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在污泥处置策略中,污泥碱式干化被认同是一种安全可靠的处置方式。而我国由于大多采用较为原始的推送装置,不仅石灰消耗量大,而且污泥稳定化效果差,难以实现污泥性状的改善。利用自主研发的高效混合器,在脱水污泥中添加质量分数为5%、7%、10%、12%和15%的500目工业石灰后,分别测定添加后污泥的温度、pH、粪大肠菌值以及臭味强度的变化,并采用模糊数学法评价了添加不同比例的石灰对污泥的稳定化效果,结果表明:添加不同比例的工业用生石灰后,污泥的温度从原污泥的30℃分别升高到32.0、36.0、39.2、41.0和43.3℃;污泥中的pH从原污泥的6.5左右均升高到12以上;粪大肠菌值从原污泥的1.08×10-8 g/MPN均降为0.01 g/MPN以下;臭味强度从5级降为2级以下;污泥稳定化程度高,模糊综合评价结果都为一级。因此,添加5%的石灰即可实现污泥的稳定化。 相似文献
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通过对金矿矿区炼金废渣的酸中和能力、净产酸量及浸出毒性实验,测定了废渣的产酸潜力及重金属砷、镉、铅、锌的总量和它们的浸出量。为了合理处置矿区炼金废渣,并为矿区重金属污染土壤的修复提供技术支持,采用石灰、粉煤灰、堆肥化污泥作为添加剂对废渣进行固化/稳定化处理;通过浸出毒性实验对固化/稳定化处理效果进行综合分析,试图寻求一种最佳的稳定剂。结果表明,无论是单独添加石灰、粉煤灰或者堆肥化污泥还是两两组合混合添加,样品浸出液的pH都有升高,As、Cd的浸出浓度都有明显下降,而且两两组合添加比单独添加的固化/稳定化处理效果更好。在两两组合添加中,粉煤灰混合堆肥化污泥的处理效果最好,浸出液的pH值达到7.82,As、Cd的浸出率分别下降72.0%和72.2%。说明粉煤灰混合堆肥化污泥处理炼金废渣效果最佳,同时具有以废治污的资源化生态效能。 相似文献
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《环境工程学报》2016,(10)
以粉煤灰、干化污泥、粉碎花生壳、硫酸亚铁(Fe_2SO_4)和磷酸二氢钾(KH_2PO_4)为稳定剂对矿区高浓度As污染土壤进行处理,通过土壤理化性质、重金属形态和浸出浓度变化等综合评估稳定剂对高浓度砷污染土壤的稳定化处理效果。结果表明,添加稳定剂可以提高土壤pH值、有机质含量和阳离子交换量。粉煤灰、干化污泥、粉碎花生壳、硫酸亚铁对土壤中的As有较好的稳定化作用,其中硫酸亚铁对土壤中As的稳定效果最好。同时添加10%粉煤灰、10%干化污泥和1%硫酸亚铁后,土壤中可交换态As、碳酸盐结合态As、铁锰氧化物结合态As、有机结合态As含量显著降低,降幅分别为62.3%、55.2%、29.6%、58.2%,残渣态As含量增加8.1%。添加粉煤灰、干化污泥、硫酸亚铁能显著降低土壤中As的浸出浓度,而添加KH_2PO_4会使土壤中As浸出浓度增加,移动性增强。当同时添加10%粉煤灰、10%干化污泥、1%粉碎花生壳和1%硫酸亚铁后,As浸出浓度最低(0.93 mg·L~(-1)),稳定效果最好,稳定化效率达到了74.8%。土壤中As的浸出浓度与可交换态As和碳酸盐结合态As呈显著正相关,与残渣态As呈显著负相关,可交换态As、碳酸盐结合态As和残渣态-As含量是影响土壤中As浸出浓度变化的主要因素。 相似文献
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采用以硫酸亚铁(FeSO4)为主要成分的复合脱水剂作为疏浚泥浆脱水剂(以下简称脱水剂),黄沙、炉渣、煤灰、石灰和粉煤灰分别作为疏浚底泥干化改良剂进行实验研究。结果表明,在脱水剂投加量为100 mg/L条件下,可以提高沉淀效率约20%;在投加脱水剂及5%石灰、粉煤灰、炉渣改良剂的条件下,底泥比阻值下降50%~70%;初期渗水速率提高6%~68%;与原泥相比,以黄沙、炉渣、煤灰为改良剂的底泥,经过4个月干化期后,承载力提高了30%~150%。本研究为疏浚底泥快速脱水干化提供了一种可行的技术途径。 相似文献
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钝化材料复配对土壤Cd生物有效性的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为了得到效果好的复配钝化材料,采用正交设计,通过培养实验探讨生物炭、粉煤灰、汉白玉3种钝化材料不同复配方式对土壤pH的影响和对镉(Cd)的钝化效果,从中筛选出6种效果较好的复配方式,并以小白菜为供试植物,通过盆栽实验和大田实验探讨了钝化材料复配对土壤Cd生物有效性的影响。结果表明:3种钝化材料不同复配方式均能显著提高土壤pH,降低土壤有效Cd含量,统计分析发现钝化材料复配过程中对Cd降幅的影响表现为汉白玉粉煤灰生物炭。钝化材料添加后,盆栽和大田条件下小白菜可食部位Cd含量均显著降低,综合2种实验条件下小白菜生物量和可食部位Cd含量的变化,1.5%生物炭+1.5%粉煤灰+0.5%汉白玉、1%生物炭+0.5%粉煤灰+1%汉白玉2种复配方式效果最好。 相似文献
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《环境工程学报》2017,(10)
为研究污泥石灰低温干燥特性,分别向脱水污泥中投加0%、3%、5%、7%、10%、12%和15%的石灰,对投加石灰后污泥低温干燥过程中含水率和干燥速率变化进行了研究,并对干燥后冷凝液的性质进行了分析。结果表明:低温条件下,向污泥中投加石灰后,污泥干燥过程中的含水率迅速降低,石灰投加比与混合后污泥初始含水率呈线性关系,与污泥临界含水率呈二次函数关系;投加石灰可以提高污泥的最大干燥速率;用干污泥代替部分石灰对污泥进行干燥,既可降低成本,又不影响干燥效率;污泥石灰低温干燥的冷凝液呈弱碱性,随着石灰投加比的增加,冷凝液中COD和TOC浓度降低,NH+4-N浓度略有升高,但冷凝液中污染物浓度均较低,可不经处理直接排入城镇污水处理系统。 相似文献
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In this study, the strength of soft cohesive subgrade soil was improved by applying sewage sludge ash as a soil stabilizer. Test results obtained were compared with earlier tests conducted on soil samples treated with fly ash. Five different proportions of sludge ash and fly ash were mixed with soft cohesive soil, and tests such as pH value, compaction, California bearing ratio, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and triaxial compression were performed to understand soil strength improvement because of the addition of both ashes. Results indicate that pH values increase with extending curing age for soil with sludge ash added. The UCS of sludge ash/soil were 1.4-2 times better than untreated soil. However, compressive strength of sludge ash/soil was 20-30 kPa less than fly ash/soil. The bearing capacities for both fly ash/soil and sludge ash/soil were five to six times and four times, respectively, higher than the original capacity. Moreover, the cohesive parameter of shear strength rose with increased amounts of either ash added. Friction angle, however, decreased with increased amounts of either ash. Consequently, results show that sewage sludge ash can potentially replace fly ash in the improvement of the soft cohesive soil. 相似文献
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Pichtel JR 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1990,63(3):225-237
Microbial respiration within a Fox sandy loam and a Blount silt loam was assessed after addition of acidic (pH 3.5) and alkaline (pH 12.2) fly ash (FoxAC, BlountAC, FoxAK and BlountAK, respectively). At the 20% alkaline ash rate, respiration was completely inhibited in the FoxAK and reduced by 97% in the BlountAK. In contrast, the 20% acidic ash rate reduced respiration in the FoxAC by 28% and in the BlountAC by 33%. Co-application of 5% composted sewage sludge to the ash-soil mixtures (FoxSSAC, BlountSSAC, FoxSSAK and BlountSSAK, respectively) improved respiration in both soils except for the 20% alkaline ash rate. Soil electrical conductivity, and concentrations of B, Mo, exchangeable Al and soluble anions were not closely associated with inhibition of respiration. In contrast, high pH appeared associated with decrease in respiration. Ecological Dose 50% (EcD(50)) values of the sewage-amended treatments were greater than for those of the non-sludge treatments for each sampling date as a result of the ameliorating properties of the sludge. 相似文献
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Effects of lime amendment on availability of heavy metals and maturation in sewage sludge composting 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
A batch composting study was performed to evaluate the feasibility of co-composting sewage sludge with lime, aiming at reducing the availability of heavy metals in the sludge compost. Sewage sludge with sawdust as bulking agent was amended with lime at 0, 0.63, 1.0, and 1.63% w/w, and composted for 100 days in laboratory batch reactors. The changes in temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and extractable heavy metal contents were measured while compost maturity was determined by C/N(organic) and cress seed germination during the composting period. Liming raised pH of compost effectively at the initial stage of composting and caused a decrease in EC through precipitation of soluble ions. Lime amendment also significantly reduced water-soluble and Diethylene triamine pentracetic acid (DTPA)-extractable metal contents. The maximum reductions were 60 and 40% for Cu, 80 and 40% for Mn, 55 and 10% for Zn, and 20 and 25% for Ni at the end of the composting period for the lime-amended sludge as compared to the control. In spite of the inhibitory effect of lime amendment on the decomposition activity of sewage sludge, all treatments reached maturation after 63 days of composting as indicated by the results of C/N(organic) ratio and cress seed germination test results. A lime amendment of < or =1.0% is recommended to co-compost with sewage sludge. 相似文献
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The removal of phosphate in digested sludge supernatant by modified coal fly ash was investigated in this study. Modification of the fly ash by the addition of sulfuric acid could significantly enhance its immobilization ability. The experimental results also showed that adsorption of phosphate by the modified fly ash was rapid with the removal percentage of phosphate reaching an equilibrium of 98.62% in less than 5 minutes. The optimum pH for phosphate removal was 9 and the removal percentage increased with increasing adsorbent dosage. The effect of temperature on phosphate removal efficiency was not significant from 20 to 40 degrees C. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope analyses showed that phosphate formed an amorphous precipitate with water-soluble calcium, aluminum, and iron ions in the modified fly ash. 相似文献
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利用污水处理厂脱水后的污泥,经粉煤灰水分调节后进人动态堆肥装置,好氧发酵成为性状良好的腐殖颗粒,然后经过一定工艺制成一种有机-无机复合化肥,其N、P、K含量达到25%,有机质含量大于30%,含水量小于10%,pH值6~8。将化肥用在农田的水稻种植,水稻的亩产量增产11.4%,各项指标均符合国家标准。 相似文献
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利用污水处理厂脱水后的污泥,经粉煤灰水分调节后进入动态堆肥装置,好氧发酵成为性状良好的腐殖颗粒,然后经过一定工艺制成一种有机-无机复合化肥,其N、P、K含量达到25%,有机质含量大于30%,含水量小于10%,pH值6~8.将化肥用在农田的水稻种植,水稻的亩产量增产11.4%,各项指标均符合国家标准. 相似文献
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