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基于寡培养可视化的铀污染检测的微生物组合
引用本文:戚鑫, 肖伟, 陈晓明, 肖诗琦, 罗学刚. 基于寡培养可视化的铀污染检测的微生物组合[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017, 11(8): 4844-4849. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201607095
作者姓名:戚鑫  肖伟  陈晓明  肖诗琦  罗学刚
作者单位:1. 西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院, 绵阳 621010; 2. 西南科技大学国防重点实验室, 绵阳 621010
基金项目:国家核设施退役及放射性废物治理科研重点项目(16ZG6101) 国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室开发基金项目(SKLNBC 2015-04) 核废物与环境安全国防重点实验室基金(15yyhk05) 可视化重金属(铀)污染微生物预警体系的构建与应用(16ZX7113)
摘    要:
为了评估监测铀污染对环境影响程度,为环境治理提供参考依据,本研究通过筛选获得对铀胁迫敏感和抗性的2类微生物,用以响应土壤或水体的铀污染,并考察其对铀污染响应灵敏度。实验筛选得到的红色敏感菌与粉色抗性菌经鉴定分别为粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens)和玫瑰色考克氏菌(Kocuria rosea),明显的菌落特征实现了微生物检测的可视化与简单化。通过寡培养基的应用,成功地以粘质沙雷氏菌:玫瑰色考克氏菌为1:2的比例构建了微生物检测体系。经验证,该体系在水体中能够检测出铀的最低浓度约为5 mg·L-1,在土壤中能检出的铀浓度高于10 mg·kg-1才有明显效果,表明本微生物组合对于监测水体和土壤铀污染是有效的。该体系为水体和土壤铀污染的微生物监测提供了前期技术基础。同时,寡培养方式的使用为外界因素对微生物的影响的"效果保真培养"提供了一定的参考。

关 键 词:铀污染监测   粘质沙雷氏菌   玫瑰色考克氏菌   微生物组合   灵敏度
收稿时间:2016-11-02

Monitor uranium contamination using combinatorial microorganisms with visible character based on oligotrophic culture way
QI Xin, XIAO Wei, CHEN Xiaoming, XIAO Shiqi, LUO Xuegang. Monitor uranium contamination using combinatorial microorganisms with visible character based on oligotrophic culture way[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2017, 11(8): 4844-4849. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201607095
Authors:QI Xin  XIAO Wei  CHEN Xiaoming  XIAO Shiqi  LUO Xuegang
Affiliation:1. College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; 2. Defense Key Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
Abstract:
In order to evaluate the effect of uranium contamination on microorganisms in nature, and to provide some reference data for the monitoring of uranium contamination, two kinds of bacteria (sensitive and resistant) were screened out. Both of them were used to establish a monitoring system to detect uranium pollution in soil and water, and its sensitivity of response to uranium pollution was studied, too. The sensitive bacteria (Serratia marcescens) exhibited dark red colonies, and the resistant bacteria (Kocuria rosea) exhibited pink colonies. Using two kinds of bacteria with obvious color difference makes the detection process visible and simple. The monitoring system was established with a ratio of 1:2 (S. marcescens to K. rosea) using the oligotrophic culture method. The results show that the response sensitivity of this system to uranium pollution (i.e., the lowest detectable concentration of uranium) in water and soil are 5 mg·L-1 and > 10 mg·kg-1, respectively. This indicates that the monitoring system is feasible. This monitoring system provided a preliminary technical foundation for microbial monitoring of uranium. These results also show that oligotrophic culture can maintain the fidelity of environmental effects on the growth of microorganisms.
Keywords:uranium contamination monitor  Serratia marcescens  Kocuria rosea  combinatorial microorganisms  sensitivity
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