倡导节能低碳生产 打造企业绿色未来——记广东金意陶陶瓷有限公司

正广东金意陶陶瓷有限公司(以下简称"金意陶")成立于2004年,总部位于千年陶都——广东佛山,是专业从事高档瓷质饰釉砖的设计、研发、生产、销售为一体的综合性高新技术企业。金意陶旗下覆盖六大板块产业:以金意陶(KITO)和新风景(ICC)为代表的建筑陶瓷产业版块;以碳歌为代表的环保新材产业;以中盈盛达为代表的金融投资产业;以乾龙科技为代表的信息科技产业;以中陶投资、深圳金意陶公司为代表的流通产业;以景德镇     

绿色文明遍陶都

位于苏浙皖三省交界、太湖西畔的宜兴市,是我国著名的陶都和环保产业之乡。近年来,该市经济快速发展,综合经济实力在全国2052个参评县(市)中名列第13位,环境保护工作也取得明显成效,陶的古都处处展现绿色文明的新姿。“绿”在加大投入上1996年至今,仅宜兴市财政就投入6.26亿元,用于组织开展一系列大规模的环境综合整治活动。宜兴市先后关停50家污染严重的“十五小”企业,完成232家水污染企业和1300多家烟尘污染企业的治理任务,顺利通过“一控双达标”专项验收。接着又完成190家粉尘污染企业和37家规模畜禽养殖场的限期治理任务,关闭轧石企业…     

瀚海

瀚海，望不尽的沙丘、沙丘……一边是黄河，一边是高原，一边是瀚海，中间的城镇，有浊酒洗不尽哀怨的凉洲词。沙波纹凝固了，无数根单调的横线和曲线，像蟒蛇似的，忽然游动，便一齐缠绕住驼队。砾浪是风神塑造的几何形雕塑，是大自然的流体力学的创造么？热浪袭击，恶火灼烤，像置身于一口吱吱冒烟的大锅，我和骆驼的舌根都弥漫干裂的苦涩。这里是生命禁区，没有一棵苁蓉和一株胡杨，只有望不尽的沙丘、沙丘……曾经天鹅和大雁飞过，使瀚海一阵惊喜，然而它们和时光一样，从不停留。我沉缅于海市蜃楼，明知是蜃气，即使妄想，也欲追求，那…     

科技断想

科技是什么？有人说是妄想和梦幻，有人说是认识和实践，有人说是生活常识，有人说是劳动技能和经验。有人说是溯源的欲望，有人说是求知者的探险。有人说是自然规律，有人说是客观发现。     

西江明珠放异彩

“环境保护和生态建设，实际上也是一种生产力。贵港市委、市政府一直从这个高度来认识。良好的生态、优美的环境是经济持续、快速发展的前提和动力。重视环境治理与建设，特别是注重合理、科学开发资源，并充分综合利用，大力实施循环生产，就可以降低生产成本，提高经济效益。所以，环境保护和生态建设是先进生产力的具体体现，也是我们实践‘三个代表’重要思想的实际行动。”“从以上方面讲，加强保护环境和生态建设，是一种生产力，并且是很活跃的、先进的生产力！”     

环境美学研究

本文论述了环境美学原理的基本原则和主要形式，环境绿化美化，环境美学与植物生态学的关系，以及环境的美学功能。环境美学的基本原则是多样统一，调和对比，对称均衡和韵律节奏。环境学的主要形式是表现环境外观特征的色彩，线条和形体。环境绿化美化艺术，绿化是基础，美化是主题。     

加大环境宣传教育工作力度 推动环境保护事业深入发展

环境宣传教育的任务是为党的战略方针服务，为可持续发展战略服务，为环境保护的中心工作服务。这是我们工作的出发点和落脚点。我们过去是这么做的，现在是这么做的，将来也仍然需要这样做。2000年是千禧之年，是20世纪和21世纪承前启后之年，是极不平凡的一年。今年，全省环境保护的工作任务非常繁重。我们按照中央、国务院和省委、省政府的要求，     

提高认识 把握机遇 全面做好自然保护区各项工作

自然保护区是生态保护的重要组成部分，是人与自然和谐相处是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要内容，是生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的集中体现。也是时代发展和进步的熏要标志。建立自然保护区是国家保护自然资源和自然环境，加强生态建设，维护生态安仝，推进生态文明，实现经济社会全面、协调、可持续发展，构建和谐社会的重要保障和有效措施。     

铝厂含氟烟尘的治理现状及对策

铝电解过程中，电解槽不断地向周围散发出气态和固态污染物，气态物质的主要成份是氟化氢、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、沥青烟等，固态物贸主要是氧化铝、冰晶石和一些炭粒。对于这些有害物质组成的烟尘，特别是氟化氢，如不及早及时回收利用，不仅是浪费资源，而且还污染环境，恶化劳动条件，对人畜和农作物造成危害。因此，对于烟尘的净化回收是大势所趋，势在必行。1含氟烟尘的治理现状我国从建国初期，就含氟烟尘的危害性，即开始着手于净化回收和治理研究工作。特别是最近十几年来，随着经济迅速地发展，使得对含氟烟尘的治理更加迫切。为此…     

东湖开发区产业布局对环境的影响研究

武汉东湖高新技术开发区是首批国家级高新技术产业开发区之一，产业基础好。发展条件佳。近十年是其经济和社会发展的重要时期。是进行经济结构战略性调整和改革开放的重要时期，也是减轻环境污染和遏制生态恶化趋势的重要时期。但由于开发区建设初期注重经济建设，忽视环境保护，使环境问题日趋严峻。因而，紧紧抓住新世纪的历史机遇，下大力气解决开发区突出的环境问题，调整产业结构，合理产业布局，制定切实可行的生态规划和环保措施迫在眉睫，以期实现长期快速增长，持续、均衡发展。     

Toxic effects of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination on nifH gene in soil

Toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity （both in gene richness and diversity index values） and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor （50 mg/kg） recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos （150 mg/kg） caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos （250 mg/kg） produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. Toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes （bands） responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals： four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.     

Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize （Zea mays L.） grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.     

Degradation of metabolites accumulated of benzo[a]pyrene by coupling Penicillium Chrysogenum with KMnO4

Several main metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） formed by Penicillium chrysogenum, Benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-quinone （BP 1,6- quinone）, trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene （BP 7,8-diol）, 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene （3-OHBP）, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The three metabolites were liable to be accumulated and were hardly further metabolized because of their toxicity to microorganisms. However, their further degradation was essential for the complete degradation of BaP. To enhance their degradation, two methods, degradation by coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 and degradation only by Penicillium chrysogenum, were compared; Meanwhile, the parameters of degradation in the superior method were optimized. The results showed that （1） the method of coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 was better and was the first method to be used in the degradation of BaP and its metabolites; （2） the metabolite, BP 1,6-quinone was the most liable to be accumulated in pure cultures; （3） the effect of degradation was the best when the concentration of KMnO4 in the cultures was 0.01% （w/v）, concentration of the three compounds was 5 mg/L and pH was 6.2. Based on the experimental results, a novel concept with regard to the bioremediation of BaP-contaminated environment was discussed, considering the influence on environmental toxicity of the accumulated metabolites.     

Impact of atrazine and nitrogen fertilizers on the sorption of chlorotoluron in soil and model sorbents

Sorption of chlorotoluron in ammonium sulfate, urea and atrazine multi-solutes system was investigated by batch experiments. The results showed application of nitrogen fertilizers to the soil could affect the behavior of chlorotoluron. At the same concentration of N, sorption of chlorotoluron decreased as the concentration of atrazine increased on the day 0 and 6 in soil, respectively. The sorption of chlorotoluron increased from 0 to 6 d when soils were preincubated with deionized water, ammonium sulfate and urea solution for 6 d. That indicated incubation time was one of the most important factors for the sorption of chlorotoluron in nitrogen fertilizers treatments. The individual sorption isotherms of chlorotoluron in rubbery polymer and silica were strictly linear in single solute system, but there were competition sorption between pesticides or between pesticides and nitrogen fertilizers. That indicated the sorption taken place by concurrent solid-phase dissolution mechanism and sorption on the interface of water-organic matter or water-mineral matter.     

Potential of plant polyphenol oxidases in the decolorization and removal of textile and non-textile dyes

In this study an effort has been made to use plant polyphenol oxidases; potato （Solanum tuberosum） and brinjal （Solanum melongena）, for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile and other industries. The ammonium sulphate fractionated enzyme preparations were used to treat a number of dyes under various experimental conditions. Majority of the treated dyes were maximally decolorized at pH 3.0. Some of the dyes were quickly decolorized whereas others were marginally decolorized. The initial first hour was sufficient for the maximum decolorization of dyes. The rate of decolorization was quite slow on long treatment of dyes. Enhancement in the dye decolorization was noticed on increasing the concentration of enzymes. The complex mixtures of dyes were treated with both preparations of polyphenol oxidases in the buffers of varying pH values. Potato polyphenol oxidase was significantly more effective in decolorizing the dyes to higher extent as compared to the enzyme obtained from brinjal polyphenol oxidase. Decolorization of dyes and their mixtures, followed by the formation of an insoluble precipitate, which could be easily removed simply by centrifugation.     

Removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge by low costing chemical method and recycling in agriculture

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Isolation and preliminary characterization of a 3-chlorobenzoate degrading bacteria

A study was conducted to compare the diversity of 2-, 3-, and 4-chlorobenzoate degraders in two pristine soils and one contaminated sewage sludge. These samples contained strikingly different populations of mono-chlorobenzoate degraders. Although fewer cultures were isolated in the uncontaminated soils than contaminated one, the ability of microbial populations to mineralize chlorobenzoate was widespread. The 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate degraders were more diverse than the 2-chlorobenzoate degraders. One of the strains isolated from the sewage sludge was obtained. Based on its phenotype, chemotaxonomic properties and 16S rRNA gene, the organism S-7 was classified as Rhodococcus erythropolis. The strain can grow at temperature from 4 to 37℃. It can utilize several （halo）aromatic compounds. Moreover, strain S-7 can grow and use 3-chlorobenzoate as sole carbon source in a temperatures range of 10-30℃ with stoichiometric release of chloride ions. The psychrotolerant ability was significant for bioremediation in low temperature regions. Catechol and chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase activities were present in cell free extracts of the strain, but no （chloro）catechol 2,3- dioxygenase activities was detected. Spectral conversion assays with extracts from R. erythropolis S-7 showed accumulation of a compound with a similar UV spectrum as chloro-cis,cis-muconate from 3-chlorobenzoate. On the basis of these results, we proposed that S-7 degraded 3-chlorobenzoate through the modified ortho-cleave pathway.     

Single and joint effects of pesticides and mercury on soil urease

The influence of two pesticides including chlorimuron-ethyl and furadan and mercury （Hg） on urease activity in 4 soils （meadow burozem and phaeozem） was investigated. The soils were exposed to various concentrations of the two pesticides and Hg individually and simultaneously. Results showed that there was a close relationship between urease activity and organic matter content in soil. Chlorimuron-ethyl and furadan could both activate urease in the 4 soils. The maximum increment of urease activity by chlorimuronethyl was up to 14%-18%. There was almost an equal increase （up to 13%-21%） in the urease activity by furadan. On the contrary, Hg markedly inhibited soil urease activity. A logarithmic equation was used to describe the relationship （P〈0.05） between the concentration of Hg and the activity of soil urease in the 4 tested soils. Semi-effect dose （ED50） values by the stress of Hg based on the inhibition of soil urease in the 4 soils were 88, 5.5, 24 and 20 mg/kg, respectively, according to the calculation of the corresponding equations. The interactive effect of chlorimuron-ethyl or furadan with metal Hg on soil urease was mainly synergic at the highest tested concentrations.     

Organochlorine pesticides in soils under different land usage in the Taihu Lake region, China

A field study was conducted in the Taihu Lake region, China in 2004 to reveal the organochlorine pesticide concentrations in soils after the ban of these substances in the year 1983. Thirteen organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were analyzed in soils from paddy field, tree land and fallow land. Total organochlorine pesticide residues were higher in agricultural soils than in uncultivated fallow land soils. Among all the pesticides, ΣDDX (DDD, DDE and DDT) had the highest concentration for all the soil samples, ranging from 3.10 ng/g to 166.55 ng/g with a mean value of 57.04 ng/g and followed by ΣHCH, ranging from 0.73 ng/g to 60.97 ng/g with a mean value of 24.06 ng/g. Dieldrin, endrin, HCB and α-endosulfan were also found in soils with less than 15 ng/g. Ratios of p,p'-(DDD DDE)/DDT in soils under three land usages were: paddy field ＞ tree land ＞ fallow land, indicating that land usage inlfuenced the degradation of DDT in soils. Ratios of p,p'-(DDD DDE)/DDT ＞1, showing aged residues of DDTs in soils of the Taihu Lake region. The results were discussed with data from a former study that showed very low actual concentrations of HCH and DDT in soils in the Taihu Lake region, but according to the chemical half-lives and their concentrations in soils in 1980s, the concentration of DDT in soils seemed to be underestimated. In any case our data show that the ban on the use of HCH and DDT resulted in a tremendous reduction of these pesticide residues in soils, but there are still high amounts of pesticide residues in soils, which need more remediation processes.     

Alterations of organ histopathology and metallolhionein mRNA expression in silver barb, Puntius gonionotus during subchronic cadmium exposure

Common silver barb,Puntius gonionotus,exposed to the nominal concentration of 0.06 mg/L Cd for 60 d,were assessed for histopathological alterations(gills,liver and kidney),metal accumulation,and metallothionein(MT)mRNA expression.Fish exhibited pathological symptoms such as hypertrophy and hyperplasia of primary and secondary gill lamellae,vacuolization in hepatocytes,and prominent tubular and glomerular damage in the kidney.In addition,kidney accumulated the highest content of cadmium,more than gills and liver.Expression of MT mRNA was increased in both liver and kidney of treated fish.Hepatic MT levels remained high after fish were removed to Cd-free water.In contrast,MT expression in kidney was peaked after 28 d of treatment and drastically dropped when fish were removed to Cd-free water.The high concentrations of Cd in hepatic tissues indicated an accumulation site or permanent damage on this tissue.