High phosphate removal using La(OH)3 loaded chitosan based composites and mechanistic study

Our present study was to prepare a biomass-supported adsorbents with high adsorptive capacity and high selectivity to prevent the accelerated eutrophication in water body. To this end, different metal hydroxide (La, Zr and Fe) first was successfully loaded on chitosan microspheres. Then the quaternary ammonium group with different content was introduced into the adsorbent by polymerization. By comparison of adsorption properties, chitosan-La(OH)₃-quaternary ammonium-20% (CS-La-N-20%) has strong adsorption to phosphate (160 mg/g) by immobilizing nano-sized La(OH)₃ within a quaternary-aminated chitosan and it maintain high adsorption in the presence of salt ions. The pH results indicated that the CS-La-N-20% would effectively sequestrate phosphate over a wide pH range between 3 and 7 without significant La³⁺ leaching. What's more, adsorption capacity on the introduce of positively charged quanternary-aminated groups was significantly higher than that of the unmodified adsorbents at alkaline conditions. The column adsorption capacity reached 1300 bed volumes (BV) when phosphate concentration decreased until 0.5 mg/L at 6 BV/hr. The column adsorption/desorption reveals that no significant capacity loss is observed, indicating excellent stability and repeated use property. Characterizations revealed that phosphate adsorption on CS-La-N-20% through ligand exchange (impregnated nano-La(OH)₃) and electrostatic attraction (positively charged quanternary-aminated groups). All the results suggested that CS-La-N-20% can serve as a promising adsorbent for preferable phosphate removal in realistic application.     

氢氧化镧掺杂氧化铝去除水体磷酸盐性能研究

为有效去除水体中的磷酸盐,采用沉淀沉积方法合成了氢氧化镧〔La(OH)₃〕掺杂氧化铝(Al₂O₃)的吸附材料La(OH)₃(X)/Al₂O₃〔X表示吸附剂中的La(OH)₃质量含量〕,并对其吸附磷酸盐的性能进行研究. 结果表明:①Al₂O₃和La(OH)₃是吸附剂中磷酸盐的主要结合位点. ②磷酸盐初始浓度为50 mg/L时,La(OH)₃(19)/Al₂O₃吸附剂在初始阶段吸附较快,且在200 min左右达到吸附平衡. La(OH)₃(X)/Al₂O₃吸附剂对磷酸盐的吸附量随着La(OH)₃负载量的提高而升高,其吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型拟合. La(OH)₃(7)/Al₂O₃、La(OH)₃(13)/Al₂O₃、La(OH)₃(19)/Al₂O₃和La(OH)₃(27)/Al₂O₃对磷酸盐的最大吸附量可分别达到25.32、27.40、43.10和53.76 mg/g (以P计). 这表明La(OH)₃掺杂Al₂O₃后为磷酸盐提供更多的活性位点,有效提高了磷酸盐的吸附容量. ③La(OH)₃(19)/Al₂O₃对磷酸盐的吸附量随pH的升高而降低,共存阴离子影响试验表明,La(OH)₃(19)/Al₂O₃对磷酸盐具有较高的吸附选择性. ④经过5次吸附-脱附循环后,La(OH)₃(19)/Al₂O₃表现出稳定的吸附和再生性能,对实际水体磷酸盐的去除试验结果表明其可用于实际水体中磷酸盐的去除. 研究显示,La(OH)₃(19)/Al₂O₃的磷酸盐吸附速率快、吸附容量高、吸附选择性高,具有潜在的应用价值.      

Adsorption behavior of phosphate on Lanthanum（III） doped mesoporous silicates material

A series of lanthanum doped meosoporous MCM-41 (LaxM41, x is Si/La molar ratio) was prepared by sol-gel method. The surface structure of the materials was investigated with X-ray diffraction and N2 adsorption/desorption technique. The content of La in the materials was determined by ICP. It was found that the La content of La25M41, La50M41 and La100M41 was 7.53%, 3.89% and 2.32%, respectively. The phosphate adsorption capacities increased with increasing amount of La incorporation. With 0.40 g La25M41 99.7% phosphate could be removed. The effects of Si/La molar ratio, LaxM41 dose, pH, initial concentration of phosphate solution, co-ions on phosphate adsorption were also evaluated. The phosphate adsorption kinetics of LaxM41 could be well-described by the pseudo second-order model, and Langmuir isotherm fit equilibrium data much better than the Freundlich isotherm.     

Adsorption behavior of phosphate on Lanthanum(Ⅲ) doped mesoporous silicates material

A series of lanthanum doped meosoporous MCM-41 (La_xM41, x is Si/La molar ratio) was prepared by sol-gel method. The surface structure of the materials was investigated with X-ray diffraction and N_2 adsorption/desorption technique. The content of La in the materials was determined by ICP. It was found that the La content of La_(25)M41, La_(50)M41 and La_(100)M41 was 7.53%, 3.89% and 2.32%, respectively. The phosphate adsorption capacities increased with increasing amount of La incorporation. With 0.40 g La_(25)M41 99.7% phosphate could be removed. The effects of Si/La molar ratio, La_xM41 dose, pH, initial concentration of phosphate solution, co-ions on phosphate adsorption were also evaluated. The phosphate adsorption kinetics of La_xM41 could be well-described by the pseudo second-order model, and Langmuir isotherm fit equilibrium data much better than the Freundlich isotherm.     

Removal of trace arsenic（V） and phosphate from water by a highly selective ligand exchange adsorbent

The ligand exchange adsorbent could be used to remove the toxic arsenic(V) and phosphate efficiently from water even in the presence of foreign anions and possible to apply in chemical industry.     

Preparation and evaluation of Zr-β-FeOOH for efficient arsenic removal

A Zr-β-FeOOH adsorbent for both As(V) and As(III) removal was prepared by a chemical co-precipitation method.Compared with β-FeOOH,the addition of Zr enhanced the adsorption capacities for As(V) and As(III),especially As(III).The maximum adsorption capacities for As(III) and As(V) were 120 and 60mg/g respectively at pH 7.0,much higher than for many reported adsorbents.The adsorption data accorded with Freundlich isotherms.At neutral pH,for As(V),adsorption equilibrium was approached after 3 hr,while for As(III),adsorption equilibrium was approached after 5 hr.Kinetic data fitted well to the pseudo second-order reaction model.As(V) elimination was favored at acidic pH,whereas the adsorption of As(III) by Zr-β-FeOOH was found to be effective over a wide pH range of 4-10.Competitive anions hindered the adsorption according to the sequence:phosphate > silicate > bicarbonate > sulfate > nitrate,while Ca2+ and Mg2+ increased the removal of As(III) and As(V) slightly.The high adsorption capability and good performance in other aspects make Zr-β-FeOOH a potentially attractive adsorbent for the removal of both As(III) and As(V) from water.     

铁-铈水合氧化物吸附剂除磷的间歇试验研究

采用共沉淀法合成铁-铈水合氧化物脱磷吸附剂，进行其对水溶液中磷酸盐吸附的速率曲线、pH值影响曲线、吸附等温线等的测定。结果显示，该复合吸附剂在pH=2～6范围内均具有良好的吸附除磷效果，其最大静态吸附量是粉末活性氧化铝的1.8倍以上。对富磷吸附剂的解吸及再生试验显示，该吸附剂可循环使用，一次再生后吸附容量约为新鲜吸附剂容量的90％。     

氢氧化镧改性介孔稻壳生物炭除磷性能

通过共沉淀法将氢氧化镧固定在高介孔率的稻壳生物炭上,重点研究了生物炭孔结构、溶液pH和共存物质对氢氧化镧改性介孔稻壳生物炭吸附磷酸盐的影响.结果表明,镧负载量与生物炭介孔率呈正相关,生物炭介孔率越高,对磷酸盐的吸附速率越快,镧浸出量越低.吸附过程符合伪二级动力学模型,且受颗粒内扩散控制.Langmuir模型能够较好地描述氢氧化镧改性介孔稻壳生物炭对磷酸盐的吸附过程,理论最大吸附量分别为41.22、43.26和45.62 mg·g^-1,镧利用率较高,P/La量比均大于1.5.此外,氢氧化镧改性介孔稻壳生物炭能在pH 3~9的范围内有效吸附磷酸盐.共存物质影响实验表明,氢氧化镧改性介孔稻壳生物炭对磷酸盐表现出良好的选择吸附性,共存Ca²⁺会强化其对磷酸盐的吸附,而共存Mg²⁺则会抑制吸附过程.     

镁铁层状双金属氢氧化物对磷酸盐的吸附作用及对内源磷释放的控制效果及机制

为确定镁铁层状双金属氢氧化物(Mg/Fe-LDH)添加对水体内源磷释放的控制效果及机制,本文首先研究了Mg/FeLDH对水中磷酸盐的吸附特征和机制,再研究了其添加对底泥磷吸附能力的影响以及对上覆水和间隙水中磷的影响进而评估了吸附磷酸盐后Mg/Fe-LDH中磷的稳定性.结果发现,与准一级和准二级动力学模型相比,Mg/Fe-LDH对水中磷酸盐的吸附动力学过程更好地满足Elovich模型;与Langmuir模型相比,Freundlich和Dubinin-Radushkevich模型更加适合用于描述Mg/Fe-LDH对水中磷酸盐的等温吸附行为;当溶液pH值为4～10时,吸附容量相对较高,而当pH值由10增加到11时,吸附容量则显著下降;共存Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)对吸附起促进作用,Na~+和Cl~-的影响可以忽略不计,而SO_4~(2-)和HCO_3~-则对吸附起负面影响.阴离子交换、静电吸引、配位体交换和内层配合物形成是Mg/Fe-LDH吸附水中磷酸盐的主要机制.Mg/Fe-LDH添加不仅会降低上覆水中溶解性活性磷(SRP)浓度而且会降低间隙水中SRP浓度.Mg/Fe-LDH添加也会显著增强底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力,且投加量越大,促进效果越明显.被Mg/Fe-LDH所吸附的磷酸盐主要以NH_4 Cl提取态磷(NH_4Cl-P)、氧化还原敏感态磷(BD-P)和金属氧化物结合态磷(NaOH-rP)形态存在,分别占总磷的13.7%、34.0%和52.3%.被Mg/Fe-LDH所吸附的磷酸盐中大约有一半的磷会以较为稳定的形式存在不容易被重新释放.考虑到被Mg/Fe-LDH所吸附磷酸盐中大约有一半的磷会以不稳定的形式存在,存在重新释放的风险,因此将吸附饱和后的Mg/Fe-LDH进行回收是非常必要的.     

Effects of solution chemistry on arsenic(Ⅴ) removal by low-cost adsorbents

Natural and anthropogenic arsenic （As） contamination of water sources pose serious health concerns, especially for small communities in rural areas. This study assessed the applicability of three industrial byproducts （coal fly ash, lignite, and green waste compost） as the low-cost adsorbents for As（V） removal under various field-relevant conditions （dissolved oxygen, As（V）/Fe ratio, solution pH, and presence of competing species）. The physico-chemical properties of the adsorbents were characterized by XRD, XRF, FT-IR, and NMR analysis. Batch experiments demonstrated that coal fly ash could provide effective As（V） removal （82.1%-95%） because it contained high content of amorphous iron/aluminium hydroxides for As（V） adsorption and dissolvable calcium minerals for calcium arsenate precipitation. However, the addition of lignite and green waste compost was found unfavourable since they hindered the As（V） removal by 10%-42% possibly due to dissolution of organic matter and ternary arsenate-iron-organic matter complexes. On the other hand, higher concentrations of dissolved iron （comparing As（V）/Fe ratios of 1：1 and 1：10） and dissolved oxygen （comparing 0.2 and 6 mg/L） only marginally enhanced the As（V） removal at pH 6 and 8. Thus, addition of dissolved iron, water aeration, or pH adjustment became unnecessary because coal fly ash was able to provide effective As（V） removal under the natural range of geochemical conditions. Moreover, the presence of low levels of background competing （0.8 or 8 mg/L of humic acid, phosphate, and silicate） imposed little influence on As（V） removal, possibly because the high adsorption capacity of coal fly ash was far from exhaustion. These results suggested that coal fly ash was a potentially promising adsorbent that warranted further investigation.     

Phosphate removal from wastewater by model-La（Ⅲ） zeolite adsorbents

Phosphorus is one of the primary nutrients which leads to eutrophication and accelerates aging process in enclosed water bodies. Because of the poor phosphorus selectivity of other adsorbents, the novel La(III)-modified zeolite adsorbent (LZA) was prepared by modifying 90 nm zeolite with lanthanide to selectively remove phosphate in the presence of various omnipresent anions, such as sulfates, bicarbonates, and chlorides. Through batch and fixed bed operation, the following optimum conditions were obtained: concentration of lanthanum chloride solution 0.05 mol/L; solid/liquor ratio 1/25; pH 10; calcination temperature 550℃; time 1 h. The value of the Freundlich model constants Kf and 1/n were found to be 16.76 mg/L and 0.2209, respectively. In addition, when calculated at pH 6.0, distribution coe cient KD could be as high as 36.6. Furthermore, in the alkaline pH range, solution of 0.8 mol/L NaCl was used to regenerate the saturated LZA, which could reach the high regeneration e ciency as high as 100%. Because of the good selectivity and regenerability of LZA, it might serve as a potential way for advanced phosphate removal from the sewage containing other anions.     

膨胀蛭石同步脱铵除磷的影响因素研究

为探讨膨胀蛭石同步脱铵除磷能力,采用静态吸附实验考察了氨氮和磷酸盐共存时接触时间、粒径、pH值以及温度对膨胀蛭石去除氮磷效果的影响。结果表明,膨胀蛭石具有较好的同步脱铵除磷性能,在pH值为7,温度为25℃条件下,用1.00g粒径为80~100目膨胀蛭石对100mL氨氮和磷酸盐浓度分别为50mg/L和10mg/L的模拟污水处理4h后,氨氮和磷酸盐去除率分别达79.4%和93.0%,两者吸附过程均明显表现为"快速吸附,减速平衡"二阶段特征。中性条件下氨氮去除效果最好,酸性或碱性条件有利于磷酸盐去除,温度升高,氨氮去除率下降,磷酸盐去除率上升。等温吸附实验研究表明,膨胀蛭石对氨氮与磷酸盐的等温吸附线均较好的符合Langmuir方程。     

Mg-La-Fe/沸石复合材料的制备及其处理低浓度含磷废水的性能

以沸石为载体,选用镁、镧和铁为改性剂,采用水热法制备了一种新型高效且易于磁性分离回用的载镧磁性沸石吸附剂（MLFZ）.等温吸附和动力学研究结果表明,其吸附行为符合Langmuir等温模型和准二级动力学模型,MLFZ饱和吸附量为13.46 mg·g^-1; MLFZ在pH为3～9范围内均表现出良好的吸附性能,共存离子条件下对磷酸根具有特异吸附能力,通过磁性吸附重复使用5次后,MLFZ对磷酸盐去除率维持在90%左右,突显了其易于回收再利用的优点;FTIR、 XPS和Zeta电位表征显示,表面沉积、静电吸附作用和镧与磷酸盐通过配体交换形成内层络合物在吸附过程中为主要作用.将MLFZ用于处理自然池塘污水,结果显示磷酸盐浓度由0.86 mg·L^-1降低到0.013 mg·L^-1,表明该吸附剂具有良好的实际应用前景.     

矿物材料吸附去除污水中磷的试验研究

采用粉煤灰、高岭土、泥渣(取电厂澄清池排泥作脱水干燥处理)作为吸附剂深度处理污水中的磷,对比分析了3种吸附剂的吸附速度、吸附性能及除磷效果。结果表明:粉煤灰和高岭土用时20 min完成对磷的有效吸附,沉降泥渣用时5 min即可实现同等吸附效果;沉降泥渣对污水中磷的吸附能力较好,投加量为0.2 g/L的泥渣对磷的去除率可达98.1%,而投加量为0.2 g/L粉煤灰或高岭土对磷的去除率仅达到77.2%。     

新型铁铜铝三元复合氧化物除磷性能与机制研究

采用共沉淀法制备了一种新型铁铜铝三元复合氧化物吸附剂,系统研究了其对磷的吸附行为,并对吸附磷前后的吸附剂进行了表征.吸附实验结果表明,铁铜铝三元复合氧化物对磷具有优异的吸附去除效能,Freundlich吸附等温线模型能更好地拟合其对磷的吸附,最大吸附量为62.6 mg·g-1(pH=7.0),显著高于多数文献报道的磷吸附剂;吸附速率较快,吸附动力学更符合Elovich模型;溶液pH对磷吸附有一定影响,随着pH的升高,磷吸附量降低,离子强度则影响不大;共存阴离子对磷吸附具有抑制作用,影响的大小顺序为SiO_3~(2-)SO_4~(2-)CO_3~(2-)Cl~-,而共存阳离子Ca2+和Mg2+则对磷吸附略有促进作用.Zeta电位、红外谱图(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征分析表明,磷在铁铜铝三元复合氧化物表面发生了特性吸附,磷酸根主要通过取代复合氧化物表面的羟基形成内表面络合物而被吸附去除.溶出实验结果表明,当pH在5.0~8.5范围内,Fe~(3+)、Cu~(2+)、Al~(3+)的溶出量均较低.由此可知,铁铜铝三元复合氧化物是一种具有良好应用前景的除磷吸附剂.     

不同沉淀pH值条件下制备的水合氧化锆对水中磷酸盐的吸附作用

研究了沉淀pH值分别为4.8、8.0和10.6条件下制备的水合氧化锆对水中磷酸盐的吸附作用,结果表明,共存的Na~+仅仅略微促进了沉淀pH值为4.8和8.0时所得水合氧化锆对水中磷酸盐的吸附,却明显促进了沉淀pH值为10.6时所得水合氧化锆对磷酸盐的吸附.共存的Ca~(2+)仅仅略微促进了沉淀pH值为4.8时水合氧化锆对磷酸盐的吸附,却极大地促进了沉淀pH值为8.0和10.6时水合氧化锆对磷酸盐的吸附.共存的HCO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)抑制了水合氧化锆对磷酸盐的吸附,且它们对沉淀pH值为4.8时水合氧化锆吸磷的抑制作用明显大于对沉淀pH值为8.0和10.6时水合氧化锆的抑制作用.不同沉淀pH值条件下制备的水合氧化锆对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力均随着溶液pH值的增加而降低.不同沉淀pH值条件下所得水合氧化锆对水中磷酸盐的吸附平衡数据可以采用Langmuir、Freundlich和Dubinin-Redushckevich(D-R)等温吸附模型加以描述.存在Na+而不存在Ca~(2+)情况下,3种不同沉淀pH值条件下所得水合氧化锆对中性溶液中磷酸盐的最大单层吸附容量差别不大;存在Ca~(2+)情况下,沉淀pH值为8.0和10.6时所得水合氧化锆对中性溶液中磷酸盐的最大单层吸附容量远远高于沉淀pH值为4.8时制备的水合氧化锆.沉淀pH值为4.8和8.0时所得水合氧化锆的吸磷机制主要是表面氯和羟基基团与磷酸盐之间的配位体交换作用,而沉淀pH值为10.6时所得水合氧化锆的吸磷机制主要是表面羟基基团与磷酸盐之间的配位体交换作用.以上研究结果显示,与沉淀pH值为4.8时制备的水合氧化锆相比,沉淀pH值为8.0和10.6时制备的水合氧化锆更加适合作为吸附剂去除废水中的磷酸盐.     

两种碳酸系Fe-LDHs负载改性沸石对Cd(Ⅱ)吸附特性对比研究

为提升以沸石为代表的天然吸附材料对重金属污染物吸附效果,并将新型功能材料层状双金属氢氧化物（layered double hydroxides,LDHs）有效应用于实际工程,采用水浴-共沉淀法制备两种Fe系碳酸型LDHs即时负载于沸石填料表面,利用场发射扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱分析仪（EDS）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对改性前后的沸石表面形态、化学成分和晶体结构进行表征;通过等温吸附及解吸附、吸附动力学、吸附热力学、竞争离子吸附和不同pH吸附试验,对比原始及改性沸石对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附效果及其作用机理.结果表明:①改性沸石对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附过程更符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型.②相较于原始沸石,两种改性沸石对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附性能明显提升,且MgFe-LDHs负载改性沸石理论最大饱和吸附容量更高.③沸石改性后对Cd（Ⅱ）的吸附由放热过程变为吸热过程.④吸附时间、竞争离子及pH对沸石吸附Cd（Ⅱ）的效果产生不同程度的影响.研究显示,MgFe-LDHs负载改性沸石最大饱和吸附容量显著提升,吸附能力更强,且在不同条件下均表现出优良的吸附特性,具有作为高效除镉填料的潜力.      

死亡藻细胞对水中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)的吸附研究

本文选用死亡的短裸甲藻（Gymnodinium breve cells）和中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）细胞作为吸附剂,分析了其理化性质,拟合了对邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（dibutyl phthalate,DBP）的吸附动力学和吸附等温线,探究了pH和离子强度对吸附效果的影响。结果表明:两种死亡藻细胞对DBP的吸附符合伪二级动力学模型,吸附过程以化学吸附为主,吸附等温线符合Freundlich模型,吸附过程为多层吸附主导的混合吸附;pH 从2.0至3.5时,两种死亡藻细胞的吸附量随pH的升高而降低,而pH从3.5至9.5时,吸附量随pH的增加而增大;NaCl浓度从0至0.05 mol/L时,两种死亡藻细胞对DBP的吸附量迅速增大,从0.05 mol/L升至0.50 mol/L过程中其吸附量基本没有变化。本研究证明了死亡藻细胞可以吸附水中的DBP,而且发现无细胞壁的短裸甲藻的吸附能力显著优于中肋骨条藻,研究结果对于死亡藻细胞应用于水环境中PAEs的去除具有重要意义。     

人工合成铁、铝矿对As(V)吸附的研究

采用批实验方法研究了人工合成铁、铝矿物对As(V)的吸附,考察吸附时间及溶液pH值对As(V)吸附的影响.结果表明,不同类型铁、铝矿对As(V)的吸附量均表现出随初始As(V)浓度(0.1~100mg/L)的增加而增加的趋势,其中水铁矿的吸附量在整个浓度范围内始终呈上升趋势,初始浓度为100mg/L As(V)时的吸附量为22.56mg/g,而针铁矿、水铝矿和赤铁矿的吸附量在低初始浓度时上升较快,随浓度升高上升幅度减缓直至平衡,其中赤铁矿的吸附量最小,100mg/L As(V)时的吸附量为4.75mg/g.Freundlich方程对吸附数据的拟合效果优于Langmuir方程,吸附能力表现为水铁矿最高,水铝矿和针铁矿相近,赤铁矿较低.随着吸附时间的增加,4种铁、铝矿物对As(V)的吸附量都逐渐增加,尤其是水铁矿,10min内即达到平衡吸附量的96.3%;水铝矿和针铁矿在48h时吸附量分别为平衡吸附量的97.2%和97.4%;赤铁矿则需96h才基本达到平衡.除水铁矿外,4种动力学方程对其他矿物动力学曲线的拟合均较好,尤其是双常数方程.pH值对矿物吸附As(V)的影响受As(V)初始浓度的影响,初始浓度较低时,铁、铝矿的吸附量仅在极碱条件下(pH>10)降低,而初始浓度较高时则表现为随pH值升高直线下降的趋势.     

锆改性高岭土原位改良技术控制重污染河道底泥磷释放效果

采用锆对高岭土进行改性,通过批量吸附实验考察了锆改性高岭土对水中磷酸盐的吸附性能,并通过底泥培养实验考察了锆改性高岭土原位改良技术对底泥磷释放的控制效果.结果表明,锆改性高岭土对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力随改性所用锆投加量的增加而增加.在制备锆改性高岭土过程中,溶液沉淀p H值由8增加到10时,锆改性高岭土对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力增加;沉淀p H值由10增加到11时,锆改性高岭土对磷的吸附能力基本不变;沉淀p H值由11增加到12时,锆改性高岭土的吸磷能力则下降.沉淀p H值为10时制备得到的锆改性高岭土对水中磷酸盐的吸附平衡数据可以采用Langmuir模型加以描述.大部分被锆改性高岭土中锆所吸附的磷酸盐(84%左右)主要以Na OH提取态磷(Na OH-P)和残渣态磷(Res-P)形态存在,低溶解氧情况下不容易被重新释放出来,同时重污染河道底泥会释放出大量的溶解性磷酸盐进入上覆水体;向重污染河道底泥中添加锆改性高岭土可以极大地削减底泥中磷向上覆水体迁移的通量.采用锆改性高岭土对底泥进行改良不仅增强了底泥对水中磷的吸附能力,而且降低了底泥的磷吸附-解吸平衡浓度(EPC0).因此,应用锆改性高岭土作为底泥改良剂可以有效控制重污染河道底泥磷释放.