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| 滇池疏浚底泥中重金属在4种蔬菜中的累积效应及其风险评价 | |
| 引用本文： | 普红平, 宋昱璇, 李强, 付建秋, 马晓冬, 孟祥琪, 潘学军. 滇池疏浚底泥中重金属在4种蔬菜中的累积效应及其风险评价[J]. 环境工程学报, 2016, 10(8): 4487-4498. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201503199 |
| 作者姓名： | 普红平 宋昱璇 李强 付建秋 马晓冬 孟祥琪 潘学军 |
| 作者单位： | 1.昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 昆明 650500 |
| 基金项目： | 云南省九大高原湖泊污染治理专项 中国科学院环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室开放基金（KF2013-04） 高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金（20125314110003） |
| 摘 要： | 滇池疏浚底泥富含有机质和N、P等营养成分，农用可提高土壤保水肥能力，有利于植物生长发育，但是存在重金属污染问题。通过盆栽及田间实验，对生菜、白菜、棒菜和萝卜4种蔬菜施用疏浚底泥作为有机肥进行种植，分析疏浚底泥农用后，其重金属含量对蔬菜的影响，并对其进行风险评价。结果表明，盆栽实验中，应将底泥的施用量控制在5%（0.05 kg·kg-1）以内。田间实验中，叶菜类蔬菜种植应将底泥的施用量控制在1.6 kg·m-2以下，块茎类蔬菜种植应将底泥的施用量控制在2.4 kg·m-2以下。风险评价采用富集系数（BCF），以及内梅罗污染指数。盆栽实验中叶菜类蔬菜BCF均为Cd >Pb >Zn >Cu，而块茎类组分BCF均为Cd >Zn >Pb >Cu；田间实验中叶菜类蔬菜BCF均为Zn >Cd >Pb >Cu，茎块类蔬菜BCF为Zn >Cd >Cu >Pb。化学致癌物Cd引起的平均健康风险均低于国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）推荐的最大的终生可接受风险水平；而非化学致癌物Pb、Zn、Cu引起的健康风险以Zn最大，Pb次之，Cu最小，且所有非致癌物健康风险均远低于英国皇家协会、瑞典环境保护局及荷兰建设环境部等推荐的终生可接受风险水平。 |
| 关 键 词： | 滇池 疏浚底泥 农用 重金属 风险评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-05-19 |
Dianchi Lake dredged sediment cumulative effects of heavy metals in four kinds of vegetables and its risk assessment |
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| PU Hongping, SONG Yuxuan, LI Qiang, FU Jianqiu, MA Xiaodong, MENG Xiangqi, PAN Xuejun. Dianchi Lake dredged sediment cumulative effects of heavy metals in four kinds of vegetables and its risk assessment[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2016, 10(8): 4487-4498. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201503199 | |
| Authors: | PU Hongping SONG Yuxuan LI Qiang FU Jianqiu MA Xiaodong MENG Xiangqi PAN Xuejun |
| Affiliation: | 1.Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China |
| Abstract: | Dredged sediments from Dianchi Lake are rich in organic matter such as N, P, and other nutrients, which can satisfy the needs for plant growth. In spite of the positive plant production promotion, there is a downside to the sediments because of heavy metal contamination. Four kinds of vegetables:lettuce, Chinese cabbage, mustard, and radish, which were planted with the dredged sediment as organic fertilizer in pot and field experiments, were studied for this research. In the pot experiments, the amount of sediment applied was controlled to within 5%(0.05 kg·kg-1). In the field experiments, the amount of sediment was limited to 1.6 kg·m-2 for plant leafy vegetables and 2.4 kg·m-2 for tuber vegetables. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) and the Nemerow pollution index were used for risk assessment. In the pot experiments, the BCF values of heavy metals in the leafy vegetables, ordered from highest to lowest concentration, were Cd >Pb >Zn >Cu, whereas the BCF values of heavy metals in the tuber vegetables, ordered from highest to lowest concentration, were Cd >Zn >Pb >Cu. For the field tests, the BCF values of heavy metals in the leafy vegetables, ordered from highest to lowest concentration, were Zn >Cd >Pb >Cu, whereas the BCF values of heavy metals in the tuber vegetables, ordered from highest to lowest concentration, were Zn >Cd >Cu >Pb. The average health risk value caused by the chemical carcinogen, Cd, was lower than the International Commission on Radiological Protection's recommended maximum lifetime acceptable risk level. The nonchemical carcinogenic Pb, Zn, and Cu cause health risks with Zn maximally, Pb second, and Cu minimally. The noncarcinogenic health risks were much lower than the lifetime acceptable risk levels recommended by the British Royal Society, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, and Dutch Ministry of Construction and Environment. |
| Keywords: | Dianchi Lake dredged sediment agricultural heavy metal risk assessment |
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