我国环境政策中生态工业园内涵误区的分析

作为一种新的工业可持续发展方式,生态工业园已经在世界范围内得到广泛应用。在我国,随着近几年生态工业园建设的蓬勃开展,出现了一些认识和实践中的误区,这些误区可能会影响我国循环经济下一步实践的顺利开展。文章以生态工业园概念的内涵为主线,通过系统梳理和分析相关的国内外文献和我国的法规政策,首先总结了生态工业园的广义和狭义内涵,提炼了工业共生的目标要素、主体要素和行为要素;其次分析了工业共生与循环经济、清洁生产之间的相互关系;在此基础上,提出了目前生态工业园实践中出现的"循环经济式、污染控制式、产业发展式"三种内涵误区,并进一步剖析了我国政策制定过程中的两个深层问题,即生态工业园实践内容的简单组合化和生态工业园目标与内容的脱节。     

陕北能源化工基地建立生态工业园模式选择及两种模式构建流程

生态工业园的建设主要有4种模式。通过比较各个模式的特点,针对陕北能源化工基地现状,提出基地建立生态工业园应选择改造重构与产业共生两种模式：绘制流程图,对两种模式的构建流程进行研究。     

绿色供应链与生态工业园之比较研究

本文在对两种共生模式——生态工业园和绿色供应链作了基本解释和案例分析后,比较了这两种模式的共性与异性,得出它们在生态工业体系建设中具有统一性和互补性的结论,最后对建设城市生态工业体系提出了一点看法。     

两种共生模式之比较

在对两种共生模式—生态工业园和绿色供应链作了基本解释和案例分析后，比较了这两种模式的共性和异性，得出了它们在生态工业体系建设中具有统一性和互补性的结论，对建设城市生态工业体系提出了看法。     

包头铝业生态工业园区产品代谢研究

在生态工业建设理论方法研究上进行一次有益的尝试,首先从产品代谢的角度比较分析了包头(铝业)生态工业园规划前后的产业链组织形式,然后在此基础上分析了规划后的工业共生机制和生态工业网络,并对包头(铝业)生态工业园的特点进行了总结。     

生态工业园工业共生网络的构建

工业共生网络是生态工业园建设过程中的核心内容。本文以铜陵循环经济工业试验园为例,开展了工业共生网络构建的实证研究。研究内容主要包括：（1）试验园建设背景和产业现状分析;（2）生态产业链（硫化工产业链、冶金产业链、纺织服装产业链、铜延伸加工产业链）的构建;（3）各产业链间在物质、能量和水层面上的耦合共生。最后,从参与共生企业的所有权关系和网络构成方式两方面,对试验园工业共生网络模式的优缺点进行了讨论,并提出进一步完善的建议。     

域外生态工业园建设比较

生态工业园通过将循环经济与工业生态学理论相结合,有效实现能流物复。西方国家有关生态工业园区建设的理论探讨与实践始于20世纪七八十年代,认为生态工业园区是实现经济可持续发展的一种重要模式。通过比较域外几个典型国家生态工业园在发展模式（建设体系）、建园推进方式、工业共生类型（建园主题）和管理方式的差异,以期对我国生态工业园建设提供有益的镜鉴借鉴。     

关于推进威海市生态工业园区建设的思考与建议

本世纪生态工业将是工业发展的一种新型模式,生态工业园是在循环经济与生态工业学理论指导下形成的实现制造业企业与环境协调发展的经济发展模式.以工业生态学的基本思想为基础,分析了威海市生态工业园的现状,表现为:综合利用企业个数少,工业园区内企业各自经营,没有形成大型聚集链和产业链;提出了威海市生态工业园可持续发展与管理的原则;建议抓紧制定切实可行的生态园区发展规划,抓住有利时机,加速打造生态化工业园区,创新机制,推动生态园区发展.     

工业生态学与生态工业园的发展与应用研究

面对资源的有限性和生态恢复的长久性，传统工业的可持续发展面临着严峻的挑战，工业生态学的产生与发展成为必然，而生态工业园是工业生态学的重要研究内容。阐述了工业生态学的概念、发展、研究对象．研究内容。论述了生态工业园及国外生态工业园的建设与发展过程。并以“卡伦堡共生体”为例进行了案例分析。提出了国外生态工业园研究与实践中潜在的问题及对我国工业园发展与管理的启示。     

我国制糖(甘蔗)生态工业模式及典型案例分析

在对我国制糖工业发展现状与趋势分析的基础上,基于工业生态学原理提出了制糖(甘蔗)生态工业模式,剖析了其生态学组成和结构、工业代谢类型及主要特征,并以我国建立的第一个国家生态工业园——贵港生态工业园为例进行了案例研究。研究表明,通过引入生态工业理念,对制糖行业进行生态化重构。构建生态工业链和生态工业网,可从根本上削减制糖工业对环境的污染,增强制糖工业的可持续发展能力,取得明显的社会、经济和环境效益。     

Eco-industrial park initiatives in the USA and the Netherlands: first lessons

Since the introduction of the industrial ecology concept by Frosch and Gallopoulos in 1989, and the apparent success of the Kalundborg Industrial Symbiosis project, attention to planned eco-industrial park (EIP) development projects has grown all over the world. This article includes data from six of these EIP development projects. Three of the projects discussed are located in the Netherlands and three in the US. This article compares the differences in project approach and results on a national level. The approach suggested is derived from the available EIP development literature.Initial research indicates that the Dutch EIP projects are more successful than their US counterparts. This difference in success can be, mostly, attributed to the fact that the US projects are initiated by local and regional governments that see the project as a way to improve the local/regional economy with access to substantial government funds. Because of this heavy government involvement, US companies are, in general, not interested in the project. The more successful Dutch projects, on the other hand, are mostly initiated by the companies themselves with financial and advisory support from the local and regional government.     

论印染产业循环经济发展模式

在对我国的印染业现状、环境危害、格局以及发展趋势进行说明的基础上,对印染产业发展循环经济的模式进行了探讨;通过建立循环经济模式的印染工业园,运用循环经济理念进行园区规划,采取单一产品的规模化处置以及水的循环利用,最终建立循环经济产业共生体系。     

黄浦江上游水源保护区工业废水的致突变性

对黄浦江上游水源保护区9家工厂工业废水应用Ames试验进行致突变性研究,结果表明,这些废水对TA_(98)菌株均有明显的致突变作用,其中有2家厂的废水未经活化对TA_(100)有致突变作用。通过计算最低致突变剂量和致突变指数,确认了排放大户,为有效地控制排放提供依据。     

Industrial symbiosis networks and the contribution to environmental innovation: The case of the Landskrona industrial symbiosis programme

This paper considers the potential contribution of Industrial Symbiosis (IS) networks in fostering environmental innovation at the local or regional level. Drawing on literature from innovation studies and innovation in spatial proximity, we outline three factors that are important for the innovation process and identify where the effects from IS networks can be explored. We use observations from the first IS programme in Sweden to provide examples of previously hypothesised effects. The implications of this inquiry are discussed in terms of design and development of IS programmes and for further research into the innovation effect of IS networks.     

生态化改造高新技术产业区与传统产业区的方法比较

为了发展循环经济,我国积极推进生态工业园的建设。已建的高新技术产业区和传统产业区都面临生态化改造的需求。由于这两类产业区的特点不同,应根据各自的特点确定生态化改造的侧重点。本文比较分析了我国高新技术产业区与传统产业区生态化改造方法的差异。     

Evolution of symbiosis with resource allocation from fecundity to survival

Symbiosis is one of the most fundamental relationships between or among organisms and includes parasitism (which has negative effects on the fitness of the interacting partner), commensalism (no effect), and mutualism (positive effects). The effects of these interactions are usually assumed to influence a single component of a species’ fitness, either survival or fecundity, even though in reality the interaction can simultaneously affect both of these components. I used a dual lattice model to investigate the process of evolution of mutualistic symbiosis in the presence of interactive effects on both survival and fecundity. I demonstrate that a positive effect on survival and a negative effect on fecundity are key to the establishment of mutualism. Furthermore, both the parasitic and the mutualistic behaviour must carry large costs for mutualism to evolve. This helps develop a new understanding of symbiosis as a function of resource allocation, in which resources are shifted from fecundity to survival. The simultaneous establishment of mutualism from parasitism never occurs in two species, but can do so in one of the species as long as the partner still behaves parasitically. This suggests that one of the altruistic behaviours in a mutualistic unit consisting of two species must originate as a parasitic behaviour.     

燃煤工业锅炉烟气脱硫技术

根据脱硫与除尘的关系，将燃煤工业锅炉烟气脱硫装置划分为三种类型，一是在同一时间，空间内进行脱硫与除尘的一体化装置，二是脱硫装置与除尘器分为两套独立的设备设计，安装，通常将引风机安装在两套设备之间，三是将一个塔体分为两部分，分别以脱硫，除尘为主，对这三种类型，作了举例说明，并讨论了其特点及适用对策。     

陕西省环境库兹涅茨曲线分析与预测

根据陕西省1989~2008年统计年鉴中工业总产值和工业三废、工业二氧化硫以及烟尘排放量的数据,建立陕西省环境库兹涅茨曲线,并对其变化原因进行了分析。结果表明,陕西省工业固废与工业废水总体上符合传统的倒"U"型曲线,但经过转折点后下降趋势不是很明显;而工业废气和工业二氧化硫呈现直线式上升,烟尘排放量最符合典型的"倒U"曲线。文章最后对经济和环境的相关指标进行了预测并提出了一些建议。     

工业生态学的演化与原理

在总结当前工业生态学（IE）主要研究成果的基础上，分析了IE的演化进程，阐述了IE的原理，并展望了研究方向。指出：IE是一门以提高工业过程中原料使用效率、降低废物排放弃为目的，研究工业系统及其与环境之间相互关系的应用生态学；其化过程经历了孕育、萌芽的提出第三个阶段；其主要研究对象是工业生态系统，而工业生态系统的主体是工业生产部门；工业生态系统的功能主要表现在工业生产过程中的物流、能流和信息流三个方面。     

Applying ecosystem concepts to the planning of industrial areas: a case study of Singapore’s Jurong Island

The application of ecological concepts to the industrial setting has been touched upon by literature across several disciplines. Two emerging ecological planning approaches, landscape ecology and industrial ecology, are applied here to look at alternative ways of planning industrial parks. As an emerging field, landscape ecology provides different viewpoints from the traditional approach of natural conservation, which mainly focuses on the protection of nature. The approach of landscape ecology regards the environment as a land mosaic, a mixture of natural and urban environment, which concerns a manageable human-scale environment across one or two human generations. Industrial ecology, on the other hand, goes beyond the traditional “end of pipe” idea of pollution control and learns from the ecosystem concept. The current paper is an attempt to reconcile these two fields as an integrated approach to the planning of industrial areas. Using a case study of Singapore’s Jurong Island industrial park, two fundamental issues behind the idea of landscape ecology and industrial ecology are raised. If raw materials, energy and by-products are more easily replaced or reused by technology and management, then research on industrial ecology and related knowledge will be crucial for developing natural resource substitution by innovative technology and new ways of environmental management. Where it is difficult to substitute natural resources, the skills of planning and managing natural resources will take priority over other strategies. In this situation, the knowledge of landscape ecology needs to be applied to the prediction, design and evaluation of ecologically optimum resource uses, patterns and processes in the mixture of natural, urban and industrial environment. A new concept, “nurtured landscape”, is proposed for mediating between the natural ecosystem and the urban/industrial environment. The nurtured landscape provides a basis for the development of new ecological technology using landscape to ameliorate the polluting effects of the urban/industrial neighbourhood. The planning of Singapore’s Jurong Island industrial park provides a test of applying the principles of landscape ecology and industrial ecology to the possible transformation of an industrial area.