| 水体中27种有机磷阻燃剂(OPFRs)的检测及风险评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 韩超, 梁存珍, 高欲乾, 关东. 水体中27种有机磷阻燃剂(OPFRs)的检测及风险评价[J]. 环境工程学报, 2022, 16(5): 1737-1747. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.202201159 |
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| 作者姓名： | 韩超 梁存珍 高欲乾 关东 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京石油化工学院环境工程系，北京 102617 |
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| 基金项目： | 第三次新疆综合科学考察项目资助(2021xjkk1400) |
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| 摘 要： | 有机磷阻燃剂(organophosphorus flame retardants，OPFRs)具有致畸、致癌、致突变风险以及神经毒性作用。为了更好地研究其存在水平和健康风险，建立了固相萃取与高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪和气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测水体中27种OPFRs的分析方法，并对OPFRs进行了健康风险评价。20种OPFRs采用MCX固相萃取柱预处理和LC-MS/MS进行检测，以甲醇和含10 mmol·L−1的甲酸水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱，7种OPFRs采用HLB串联Envi-18固相萃取柱进行预处理并利用GC-MS进行检测。检测结果表明，27种OPFRs的检出限为0.02~2.53 ng·L−1；定量限为0.06~8.43 ng·L−1；回收率为65.82%~108.48%。2021年4月份，采集北京市潮白河地表水和地下水8个水样并检测其OPFRs。实测结果表明：除磷酸三(2-异丙基苯)酯、磷酸异癸基二苯酯、磷酸叔丁基苯二苯酯、磷酸二苄酯外，其余23种OPFRs均有不同程度检出，质量浓度为0~973.17 ng·L−1；磷酸三(2-乙基己基)酯、磷酸三乙酯、磷酸三丙酯、磷酸三异丙酯含量相对较高，分别高达973.17、459.90、315.47、298.41 ng·L−1。采用USEPA模型对水样中的OPFRs进行了健康风险评价， 13种OPFRs的非致癌风险值为0~6.17×10−4，4种OPFRs致癌风险值为1.37×10−9~1.07×10−7；在高暴露条件下，OPFRs的非致癌风险值为1.61×10−5~6.17×10−4，致癌风险值为1.00×10−8~1.07×10−7，均低于风险阈值。上述结果说明，水体中OPFRs产生的健康风险处于较低水平。此次采集的潮白河地表水和地下水水中OPFRs的致癌风险和非致癌风险均处于较低水平。本研究结果可为地表水和地下水水体中OPFRs的检测及风险评价提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 有机磷阻燃剂(OPFRs) 高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪 气相色谱-质谱联用仪 固相萃取 风险评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-26 |
Determination and risk assessment of 27 organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in water |
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| HAN Chao, LIANG Cunzhen, GAO Yuqian, GUAN Dong. Determination and risk assessment of 27 organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in water[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2022, 16(5): 1737-1747. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.202201159 |
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| Authors: | HAN Chao LIANG Cunzhen GAO Yuqian GUAN Dong |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China |
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| Abstract: | Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have been demonstrated to be teratogenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and neurotoxic. In order to better study its existing level and health risks, the analytical methods with solid-phase extraction (SPE) pretreatment followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were developed to determine 27 OPFRs in the surface and ground water, and their health risk assessment was performed. Twenty OPFRs were determined by MCX cartridge pretreatment coupled by LC-MS/MS method, and gradient elution was performed using methanol and 10 mmol·L−1 formic acid as the mobile phases in the positive mode. Seven OPFRs were determined by GC-MS method with HLB and Envi-18 double cartridge pretreatment. The results showed that the detection limit (LODs), quantitation limit (LOQs) and recoveries for the 27 OPFRs were 0.02~2.53 ng·L−1, 0.06~8.43 ng·L−1, and 65.82%~108.48%, respectively. In April 2021, eight samples from the surface and ground water in Chaobai River, Beijing were collected, and the concentrations of 27 OPFRs in these samples were analyzed. in which only 4 kinds of OPFRs, namely Tri-(2-isopropyl phenyl) phosphate(TIPPP), Isodecyl diphenyl phosphate(IDPP), Tertbutyl phenyl diphenyl phosphate(BPDP) and Dibenzyl phosphate(DBPP) were undetectable, the rest of 23 OPFRs was detected with the concentration range of 0~973.17 ng·L−1, and relative high concentrations for Tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate(TEHP), Tri-ethyl phosphate(TEP), Tri-propyl phosphate(TnPP), Tri-isopropyl phosphate(TiPP) were 973.17, 459.90, 315.47, 298.41 ng·L−1, respectively. The health risks posed by OPFRs in Chaobai River water environment were evaluated using the USEPA health risk assessment model. The non-carcinogenic risk values of 13 OPFRs were in the range of 0~6.17×10−4, whereas the carcinogenic risk values of 4 OPFRs were in the range of 1.37×10−9~1.07×10−7. At the high exposure concentrations, the non-carcinogenic risk values of the above 13 OPFRs were in the range of 1.61×10−5~6.17×10−4, the carcinogenic risk values of 4 OPFRs were in the range of 1.00×10−8~1.07×10−7, they were below the low risk threshold, indicating that the health risk caused by OPFRs in Chaobai River surface and ground water was at a low level. The carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk of OPFRs in Chaobai River surface water and groundwater collected are at a low level. This study can provide a reference for the detection and risk assessment of OPFRs in surface water and groundwater. |
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| Keywords: | organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry gas chromatography-mass spectrometry solid phase extraction risk assessment |
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