共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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我国现行环境影响评价制度面临的问题与对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
环境影响评价制度在我国经过近30年的发展与完善,在有效加强环境管理,从源头上防止环境污染和生态环境破坏方面起到了重要作用。但从现实看,其并未能从根本上遏制我国生态环境的恶化,各级政府的发展观、环境职能部门的独立性和公正性、评价机构的中立性、环境报告编制的技术性缺失和环境影响评价制度的缺憾等问题都严重制约着环境影响评价的作用发挥,只有解决这些问题,通过完善制度、科学评价,公正审批和有效监督才能让环境影响评价真正成为环境的守护神,实现经济社会发展与自然的和谐。 相似文献
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石油天然气行业建设项目以生态影响类为主,在环评、竣工环保验收、环境影响后评价等阶段相关环保规定在执行过程中存在一定优化需求。文章以川渝地区石油天然气行业建设项目环境影响特征为基础,结合外环境生态保护红线、自然保护区、饮用水水源保护区等环境敏感区特点,探讨项目在执行相关环保规定过程中存在的问题和改进建议,并就《建设项目竣工环境保护验收暂行办法》《建设项目环境影响后评价管理办法(试行)》《环境影响评价公众参与办法》《关于进一步加强石油天然气行业环境影响评价管理的通知》等文件中部分条款提出优化建议。 相似文献
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《中国环境管理》1987年第3期,刊登了题为《环境影响评价制度法定化脱离了我国实际》的文章,对此笔者也想谈一点粗浅的看法。环境影响评价,也叫环境质量预断评价,又称环境影响分析。它是指在一定地区内进行开发建设活动之前,对此项开发建设项目将会对周围地区的环境造成什么影响进行调查、预测、估计和评价。环境影响评价的概念,是美国在1969年首先提出,并在《国家环境政策法》中定为制度。 相似文献
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公路工程属易产生重大不良环境影响、易发生重大变动的建设项目,但由于重大变动判定标准不清晰、重新报批环评的时间节点不统一、变更环评文件形式和内容不规范等问题,导致环评违法违规现象频发,变更环评制度管理效能难以有效发挥。根据公路建设项目重大变动有关定义,结合环境影响评价技术导则、环境影响评价审批原则、公路建设项目工程特性,及调查和分析四川省公路建设项目环境影响重大变动重新报批情况,对公路建设项目环境影响重大变动环评要点进行归纳和总结,在一定程度上有利于环境影响评价制度的完善,可为公路建设项目重大变动环境影响评价文件的编制和审批提供思路。 相似文献
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环境影响评价中的公众参与 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
介绍了环境影响评价中公众参与的发展和现状,论述了公众参与在环境影响评价中的地位作用,分析了我国环境影响评价中公众参与存在的问题,并从宏观法制保障、公众环境素质和技术操作程序三个层面提出了完善公众参与制度和提高公众参与有效性的对策. 相似文献
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Impact scoping is the process of identifying important issues of a proposal and focusing the environmental impact assessment
(EIA) on the high-priority issues. Although impact scoping in one form or another has been inherent to EIA for some time,
documentation of its development and discussion of refinements to impact scoping processes have not been forthcoming. This
article traces the development of impact scoping through time and highlights the need for such processes in EIA. A focused
environmental assessment (FEA) approach to impact scoping that is suitable for implementation in an EIA is presented here
and advantages of its use are delineated. FEA is a three-staged process that encourages impact scoping through progressive
steps including impact identification, assessment and management planning. FEA combines a suite of EIA methods including:
issues matrices, impact hypotheses, valued ecosystem components, and stakeholder participation sessions to effectively integrate
impact scoping with EIA. 相似文献
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Evaluation of Environmental Aspects Significance in ISO 14001 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Põder T 《Environmental management》2006,37(5):732-743
The methodological framework set by standards ISO 14001 and ISO 14004 gives only general principles for environmental aspects
assessment, which is regarded as one of the most critical stages of implementing environmental management system. In Estonia,
about 100 organizations have been certified to the ISO 14001. Experience obtained from numerous companies has demonstrated
that limited transparency and reproducibility of the assessment process serves as a common shortcoming. Despite rather complicated
assessment schemes sometimes used, the evaluation procedures have been largely based on subjective judgments because of ill-defined
and inadequate assessment criteria. A comparison with some similar studies in other countries indicates a general nature of
observed inconsistencies. The diversity of approaches to the aspects’ assessment in concept literature and to the related
problems has been discussed. The general structure of basic assessment criteria, compatible with environmental impact assessment
and environmental risk analysis has also been outlined. Based on this general structure, the article presents a tiered approach
to help organize the assessment in a more consistent manner. 相似文献
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Sustainability has become a major focus area within forest products industry. The European operational environment and national environmental steering in EU member states highlight the importance of sustainable development and the development of associated new management approaches to promote sustainability. This article reviews some key elements of sustainability management, covering examples of both Finnish forest products industry initiatives and public environmental steering at the European level. An assessment is made of the current situation and an outline of a future outlook for sustainability management, with special emphasis on bridging the gap between industry initiatives and environmental steering in the form of legislation, policies and strategies at the EU level.This study applied a hybrid approach comprising a review of EU sustainability initiatives, a policy and legal review and a questionnaire survey of forest industry actors. The results of the future outlook indicate that energy efficiency is perceived to be the most important focus area in addition to e.g. environmental and waste management and recycling. Less than half of the companies aim at applying sustainability management. Life-cycle management is also considered to be important whereas product-based approaches, climate change and local industrial symbiosis receive very little attention. All responding companies aim to integrate the principles of sustainability into their operations and most companies consider that life-cycle thinking, management and assessment are useful for them. Energy efficiency is identified as the most important focus area with energy and materials efficiency seen as the most crucial factors for the achievement of responsible competitive advantage and building of sustainable value-added. The findings indicate that sustainability and life-cycle management are not receiving enough management focus at the moment and neither is the industry receiving enough guidance at either the EU level or via national steering and regulatory frameworks. 相似文献
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农业灌溉工程建设是我国第十二个五年规划纲要中提出的全面加强农田水利建设工作的重要组成部分。随着越来越多农业灌溉项目的兴建及我国环境影响评价制度的发展,农业灌溉项目的环境影响评价也在不断发展和完善中。本文根据世行贷款项目——中国四川武都农业灌溉项目环境影响评价实践和工作经验,分析总结了世界银行及我国在农业灌溉项目环境影响评价工作方面的特点和要求,其中世界银行在有些方面,如评价等级、公众参与等与国内环评要求基本一致,而有些方面,如回顾性评价、替代方案分析、累积性影响分析、环境管理计划、移民安置行动计划、病虫害管理计划等在国内环境影响评价中尚未引起足够的关注或与世界银行要求存在较大差异,值得我国环评工作参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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The development of environmental performance policy indicators for public services, and in particular for the defence sector, is an emerging issue. Despite a number of recent initiatives there has been little work done in this area, since the other sectors usually focused on are agriculture, transport, industry, tourism and energy. This type of tool can be an important component for environmental performance evaluation at policy level, when integrated in the general performance assessment system of public missions and activities. The main objective of this research was to develop environmental performance policy indicators for the public sector, specifically applied to the defence sector. Previous research included an assessment of the environmental profile, through the evaluation of how environmental management practices have been adopted in this sector and an assessment of environmental aspects and impacts. This paper builds upon that previous research, developing an indicator framework--SEPI--supported by the selection and construction of environmental performance indicators. Another aim is to discuss how the current environmental indicator framework can be integrated into overall performance management. The Portuguese defence sector is presented and the usefulness of this methodology demonstrated. Feasibility and relevancy criteria are applied to evaluate the set of indicators proposed, allowing indicators to be scored and indicators for the policy level to be obtained. 相似文献
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作者以较长时间关注四川省环保产业,结合主持四川省环保产业"十二五"发展规划的编制,对四川环保产业的目标确定、发展方向和重点领域、产业布局及园区建设、机制体制创新等有关问题进行深入思考的总结。本文提出从新的高度认识发展环保产业的意义,从必要性和可行性两方面考虑制定环保产业发展目标。首次提出了环境差别化的概念,并根据环境差别化和比较优势确定环保产业发展方向和重点领域。本文还剖析了四川环保产业园区建设存在的问题,并提出了破解的办法。本文最后提出了通过机制体制创新、加强科技支撑、完善统计制度、拓宽融资渠道等措施推动四川省环保产业又好又开发展的建议。 相似文献
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实施排污许可制度,是强化排污者责任、提高固定污染源环境管理效能、改善环境质量的重要制度保障。火电行业作为典型的高架固定源,先行试点实施排污许可制度。通过分析火电行业发展和环保现状,结合排污许可管理要点,简述排污许可制对火电行业发展的影响。 相似文献