韶石山丹霞地貌地学成因史话

韶石山丹霞地貌的形成是经历了河湖盆地堆积—红岩抬升成台地—江流再冲刷剥蚀的全过程，是晚第三纪以来产物，已有2000余万年的演变历史。韶石山山水环境佳绝，新石器时代已有先民生息，历代多名人赞咏。     

韶石山风景区岩石中的名胜古迹

韶石古道是古代上京古道的一段。韶石山是唐宋以来的旅游胜地，岩洞、崖壁中遗留众多的名胜古迹，如岩庙、石寨、石刻石雕、岩画、岩棺墓等珍贵的历史遗迹。     

矸石山绿化

矸石山绿化这个综合性问题,并非研究不常见的表面平坦或缓倾斜,以后又可为农业所利用的那些矸石山,而是研究在尽量缩小矸石山占地面积的情况下,如何合理利用矸石山。这种矸石山既无平坦的表面,也没有缓倾斜的表面,是煤炭开采后所遗留的普通矸石山。从矸石山的形状来看,呈几何形、棱角形或陡峭形的矸石山,无论无雪还是有雪覆盖,都令人讨厌,呈园形或显露平坦、斜坡的矸石山,无论夏天或冬天,都令人注目。     

粤北丹霞地貌三名山

介绍丹霞地貌沿革，粤北丹霞地貌的构成，丹霞山、部石山、金鸡岭的丹霞地貌特征．以及其地史演化。丹霞地貌的景观特色是丹崖、岩洞、峰林、幽谷、天生桥、具有石奇、崖雄、峰险、山幽的美学和旅游价值。     

阜新市煤矸石山的综合治理

分析了煤矸石山对空气、水、土壤等环境的影响。针对阜新矿区煤矸石山的现状，介绍了煤矸石山自燃治理、煤矸石综合利用途径和煤矸石山造林绿化的有效方法，提出了对阜新市煤矸石山综合治理工作的几点建议。     

谈煤矿自燃矸石山的治理技术

本文介绍了我国煤矿自燃矸石山的几种典型治理技术及国内外为防止矸石山自燃而采取的措施，建议今后在进一步完善矸石山灭火技术的同时，更应采取有效措施，做到防患于未“燃”。     

无土煤矸石山绿化技术试验研究

煤矸石是煤矿主要固体废物之一,也是治理工作的一大难题。本课题着重调查无土煤矸石山的生态特点,采用不同的方法,种植适于矸石山的先锋植物,用植物覆盖煤矸石山,消除污染,已取得很好的效果,为煤矸石山绿化(人工营造植被)提供一种草、灌、乔结合的模式经验。     

煤矸石的处理与处置途径

我国煤矸石排放量大，本文分析并讨论了国内所采用的煤矸石处理与处置方法，提出了矸石山处置方法，系统介绍了矸石山的绿化措施。     

注浆法治理自燃矸石山的实践

本文探索了注浆法治理自燃矸石山的机理，简单介绍了注浆法的灭火工艺及设计思路，通过对平顶山西斜排矸场的实地灭火，取得了良好的社会、环境和经济效益，证明注浆法治理煤矿自燃矸石山是可行的。     

矸石山淋溶水污染模式的研究

掘进和选煤厂的矸石,不管是合排还是分排,在不具备回填条件或矸石综合利用率低的一般情况下,几乎都是起山排放。目前,矸石山的淋溶污染预测研究还仅仅处于起步阶段,活跃预测工作的研究,完善模式的构成参数,深化对矸石山的系统认识,对提高环境影响评价水平是大有裨益的。     

脆弱地质景观评价体系研究—以江西鹰潭龙虎山丹霞地貌景观为例

我国地质资源开发过程中对外部环境的抗干扰能力低、自身稳定性差、易破碎或消亡的脆弱地质景观缺乏足够认识。本文运用层次分析法建立脆弱地质景观评价体系,包含脆弱性和景观性两方面九个评价因子,并对评价因子赋值及划分脆弱地质景观等级。运用脆弱地质景观评价体系评价龙虎山丹霞地貌30处代表性景观,所得结果与实际调查吻合,且可为地质遗迹保护提供参考。     

龙虎山世界地质公园丹霞景观特征及其科学价值

江西龙虎山世界地质公园是一个集地质、地貌、人文、自然生态景观为一体的综合性地质公园,其中以丹霞地貌景观最具特色。它是国内发育老年早期丹霞地貌的典型地区之一,以孤峰、峰林、残丘等丹霞地貌景观为特色。公园内拥有丹霞地貌景观、丹霞水体景观、丹霞生态景观和丹霞文化景观等4大丹霞类型。地质公园的地质遗迹记录了中生代以来地球历史的丰富信息和演化过程,展示了世界上一些重要地质事件的突出证据;孕育了分布最密集、造型最精美的造型石;是世界上极具濒危的中华秋沙鸭最大群体的越冬地;古崖墓文化、道教文化、佛教文化等历史人文遗迹以其独特的方式融汇在具有突出价值的自然美之中,构成了人与自然和谐共处的最富特色的例证。这些具有国际意义的自然现象、自然演化过程和杰出的天然美景集中展示于公园,具有不可替代的美学价值、科学价值和重要的保护意义。     

广丰盆地白垩纪红层及其地貌景观发育研究

广丰白垩纪盆地中沉积一套冲积扇相和湖相以红色为主的沉积岩系,其岩石类型为砾岩、砂砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩以及透镜状淡水灰岩.在盆地的西南部和东南部,受盆地边界断层和红层岩性制约,形成以复式单斜山、石寨、石蜂、峰林、石柱、石崖、巷谷、一线天、造型石等丹霞地貌景观类型,地貌发育处于壮年期.本文主要阐述广丰盆地红层、构造发育、丹霞地貌景观特征及其相互关系.     

江西信江盆地红层及其地貌发育研究

江西信江盆地丹霞地貌的成景地层为晚白垩系陆相红色碎屑岩,红层的厚度、岩石学和地球化学特征及其在盆地内出露制约着丹霞地貌的发育、景观类型及其组合以及在盆地内的分布.信江盆地边缘主要出露茅店组、河口组和莲荷组巨厚层砾岩、含砾砂岩和砂岩,以铁质胶结和少量钙质胶结为主,可溶性成分含量低,这些红层以发育高大的顶斜型峰林型、峰丛型丹霞地貌组合为特征.盆地中部的河口组上部和塘边组地层含砾砂岩和砂岩为主,以钙质胶结为主,可溶性成分含量较低,常发育低矮的圆丘状丹霞地貌组合为特征,大型岩洞是其典型的景观类型.过渡地带主要为河口组上部、塘边组和莲荷组下部的砂岩、含砾砂岩,丹霞地貌只发育于断层或河流发育地区,以顶平型丹霞地貌组合为特征.以钙泥质胶结为主,可溶性成分含量高的细碎屑岩中一般不发育丹霞地貌.     

浙江江郎山丹霞地貌地质成因分析及景观保护

江郎山以“壁立万仞”的三神峰而闻名于世。其中 ,郎峰被誉为“神州丹霞第一峰”。一线天被认为是中国丹霞一线天之最。本文从区域地质背景、地层、岩性、构造及风化作用等方面对江郎山丹霞地貌的成因作了分析并对江郎山景观的保护从成因方面作一阐述。对江郎山旅游资源的可持续性开发和利用有一定的指导作用     

北江万古流

北江是珠江水系第二大支流，全长582km，流域面积有4.7×105km2。北江是晚第三纪以来形成发育的，塑造了著名的丹霞地貌峡谷。水力、矿产、动植物和旅游资源丰富。     

Toxic effects of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination on nifH gene in soil

Toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity （both in gene richness and diversity index values） and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor （50 mg/kg） recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos （150 mg/kg） caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos （250 mg/kg） produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. Toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes （bands） responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals： four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.     

Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize （Zea mays L.） grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.     

Degradation of metabolites accumulated of benzo[a]pyrene by coupling Penicillium Chrysogenum with KMnO4

Several main metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） formed by Penicillium chrysogenum, Benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-quinone （BP 1,6- quinone）, trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene （BP 7,8-diol）, 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene （3-OHBP）, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The three metabolites were liable to be accumulated and were hardly further metabolized because of their toxicity to microorganisms. However, their further degradation was essential for the complete degradation of BaP. To enhance their degradation, two methods, degradation by coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 and degradation only by Penicillium chrysogenum, were compared; Meanwhile, the parameters of degradation in the superior method were optimized. The results showed that （1） the method of coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 was better and was the first method to be used in the degradation of BaP and its metabolites; （2） the metabolite, BP 1,6-quinone was the most liable to be accumulated in pure cultures; （3） the effect of degradation was the best when the concentration of KMnO4 in the cultures was 0.01% （w/v）, concentration of the three compounds was 5 mg/L and pH was 6.2. Based on the experimental results, a novel concept with regard to the bioremediation of BaP-contaminated environment was discussed, considering the influence on environmental toxicity of the accumulated metabolites.