首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
污泥臭氧氧化处理过程中活菌抗药基因丰度的消减   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
田少囡  田哲  杨宏  杨敏  张昱 《环境工程学报》2017,11(5):3271-3278
臭氧氧化技术是一种广泛应用的污泥减量技术,然而臭氧处理能否对污泥中的抗生素抗药基因进行有效消减还不清楚。采用单叠氮溴化丙锭(propidium monoazide,PMA)预处理结合定量PCR(qPCR)方法对污泥臭氧减量过程中不同臭氧消耗量下活性污泥活菌中的四环素、氨基糖苷和大环内酯3大类共21种抗药基因的变化进行了研究。结果表明:臭氧氧化可以有效消减活性污泥活菌中21种抗药基因的绝对丰度(每毫升污泥的抗药基因拷贝数),在臭氧消耗量0.31 g·g-1(TSS)情况下抗药基因总量降低了75.44%;尽管绝对丰度下降,污泥臭氧氧化处理过程中大量抗药基因的相对丰度(抗药基因拷贝数与细菌16S rRNA基因拷贝数的比例)逐渐增加,表明臭氧处理后污泥中耐药菌占总活菌比例可能增加,具有一定的抗性传播风险;Ⅰ型整合子是抗药基因水平转移的重要遗传元件,其绝对丰度同样随着臭氧消耗量增加而降低,而相对丰度逐渐上升。  相似文献   

2.
To understand the transport and fate of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater treatment plants, 12 resistance genes (ten tetracycline resistance genes, two sulfonamides genes) and class 1 integron gene (intI1) were studied in five wastewater treatment plants with different treatment processes and different sewage sources. Among these resistance genes, sulfonamides genes (sul1 and sul2) were of the most prevalent genes with detection frequency of 100 %. The effluent water contained fewer types of resistance genes than the influent in most selected plants. The abundance of five quantified resistance genes (tetG, tetW, tetX, sul1, and intI1) decreased in effluent of plants treating domestic or industrial wastewater with anaerobic/aerobic or membrane bioreactor (MBR) technologies, but tetG, tetX, sul1, and intI1 increased along the treatment units of plants treating vitamin C production wastewater by anaerobic/aerobic technology. In plant treating cephalosporins production wastewater by UASB/aerobic process, the quantities of tetG, tetX, and sul1 first decreased in anaerobic effluent water but then increased in aerobic effluent water.  相似文献   

3.
This study investigated antibiotic resistance profiles including antibiotic resistance frequencies, resistance genes and resistance patterns in Escherichia coli strains isolated from traditional and integrated aquaculture systems in South China by using antibiotic susceptibility testing and real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The E. coli isolates were found to be resistant to at least one antibiotic among 12 antibiotics. Higher resistance frequencies to ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprime, streptomycin and tetracycline were found compared to the rest antibiotics. Among the 10 tetracycline resistance genes detected in the resistant isolates, the most prevalent tetracycline resistance genes were tetA, tetW and tetB with the frequency of 69.7%, 63.5% and 21.9%, respectively. Three sulfonamide resistance genes were detected in these resistant isolates, with their detection frequencies in the following order: sul2 (55.3%) > sul3 (28.2%) > sul1 (6.2%). Four resistance genes mainly encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were detected in these resistant isolates, with the detection frequencies of blaTEM (28.4%) > blaOXA (9.7%) > blaCTX (9.3%) > blaCARB (5.2%) > blaSHV (0.0%). It was found that the integrated aquaculture system exhibited generally higher prevalence of antibiotic resistance than the traditional aquaculture system. An integrated aquaculture system could facilitate development of bacterial resistance and spread of the antibiotic resistance genes, and consequently become an important reservoir of resistance genes.  相似文献   

4.
张媛  宋璐  王灿  熊丽君 《环境工程学报》2023,17(5):1612-1619
由于大量的抗生素被用于畜禽养殖行业,畜禽养殖场中的抗生素抗性基因 (ARGs,Antibiotic resistance genes) 问题正逐渐变得严重。为调查畜禽养殖场中气载ARGs的污染特征及季节性变化,分别在冬季和夏季采集陕西省渭南市养猪场和养鸡场的空气和粪便样品,分析不同种类气载ARGs的污染水平及ARGs与环境因子的相关性。结果表明:畜禽养殖场空气中主要检出的ARGs类型为万古霉素类抗性基因、MLSB类抗性基因、四环素类抗性基因、FCA类抗性基因;在不同类型养殖场中气载ARGs总浓度趋势为养鸡场>养猪场,且养鸡场中每种ARGs浓度比养猪场中高约2个数量级;在不同季节养殖场中,气载ARGs总浓度趋势为冬季>夏季,且每种ARGs在冬季均高于夏季2~3个数量级。Pearson相关性分析结果表明,养殖场中气载ARGs总浓度与PM2.5呈显著相关 (P<0.05) ,与其他环境因子无显著相关性。本研究成果可为控制畜禽养殖场中气载ARGs污染的传播及防控提供参考。  相似文献   

5.
鸡粪有机肥对土壤中抗生素抗性基因和整合酶基因的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为探究施用有机肥对土壤中抗性基因和整合酶基因分布的影响及其与土壤环境因子的相关关系,利用高通量PCR技术监测了鸡粪有机肥施用120 d后土壤中四环素类抗性基因、大环内酯类抗性基因、整合酶基因和土壤理化性质的变化情况。研究结果表明,施肥土壤的电导率、pH、有机质含量均明显增加,而土壤氧化还原电位由217.27 mV降低到154.47 mV。施肥土壤中钾、氮、磷、铅、铜和锌含量均上升。施加鸡粪有机肥120 d后,土壤中tetM、tetQ、tetW、tetG和tetX 5种四环素类抗性基因相对丰度分别增加了2.90、0.97、6.80、0.98和0.94倍,而erm35、ermB、ermT、ermX和ermF 5种大环内酯类抗性基因相对丰度分别增加了0.98、136.68、0.95、2.89和2.89倍;但erm36相对丰度降低了0.75倍,其中施肥后土壤中ermB丰度最高而erm36丰度最低。施用鸡粪有机肥后,土壤中intI1和intI3的丰度分别降低了4.71 × 10-5和2.57 × 10-7,而intI2的丰度增加了3.74 × 10-6。Network分析发现intI3与除ermB外的基因均呈显著负相关关系(R=-1.00,P<0.05)。  相似文献   

6.
This study investigated antibiotic resistance profiles and tetracycline resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae family isolates from the Pearl rivers. The Enterobacteriaceae isolates were tested for susceptibility to seven antibiotics ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tetracycline and trimethoprim. In Liuxi reservoir, with an exception to ampicillin resistant strains (11%) no other antibiotic resistance bacterial strains were detected. However, multiple drug resistance in bacterial isolates from the other sites of Pearl rivers was observed which is possibly due to sewage discharge and input from other anthropogenic sources along the rivers. Four tetracycline resistance genes tet A, tet B, tet C and tet D were detected in the isolates from the rivers. The genes tet A and tet B were widely detected with the detection frequencies of 43% and 40% respectively. Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin resistant enteric bacteria were also isolated from the pig and duck manures which suggest a wider distribution of human specific drugs in the environment. This investigation provided a baseline data on antibiotic resistance profiles and tetracycline resistance genes in the Pearl rivers delta.  相似文献   

7.
The objective of this review is to reflect on the multiple roles of bacteria in wastewater habitats with particular emphasis on their harmful potential for human health. Indigenous bacteria promote a series of biochemical and metabolic transformations indispensable to achieve wastewater treatment. Some of these bacteria may be pathogenic or harbour antibiotic resistance or virulence genes harmful for human health. Several chemical contaminants (heavy metals, disinfectants and antibiotics) may select these bacteria or their genes. Worldwide studies show that treated wastewater contain antibiotic resistant bacteria or genes encoding virulence or antimicrobial resistance, evidencing that treatment processes may fail to remove efficiently these bio-pollutants. The contamination of the surrounding environment, such as rivers or lakes receiving such effluents, is also documented in several studies. The current state of the art suggests that only some of antibiotic resistance and virulence potential in wastewater is known. Moreover, wastewater habitats may favour the evolution and dissemination of new resistance and virulence genes and the emergence of new pathogens. For these reasons, additional research is needed in order to obtain a more detailed assessment of the long-term effects of wastewater discharges. In particular, it is important to measure the human and environmental health risks associated with wastewater reuse.  相似文献   

8.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antimicrobial resistance elements (AMR) are novel environmental contaminants that pose a significant risk to...  相似文献   

9.
Antibiotics are among the most successful drugs used for human therapy. However, since they can challenge microbial populations, they must be considered as important pollutants as well. Besides being used for human therapy, antibiotics are extensively used for animal farming and for agricultural purposes. Residues from human environments and from farms may contain antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes that can contaminate natural environments. The clearest consequence of antibiotic release in natural environments is the selection of resistant bacteria. The same resistance genes found at clinical settings are currently disseminated among pristine ecosystems without any record of antibiotic contamination. Nevertheless, the effect of antibiotics on the biosphere is wider than this and can impact the structure and activity of environmental microbiota. Along the article, we review the impact that pollution by antibiotics or by antibiotic resistance genes may have for both human health and for the evolution of environmental microbial populations.  相似文献   

10.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence of sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1–3) and other genetic elements as antiseptic resistance...  相似文献   

11.
Forty-six bacterial cultures, including one culture collection strain, thirty from the rhizosphere of Alyssum murale and fifteen from Ni-rich soil, were tested for their ability to tolerate arsenate, cadmium, chromium, zinc, mercury, lead, cobalt, copper, and nickel in their growth medium. The resistance patterns, expressed as minimum inhibitory concentrations, for all cultures to the nine different metal ions were surveyed by using the agar dilution method. A large number of the cultures were resistant to Ni (100%), Pb (100%), Zn (100%), Cu (98%), and Co (93%). However, 82, 71, 58 and 47% were sensitive to As, Hg, Cd and Cr(VI), respectively. All cultures had multiple metal-resistant, with heptametal resistance as the major pattern (28.8%). Five of the cultures (about of 11.2% of the total), specifically Arthrobacter rhombi AY509239, Clavibacter xyli AY509235, Microbacterium arabinogalactanolyticum AY509226, Rhizobium mongolense AY509209 and Variovorax paradoxus AY512828 were tolerant to nine different metals. The polymerase chain reaction in combination with DNA sequence analysis was used to investigate the genetic mechanism responsible for the metal resistance in some of these gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria that were, highly resistant to Hg, Zn, Cr and Ni. The czc, chr, ncc and mer genes that are responsible for resistance to Zn, Cr, Ni and Hg, respectively, were shown to be present in these bacteria by using PCR. In the case of, M. arabinogalactanolyticum AY509226 these genes were shown to have high homology to the czcD, chrB, nccA, and mer genes of Ralstonia metallidurans CH34. Therefore, Hg, Zn, Cr and Ni resistance genes are widely distributed in both gram-positive and gram-negative isolates obtained from A. murale rhizosphere and Ni-rich soils.  相似文献   

12.

Animal manure is an important source of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. However, the difference of antibiotic residues and ARG profiles in layer and broiler manure as well as their compost remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the profiles of twelve antibiotics, seventeen ARGs, and class 1 integrase gene (intI1) in layer and broiler manure, and the corresponding compost at large-scale. Compared with layer manure, broiler manure exhibited approximately six times more residual tetracyclines, especially chlortetracycline. The relative abundances of qnrS and ermA genes in broiler manure were significantly higher than those in layer manure. The concentration of tetracyclines not only had a significantly positive correlation with tetracycline resistance genes (tetA and tetC) but was also positively correlated with quinolone resistance (qepA, qnrB, and qnrS) and macrolide resistance (ermA and ermT). Most ARGs in manure were reduced after composting. However, the relative abundance of sulfonamide resistance gene sul1 increased up to 2.41% after composting, which was significantly higher than that of broiler (0.41%) and layer (0.62%) manure. The associated bacterial community was characterized by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The relative abundances of thermophilic bacteria had significant positive correlations with the abundance of sul1 in compost. The composting has a significant impact on the ARG-associated gut microbes in poultry manure. Variation partitioning analysis indicated that the change of bacterial community compositions and antibiotics contributed partially to the shift in ARG profiles. The results indicate that at industry-scale production broiler manure had more antibiotics and ARGs than layer manure did, and composting decreased most ARG abundances in poultry manure except for sulfonamide resistance genes.

  相似文献   

13.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment contributes to the global rise in antibiotic resistant infections....  相似文献   

14.
堆肥对污泥中四环素类抗生素及抗性基因的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
近年来,抗生素及抗性基因的污染与扩散成为全球关注的热点。污泥,作为污水处理系统的副产物,是环境中抗生素抗性基因的重要存储库。污泥经堆肥后可作为肥料施用于农田,然而关于污泥堆肥过程中抗性基因丰度变化的研究却很少。对污泥堆肥过程中四环素类抗生素(四环素、土霉素和金霉素)和四环素类抗性基因(tet(A), tet(C), tet(M), tet(O)和tet(X))的动态变化进行了定量研究。结果表明,四环素、土霉素和金霉素的浓度经堆肥处理后分别减少85.6%, 91.4% 和 85.3%。高温是导致四环素类抗生素降解的主要因素。经堆肥处理后,tet(A)和tet(X)的相对丰度增加,tet(C)、tet(M)和tet(O)的相对丰度略微下降,说明堆肥处理对污泥中四环素类抗性基因的削减效果有限。  相似文献   

15.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have become an important public health problem. In this study, we used metagenomic sequencing to analyze the...  相似文献   

16.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) have been applied for antibiotic degradation but simultaneously induced antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), thus...  相似文献   

17.
The rapid development and increase of antibiotic resistance are global phenomena resulting from the extensive use of antibiotics in human clinics and animal feeding operations. Antibiotics can promote the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which can be transferred horizontally to humans and animals through water and the food chain. In this study, the presence and abundance of ARGs in livestock waste was monitored by quantitative PCR. A diverse set of bacteria and tetracycline resistance genes encoding ribosomal protection proteins (RPPs) from three livestock farms and a river were analyzed through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The abundance of sul(I) was 103 to 105 orders of magnitude higher than that of sul(II). Among 11 tet-ARGs, the most abundant was tet(O). The results regarding bacterial diversity indicated that the presence of antibiotics might have an evident impact on bacterial diversity at every site, particularly at the investigated swine producer. The effect of livestock waste on the bacterial diversity of soil was stronger than that of water. Furthermore, a sequencing analysis showed that tet(M) exhibited two genotypes, while the other RPPs-encoding genes exhibited at least three genotypes. This study showed that various ARGs and RPPs-encoding genes are particularly widespread among livestock.  相似文献   

18.
人工湿地中抗生素抗性大肠杆菌和抗性基因的去除与分布   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
抗生素的滥用导致抗生素抗性菌和抗性基因随生活污水和养殖废水的排放在环境中肆意散播,其去除及环境行为越来越受到关注。采用K-B纸片法测定了9套不同工艺构型模拟人工湿地中大肠杆菌对7种抗生素的抗性率,并应用多重PCR检测磺胺类sul1、2、3与四环素tetA、B、C、D抗性基因,探究人工湿地对抗性菌的去除效率及抗性菌、抗性基因的分布规律。结果显示,人工湿地能有效去除污水中70%左右的抗性大肠杆菌,有效降低了细菌抗性的传播风险;共计分离出535株大肠肝菌中有378株对一种以上抗生素有抗性性,以四环素、磺胺类和氨苄西林抗性率最高,达到25%以上,其他4种抗性率较低,不足20%;2种抗性基因的检出率都在70%以上;对不同采样点大肠杆菌的抗性性及抗性基因的比较发现,各部分大肠杆菌的抗性水平、多重抗性指数(MRI)以及抗性基因(sul、tet)检出率和组合数表现出:基质≥出水>进水,推测抗性菌被湿地基质截留,在基质生物膜上发生抗性基因的重组,并释放抗性菌,提高了出水中抗性水平和抗性基因检出率。  相似文献   

19.
孙丽华  丁宇  贺宁  段茜  张雅君 《环境工程学报》2019,13(10):2377-2384
采用生物粉末活性炭(BPAC)-超滤(UF)组合工艺去除控制二级出水中抗生素抗性基因(ARGs),并对ARGs的去除和BPAC缓解膜污染机制进行了探讨。结果表明:与直接超滤工艺相比,组合工艺对水中四环素类抗性基因(tetAtetW)、磺胺类抗性基因(sul Ⅰ、sul Ⅱ)以及溶解性有机碳(DOC)的去除效果均有较大的改善,这主要是由于BPAC对ARGs的吸附降解作用所致;水中16S rDNA、int Ⅰ 1和DOC含量与不同种类ARGs浓度具有显著相关性,强化上述指标的去除可有效促进ARGs的削减;在BPAC投加量较低时,组合工艺的膜比通量较直接UF有所提高,膜污染状况明显改善;直接UF时,膜污染状况与滤饼层过滤模型的拟合度最好,而组合工艺的膜污染状况与标准膜孔堵塞模型和滤饼层过滤模型拟合度均较好。BPAC-UF组合工艺是一种较好的去除ARGs的工艺。  相似文献   

20.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fishmeal is a fundamental ingredient of feedstuffs and is used globally in aquaculture. However, there are few data on the antibiotic resistance genes...  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号