变异性,海东地区土壤中w(TP)和w(olsen-P)较高,分别为1.23 g/kg和11.48 mg/kg,是凤仪地区的2.16和2.15倍；上关-邓川地区w(TN)较高,为4.28 g/kg,是海东地区的1.63倍；w(OM)空间差异不明显(P>0.05).研究显示,流域坝区土壤氮、磷流失总量分别为686、241 t,主要贡献来自农田.
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| 关 键 词： | 土地利用 种植模式 空间差异 洱海流域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-03-04 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016-04-28 |
Effects of Land Use on Soil Nitrogen,Phosphorous and Organic Matter Contents in Flatland of Erhai Lake Basin |
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| SUN Li,GAO Siji,CHU Zhaosheng and DAI Wanhong. Effects of Land Use on Soil Nitrogen,Phosphorous and Organic Matter Contents in Flatland of Erhai Lake Basin[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2016, 29(9): 1318-1324 |
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| Authors: | SUN Li GAO Siji CHU Zhaosheng DAI Wanhong |
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| Affiliation: | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China ;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Research Center of Lake Eco-Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Research Center of Lake Eco-Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Research Center of Lake Eco-Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China and College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract:The effects of land use types and rotation patterns on the total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorous(TP),organic matter(OM),nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N) and available phosphorus(olsen-P) content of soil from flatlands in Erhai Lake basin were investigated.The results showed that:1) The average TN and OM contents of the soil were at a high level,with 52.15 and 2.76 g/kg,respectively.In contrast,the olsen-P content was 6.55 mg/kg,which was at a low level.2) The TN,OM,TP and olsen-P contents of soil in different land use types showed a decreasing order:farmland>orchard,forest land>bare land.3) Soil nutrients were significantly influenced by rotation patterns.The soil nutrients in rice-garlic rotation pattern were relatively high,with TN and OM contents of 4.21 and 74.22 g/kg,which were 1.96 and 1.98 times those of the corn-fave bean rotation pattern,respectively.The NO3--N content in vegetables rotation pattern was up to 103.3 mg/kg,which was 37.29 times that of the rice-fave bean rotation pattern.4) The farmland soil nutrients showed obvious spatial variability.The soil TP and olsen-P content in Haidong region were the highest among different regions,and were 1.23 g/kg and 11.48 mg/kg,which were 2.16 and 2.15 times those of the lowest in Fengyi region.The soil TN content in Shangguan-Dengchuan region was the highest,4.28 g/kg,which was 1.63 times that of the lowest in Haidong region.However,the OM content showed no significant spatial differences(P>0.05).5) The total losses of nitrogen and phosphorus were 686 and 241 t from flatland soil in Erhai Lake Basin,and farmland was the main contributor of land use types. |
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