丹参川芎嗪联合黄芪注射液治疗稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效观察

评价丹参川芎嗪注射液与黄芪注射液合用治疗稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效．将64例稳定型心绞痛患者随机分为两组,治疗组32例用丹参川芎嗪注射液与黄芪注射液各20ml加入5％葡萄糖250mL中静脉输注,每日1次,14d1疗程,用药1疗程;对照组32例用黄芪注射液20ml加入5％葡萄糖250mL中静脉输注,每日1次,14d1疗程,用药1疗程．观察两组临床症状、心电图、血脂等指标．治疗组临床总有效率为93．7％,心电图总有效率为71．9％;对照组分别为53．1％和46．9％,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）．治疗组治疗后血液流变学指标显著降低（P〈0．01）．丹参川芎嗪注射液与黄芪注射液联合治疗稳定型心绞痛疗效确切．表3,表8．     

中西医结合治疗慢性胃窦炎50例临床观察

将50例慢性胃窦炎患者随机分为两组，治疗50例在对照组的基础上同时服用中药以疏肝理气和胃降逆为主。对照组的50例口服，果胶铋，羟氨苄胶囊，替硝唑治疗，两组以15d为1疗程，共治疗2个疗程．治疗组治愈32例，总有效率94．8％；对照组治愈25例，总有效率为77．8％，治率组的总有效率明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）．结果表明：中西医结合治疗慢性胃窦炎具有较好的临床疗效．     

斯奇康联合糖皮质激素对初治原发性肾病综合症患儿疗效观察

目的观察糖皮质激素联合斯奇康对初治原发性肾病综合症患儿缓解率和复发率的影响.方法将我院确诊的108例初发肾病综合症病人随机分为对照组和治疗组.对照组病例给予足量泼尼松治疗,治疗组病人在对照组病人治疗方案基础上给予斯奇康肌肉注射.记录两组病人缓解率和复发率.结果两组病人在随访1个月后缓解率无明显差别,随访2月、6月时,治疗组患者缓解率较对照组升高.治疗2月后,治疗组血清IgG、IgA、IgM显著增高(P0.05).随访1 a,与对照组相比,治疗组肾病综合症复发人次数显著减少,缓解率增加.结论糖皮质激素联合卡介苗多糖核酸治疗肾病综合症,可以提高缓解率,减少复发率.表3,参15.     

平消胶囊在配合恶性肿瘤放疗中的临床效果观察

目的:探讨平消胶囊在配合恶性肿瘤放疗中的临床效果.方法:将我院60例恶性肿瘤患者随机分为治疗组及对照组,两组患者均给予放疗,对照组未服用任何中药,治疗组服用平消胶囊.结果:治疗后两组患者的食欲、睡眠均有所改善,治疗组的有效率为50.0%,显著高于对照组的26.7%,治疗组患者治疗的生存质量较对照组明显提高,以上差异有统计学意义(P0.05).治疗组化疗药物引起的恶心呕吐、白细胞下降、头晕、合并感染、血红蛋白减少、脱发等发生均较对照组明显减少(P0.05).结论:平消胶囊用于配合恶性肿瘤放疗中能有效控制肿瘤生长,提高机体的免疫功能,并能提高患者的生存质量,减轻放化疗毒副作用、保证放化疗顺利完成,从而延长患者生命的作用,值得进一步研究及推广.表3,参5.     

综合护理干预对消化性溃疡患者的效果评价

目的评价综合护理干预对消化性溃疡患者临床治疗效果.方法选取南华大学附属南华医院收治的168例消化性溃疡患者作为研究对象,将患者随机分为干预组和对照组,每组84例,干预组在对照组基础上,结合心理干预、认知干预、饮食干预、用药干预、健康教育等综合护理干预措施,对照组患者仅仅给予常规治疗与护理,比较两组临床疗效的差异.结果干预组总有效率90.5%,对照组总有效率76.2%,干预组明显优于对照组,经统计学处理差异有显著性(P0.05).结论对消化性溃疡患者实施积极地心理干预等综合护理干预措施,能够提高患者对疾病的认知水平,有效提高治疗效果.     

黄精多糖乳膏治疗单纯疱疹性豚鼠阴道炎的疗效研究

三种浓度(0．5％，1．5％，5％)的黄精多糖乳膏能明显治疗单纯疱疹病毒性豚鼠阴道炎，用药组豚鼠的外阴病变积分值显著低于模型对照组，这三种浓度的黄精多糖乳膏能治疗单纯疱疹病毒引发的豚鼠外阴红肿、溃破等病变，并能降低患病豚鼠的死亡率，其中以1．5％浓度乳膏的疗效相对较好．各浓度试验组黄精多糖乳膏并能显著降低感染HSV—2 Sav strain病毒的豚鼠阴道分泌物中病毒的毒力．临床预试验表明，1．5％黄精多糖乳膏与3％无环鸟苷乳膏疗效相近．图1表3参19     

糖萜素对早期断奶仔猪血液生化指标及免疫机能的影响研究

本试验研究了添加糖萜素对早期断奶仔猪血液生化指标及免疫机能的影响．选用21日龄左右健康无病、体重基本一致的杜长大猪进行饲喂试验，随机分为5组，每组3个重复，每重复8头猪，自由采食和自由饮水．试验设计为：第Ⅰ组为对照组，第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在每公斤基础日粮中分别加入250rag、500rag糖萜素，第Ⅳ、Ⅴ组在每公斤基础日粮中分别加入250mg糖萜素＋4mg黄霉素、4mg黄霉素，结果表明：①糖萜素与黄霉素单用及联用均能提高仔猪血清中’IP、GLO和G／A的值。而以第Ⅲ组的效果最好．②糖萜素与黄霉素单用及联用均能显著提高血清IgA（P〈0．01），与对照组相比分别提高43．21%、104．89％、73．21％、27．74％，IgG（P〈0．05）而对IgM无显著影响（P〉0．05），CD3均有一定程度的提高（P〉0．05）．③血清中BUN试验组比对照组分别提高2．67％、2．96％、2．8l％、2．52％，各试验组间差异不显著（P〉0．05），对血清中GLU影响不大．④血清中GOT、GPT、ALK（均有所提高，但差异不显著（P〉0．05），而LDH活性与对照组相比分别下降2．7l％、4．02％、2．96％、1．65％，糖萜素与黄霉素的联合应用表现一定的协同作用，但效果不显著．     

COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者无创通气的护理体会

探讨COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭神志清楚患者无创通气的护理体会.方法:南华大学附属第一医院呼吸内科2009年1月-2012年2月收治的98例COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭应用无创正压通气治疗的清醒患者,随机分为护理干预组(观察组)与对照组各49例,其中观察组给予系统的护理干预;对照组仅采取一般护理措施.比较两组患者治疗后呼吸参数.结果:护理干预组的pH、PaO2、SaO2等参数明显高于对照组,而PaCO2明显低于对照组.表1,参5.     

护理干预对前列腺增生症患者术前焦虑情绪的影响

探讨护理干预对前列腺增生症患者术前焦虑情绪的影响．方法将120例拟行经尿道前列腺电切术的前列腺增生症患者随机分为干预组和对照组,各60例．对照组予以常规护理,干预组在此基础上给予护理干预,采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）测量两组患者入院后（干预前）及手术前（干预后）焦虑值．结果干预组手术前SAS评分较入院后明显降低（P〈0．05）,且明显低于同期对照组（P〈0．05）．结论护理干预在缓解前列腺增生症患者术前焦虑,积极调整心理状态方面优于一般心理护理．表1,参5．     

健康教育者的沟通能力对教育依从性的影响

了解健康教育者的沟通能力对教育依从性的影响．其方法是从2008年1月至2009年9月在南华大学附属南华医院体检中心进行体检的人员中抽取140名血压处于高血压病前期,存在2种以上高血压危险因素的体检者．将其随机分为二组,并将教育者按沟通能力强、弱分为A、B二组（A组沟通能力强于B组）,进行健康教育,包括疾病认知、疾病危险因素（含饮酒、吸烟、高盐高脂饮食、运动）等方面的干预指导;并对干预前、后疾病认知及危险因素增减进行对比．结果表明通过1年健康教育,A、B两组疾病认知率明显提高,疾病危险因素明显减少;两组干预前、后对比差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）．但两组的干预效果仍存在较大差异,两组疾病认知率提高之差为15．7％、饮酒下降率之差为12．9％、吸烟下降率之差为22．9％、高盐高脂饮食下降率之差为17．2％、较少活动减少率之差为11．5％．两组干预效果比较差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）．结论健康教育者的沟通能力对教育的依从性有较大影响,提高教育者的沟通能力是做好健康教育的重要环节．表3,参12．     

深黄伞形霉(Umbelopsis isabellina)华2-1产油发酵培养条件优化

为开发微生物油脂资源,从富含油脂的土样中分离获得一株产油脂微生物——深黄伞形霉(Umbelopsisisabellina)华2-1,油脂含量达48.60%.采用单因素和正交实验方法,对深黄伞形霉华2-1的发酵培养条件进行优化研究.优化的培养条件为:葡萄糖100 g/L,酵母粉3 g/L,接种量为20%,初始pH值为5.0～6.0,MgSO4.7H2O和KH2PO4的添加浓度分别为0.5 g/L和2 g/L,培养温度为31℃,最佳发酵培养时间为168 h.华2-1在优化发酵条件下可获得菌体生物量、油脂产量和油脂含量分别为45.86 g/L、24.47 g/L和59.53%,较优化前分别提高了21.48%、33.42%和22.49%.因此,深黄伞形霉华2-1作为微生物油脂生产的新资源具有广阔的应用前景.     

Post natal antioxidant enzyme activity of rat brain regions during developmental lead exposure

This study reports the effects of low level developmental Pb exposure on specific brain regions like hippocampus, cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres of antioxidant enzyme activities. Wistar dams were exposed to 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 500 ppm of Pb acetate in drinking water during pregnancy and lactation (gestation day 6 through PND 21 (post natal day) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GR) were determined in the hippocampus, cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres of pups during treatment period (PND 7, 14, and 21 days) and also during withdrawl period (PND 35, 45, 60 and 90 days). During treatment period, SOD activity significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in all regions of all the treated groups with maximum decrease in 500 ppm treated group of 21 days, while GSH-Px and GR activities increased with maximum increase in 21 days aged 500 ppm group. During withdrawl period, the activities of all enzymes were significantly (p < 0.05) reversed. Thus the perinatal exposure of dams to variable dosages of low level lead results in characteristic neurochemical alterations in rat brain regions due to impaired antioxidants function.     

Opposite response of phosphorus sorption to pH and ionic strength: a comparative study in two different shallow lake sediments

Phosphorus (P) sediment sorption is regarded as the most important buffering process against P increases in overlying water. In this study, two shallow eutrophic sediments (Mei and Hua) with distinct compositions were selected to assess effects of pH (from 6 to 9) and ionic strength (IS) (0, 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 M KCl) on P sorption. In Mei sediments, the P sorption decreased as pH increased (6.97–9.13), but it increased as IS increased over the pH range in question. These results could be attributed to the negatively charged surface of Mei sediments, as indicated by the salt titration curve, and the high cation exchange capacity (CEC). P sorption in Hua sediments was facilitated by a pH increase (6.12–7.49), but it was hindered by an IS increase. A reasonable explanation for this phenomenon is that calcium phosphate precipitates at high pHs and that Cl^? exchanges with P because the surface is weakly charged (small CEC). These results indicate that the sediment P sorption may have trends opposite to one another in relation to the salt change (e.g. drought and rainy season) in the lake water between the two sediments. These data provide additional support to explain P concentration variations in lakes.     

中国东部浅水湖泊沉积物总氮总磷基准阈值研究

受人类活动的影响,东部浅水湖泊沉积物中总氮、总磷负荷很高,当外来污染源得到控制时,底泥中的营养盐会逐渐释放出来,对湖泊水质与生态系统影响很大。为合理削减湖泊内源污染,控制沉积物中营养盐向上覆水体释放,研究制定东部浅水湖泊沉积物总氮、总磷基准阈值,分别测定了100个湖泊的896个表层沉积物样品和8个典型湖泊11个柱芯的沉积物总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）含量,分析了沉积物TN、TP浓度剖面分布特征。通过频度分布法对100个湖泊沉积物总氮总磷的污染状况进行评价,通过背景值比较法确定了8个典型湖泊沉积物的TN、TP背景值。结果表明,100个湖泊的表层沉积物TN浓度范围在479.70~5 573.65 mg·kg-1,TP浓度范围在248.44~1000.33 mg·kg-1,不同湖泊表层沉积物中TN、TP值差异较大。8个典型湖泊沉积物总氮、总磷含量整体上表现出随着深度增加而下降变化趋势,在深层沉积物中含量保持稳定。所调查8个湖泊TN均值为1443.83 mg·kg-1,变化范围为247.45~3719.46 mg·kg-1,各湖泊中TN均值表现为：沱湖〉焦岗湖〉花园湖〉七里湖〉北民湖〉大通湖〉城东湖〉瓦埠湖;TP均值为519.62 mg·kg-1,变化范围为225.41~1944.89 mg·kg-1,各湖泊中TP均值表现为：北民湖〉大通湖〉七里湖〉焦岗湖〉沱湖〉瓦埠湖〉城东湖〉花园湖。不同湖泊沉积物总氮、总磷背景值差异很大。通过对100个湖泊表层沉积物TN、TP的频度分析发现,沉积物营养盐含量上25%点位对应的TP质量浓度398.51mg·kg-1,TN质量浓度为1106.24 mg·kg-1,沉积物营养盐含量下25%点位对应的TP质量浓度664.58 mg·kg-1,TN质量浓度为2916.66 mg·kg-1。通过互相之间的比较分析,推荐采用背景值比较法确定的各湖泊沉积物总氮、总磷背景值均值与频度分步法25%点位对应的总氮值和40%点位对应的总磷值作为东部浅水湖泊沉积物总氮、总磷基准阈值。因此,?     

1,2,4-三氯苯对铜钱草染毒的毒性响应及其机理

以水培铜钱草为材料,研究1,2,4-三氯苯(1,2,4-TCB)染毒引起植株叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和可溶性蛋白含量等生理指标的毒性响应,并从叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量及各种抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD))的改变探讨了1,2,4-TCB的毒性作用机理.结果表明,1,2,4-TCB(5、10 mg.L-1)处理后,铜钱草叶片各种生理代谢指标与1,2,4-TCB处理之间呈现一定浓度-效应和时间-效应关系,但与对照组间无显著的统计学差异.叶绿素含量、叶绿素a/b和可溶性蛋白均随着1,2,4-TCB处理时间延长先升高后降低;MDA含量随处理时间延长先升高后降低,随浓度增加而增加;SOD和POD活性随处理时间和浓度增加先升高后降低;CAT活性变化不明显.在10 mg.L-11,2,4-TCB处理4—6 d时,各种抗氧化酶活性均达到最大.高浓度1,2,4-TCB(15、20 mg.L-1)处理铜钱草的抗氧化酶活性与对照组相比,均显著降低,且各处理组间也呈现统计学差异.     

The effect of chronic formaldehyde exposure on the hippocampus in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic formaldehyde (FA) exposure on the hippocampus in the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model. Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: (A) sham-operated bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) with room air inhalation, (B) BCCAO with room air inhalation, (C) sham-operated BCCAO with FA inhalation at a concentration of 10?mL?vapor?m^?3, 1?h per day for 90 days, and (D) BCCAO with FA inhalation. Decreased mobility, injected conjunctivae, and overreaction were observed in groups C and D rats after 30 days of FA exposure. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased significantly in group D at 90 days after FA exposure. The expression of Bax protein increased, while Bcl-2 and NR2B proteins decreased significantly in group D compared to group B or C. Neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) positive cells decreased significantly in group D. Neuronal loss, oxidative stress, and the expression of proteins were more prominent at 90 days after FA exposure, especially in group D. Oxidative stress-induced neuronal damages in the hippocampus may be a possible mechanism of neurotoxicity as a result of chronic FA exposure. Chronic exposure of FA caused more neuronal damage in the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model.     

Therapeutic effect of melatonin against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity in cerebellum of albino mice

The therapeutic effect of melatonin (MEL) against aluminum (Al)-induced neurotoxicity was investigated in mouse cerebellum. Two groups of male albino mice were intraperitoneally injected with Al acetate or MEL alone, at doses of 3.5 or 7?mg?kg^?1?day^?1, respectively, for 6 weeks. During this period, another group of animals received a combination of both Al and MEL (3.5?+?7?mg?kg^?1?day^?1). At the end of the treatment cerebellum was removed and processed to examine the oxidative stress markers: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS). Oxidative stress increased significantly with administration of Al which was estimated by increased TBA-RS and reduction in the activities of SOD and CAT. However, these alterations were significantly reversed significantly following MEL treatment which was observed in co-administered group. Protective effects of MEL were also observed at electron microscopic level. Ultrastructural studies revealed an increase in vacuolization, chromatin condensation within the nucleus, degenerated purkinje cell, degenerated axon and degenerated granule cells in the cerebellum of Al-treated mice group whereas concurrent administration of MEL with Al reduced these changes. The results of the present investigation emphasize the potential use of MEL as a supplement in therapy of free radical based neurological disorders in which oxidative stress is involved.     

Effect of ultra-micro powder Dendrobium officinale on the molecular diversity of intestinal bacteria in mice with spleen-deficiency constipation北大核心CSCD

This research aimed to study the effect of ultra-micro powder Dendrobium officinale on the molecular diversity of intestinal bacteria in mice with spleen-deficiency constipation, in order to provide scientific basis for ultra-micro D. officinale therapy. The mice with spleen-deficiency constipation in treatment groups were respectively given the traditional decoction of D. officinale and 50% dose ultra-micro powder D. officinale. The metagenome DNA of intestinal flora was extracted from intestinal contents. Then ARDRA analysis was made after PCR by universal primer of bacteria. The results showed that OTUs, Shannon index and Brillouin index were the same between the normal group and the 50% dose ultra-micro powder group, and between the model group and the traditional decoction group, but greater in the former two groups than the latter ones. The similarity coefficient (0.500 0) was bigger between the 50% dose ultra-micro powder group and the normal group than between the model group and the traditional decoction group, which was 0.181 8. Both cluster analysis and principal components analysis showed that the molecular diversity of intestinal microbiotia in mice of 50% dose ultra-micro powder group was the closest to that in the normal group. The results showed that the weakened molecular diversity of intestinal bacteria in mice with spleen-deficiency constipation can be regulated by the two kinds of D. officinale treatments to different extent. The efficacy of 50% dose ultra-micro powder D. officinale is better than the traditional decoction.     

四联疗法治疗消化性溃疡的疗效观察

观察奥美拉唑、枸橼酸铋钾、阿莫西林及呋喃唑酮四联疗法对消化性溃疡的疗效.方法选取96例消化性溃疡、幽门螺杆菌(HP)阳性患者,给予口服奥美拉唑20 mg+枸橼酸铋钾240 mg+阿莫西林1 g+呋喃唑酮200mg2,次/日,共14日,观察症状,并复查胃镜和HP感染情况.结果绝大部分患者症状消失,行胃镜检查和HP检测,显示溃疡面治愈或明显好转,并HP转为阴性.结论四联疗法治疗消化性溃疡的疗效可靠,副作用少,价格便宜,值得临床推广.参10.