| 杂交稻和常规稻对复合污染稻田土壤砷镉提取效果差异研究 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 吴珂萌,严露,柳赛花,纪雄辉,王欣,李翔鸿,杨京民,戴宏博,彭渤. 杂交稻和常规稻对复合污染稻田土壤砷镉提取效果差异研究[J]. 环境科学研究, 2023, 36(3): 571-580. DOI: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.12.08 |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 吴珂萌 严露 柳赛花 纪雄辉 王欣 李翔鸿 杨京民 戴宏博 彭渤 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.湖南师范大学地理科学学院，湖南 长沙 410081 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(No.41977108)；湖南省杰出青年科学基金项目(No.2020JJ2023)；湖南省地理学一流学科建设项目(No.地理学-5010002) |
| |
| 摘 要： | 为实现对稻田土壤砷(As)、镉(Cd)污染的同步移除，利用根箱试验，选取代表性杂交稻(HR)和常规稻(CR)品种作为修复材料进行提取. 为了评估种植HR和CR对土壤As、Cd的提取效果，以未种植水稻土壤作为对照(CK)，利用孔隙水采集器在其全生育期内采集并监测土壤水溶态As、Cd浓度的变化；分别在水稻分蘖期、成熟期采用梯度扩散薄膜技术(diffusive gradients in thin-films，DGT)原位实时测定根际土壤剖面有效态As、Cd浓度；收获时利用分级提取法分析土壤As、Cd赋存形态及总量变化，并分析植株各部位的As、Cd累积量. 结果表明:水稻生长能够有效消耗土壤中生物有效态As、Cd，且HR较CR表现出更高效的As、Cd同步富集能力. 水稻成熟期，种植HR的土壤中DGT-As(扩散梯度薄膜提取态As)浓度较种植CR和CK处理分别下降69%和71%，DGT-Cd(扩散梯度薄膜提取态Cd)浓度分别降低35%和58%；HR和CR收获后土壤总As含量分别减少8%和1%，总Cd含量分别减少31%和14%；HR对土壤As、Cd的单株去除量分别为CR的1.2和4.5倍；每年种植两季HR对土壤As、Cd的移除率分别为CR的1.2和4.3倍. 研究显示，种植HR对As、Cd具有更高效的提取能力，可优先作为修复材料对稻田土壤生物有效态As、Cd进行专性提取减量，为As、Cd复合污染稻田土壤清洁提供了一条有益路径；但还需结合水分优化管理、施加促溶剂等方式形成修复链，进一步提高修复效率，缩短修复年限.
|
| 关 键 词： | 杂交稻(HR) 常规稻(CR) 提取 砷(As) 镉(Cd) 水稻土 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-10-11 |
Study on Difference in Arsenic and Cadmium Extraction between Hybrid Rice and Conventional Rice in Co-Contaminated Paddy Soil |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1.College of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China2.Hunan Institute of Agri-Environment and Ecology, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Midstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Prevention, Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410125, China |
| |
| Abstract: | In order to achieve co-removal of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) from paddy soils, rhizotron experiment were carried out using representative hybrid rice (HR) and conventional rice (CR) cultivars as As and Cd co-extraction materials. To evaluate the difference in the extraction effect of HR and CR, the soil without rice growth was included as a control (CK). Porewater samplers were used to collect and monitor changes in soluble As and Cd concentration throughout the rice growth period. During the tillering and maturity stages, the diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) was employed for monitoring the dynamic profile As and Cd in situ and in real-time. At harvest, the changes in soil As and Cd fractions and total amounts were determined by sequential extraction, and As and Cd accumulation in rice tissues were measured. The results showed that rice growth deplete the bioavailable As and Cd in paddy soil, and HR showed more efficient bioaccumulation capacity compared with CR. At the maturity stage, compared with CR growth and CK treatments, the average concentration of soil DGT-As decreased by 69% and 71%, and soil DGT-Cd decreased by 35% and 58% in HR growth, respectively. HR and CR decreased soil total As by 8% and 1%, respectively, while soil Cd was reduced by 31% and 14%, respectively. The removal of soil As and Cd by HR plant was 1.2 and 4.5 times that of CR, respectively, which were linked to 1.2 and 4.3 times higher removal rates of soil As and Cd by HR, respectively, than by CR with 2 crops per year. Based on these results, planting HR has a greater ability to extract soil As and Cd, which can be preferentially used as remediation material for specific extraction and reduction of rice-available As and Cd in paddy soil. This study provides a useful pathway for cleaning and safe utilization of As and Cd co-contamination paddy soil. However, it will be necessary to combine moisture optimization management and application of pro-solvent to form a restoration chain to further improve the restoration efficiency and reduce the restoration years. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
|
| 点击此处可从《环境科学研究》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《环境科学研究》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
