| 进口粉末涂料物料固体废物鉴别方法的建立 |
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| 引用本文： | 郝雅琼,李丽,黄泽春. 进口粉末涂料物料固体废物鉴别方法的建立[J]. 环境科学研究, 2018, 31(4): 782-788. DOI: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.04.04 |
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| 作者姓名： | 郝雅琼 李丽 黄泽春 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家环境保护标准制修订项目（No.2012-1） |
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| 摘 要： | 粉末涂料生产过程中产生的固体废物属于我国禁止进口的固体废物，进口粉末涂料物料是否属于固体废物仅凭借口岸监管人员的常识和肉眼观察无法确定，需要通过专门的固体废物鉴别确定，但迄今为止没有粉末涂料物料的固体废物鉴别标准、规范或方法，因此，非常有必要建立进口粉末涂料物料的固体废物鉴别方法.在对多例进口粉末涂料物料固体废物鉴别实例总结归纳的基础上，建立了其固体废物鉴别方法:①确定物料的自然属性，包括利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析主要成分；利用低温电炉和马弗炉得到有机物和无机物的大概质量分数；采用X射线荧光光谱（XRF）分析灼烧残渣的主要成分及其质量分数.②确定物料的产生来源，判断出物料是否属于粉末涂料产品，具体指通过肉眼观察物理形态和杂质；测量粉末部分的粒度分布；分析粉末部分的容器中状态、粒径分布、涂膜外观和耐冲击性等HG/T 2006—2006《热固性粉末涂料》中要求的指标.③确定物料的固体废物属性，即根据GB 34330—2017《固体废物鉴别标准通则》中的相关条款，得出物料的固体废物鉴别结论.利用该方法对海关怀疑为固体废物的以粉末涂料产品名义申报进口的两种物料进行了固体废物鉴别，鉴别结果显示，两种物料均产生于粉末涂料产品生产过程，分别为不合格粉或者过期粉和超细粉，均属于我国禁止进口的固体废物，显示所建立的固体废物鉴别方法可行，可为进口粉末涂料生产过程中产生的物料的固体废物鉴别和监管提供参考.
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| 关 键 词： | 粉末涂料 固体废物 鉴别方法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-09-25 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017-12-13 |
Establishment of Solid Waste Identification Method for Imported Powder Coating Materials |
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| HAO Yaqiong,LI Li and HUANG Zechun. Establishment of Solid Waste Identification Method for Imported Powder Coating Materials[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2018, 31(4): 782-788. DOI: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2017.04.04 |
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| Authors: | HAO Yaqiong LI Li HUANG Zechun |
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| Affiliation: | State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China |
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| Abstract: | Solid waste produced in the production of powder coatings belongs to the solid waste, which was forbidden to be imported to China. It could not be determined only by the common sense and naked eye observation of port supervisors, whether the material of imported powder coating is solid waste. It needs to be identified by special solid waste. But so far there are no solid waste identification standards, specifications or methods for powder coating materials. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a solid waste identification method for imported powder coating materials. On the basis of several examples of solid waste identification of imported powder coating materials, the identification method of solid waste was established. The first step was to determine the natural properties of the material, including the use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to obtain the main components. The about mass fraction of organic and inorganic materials was got by low temperature furnace and muffle. X ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) was used to analyze the main components and the mass fraction of the burned residue. The second step was to determine the origin of the material and whether the material belongs to powder coating products. Specifically, the physical form and impurities were observed through the naked eye. The particle size distribution of the powder was measured. The indexes in Thermosetting Powder Coatings (HG/T 2006-2006), such as the state, particle size distribution, coating appearance and impact resistance of the container in the powder part, were analyzed. The third step was to determine the solid waste properties of the material. According to the relevant identification terms in Identification Standards for Solid Wastes General Rules (GB 34330-2017), the solid waste identification conclusion of materials was obtained. This method was used for solid waste identification of two types of declare imported material in the name of powder coating product which were suspected of solid wastes by customs. The identification results showed that two kinds of materials were produced in the process of powder coating products, respectively, unqualified powder or expired powder and superfine powder, all belong to the solid waste prohibited by our country. The established method for solid waste identification was feasible. This study would provide a technical reference for solid waste identification and supervision of imported material that was produced in the process of producing powder coatings. |
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| Keywords: | powder coating solid waste identification method |
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