Links between food trade,climate change and food security in developed countries: A case study of Sweden

Food security is a global concern affecting even highly developed countries. Ongoing globalisation of food systems, characterised by trading interdependencies, means that agricultural production can be disrupted by climate change, affecting food availability. This study investigated Sweden’s food security by identifying major food import categories and associated trade partners (using the World Integrated Trade System database) and vulnerability to frictions in trade deriving from climate change. Vulnerability was assessed through three indicators: exposure based on diversity of sources, dominance and direct trade from supplying countries; sensitivity, assessed using the Climate Risk Index, and adaptive capacity, assessed using the Fragile State Index. The results revealed that Sweden’s grain imports may be most vulnerable, and animal products least vulnerable, to climate change. Management strategies based on this preliminary assessment can be developed by integrating climate vulnerability deriving from food trading into the ‘Gravity’ model, to improve prediction of trade flows.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01623-w.     

农户对农业面源污染认知及其环境友好型生产行为的差异分析——以江西省袁河流域化肥施用为例

农户是农业面源污染排放的主体,农户对农业面源污染认知与其环境友好型生产行为对农业面源污染防治具有重要影响。对江西省袁河流域263个农户进行问卷调查,考察了农户对农业面源污染的认知和及其施肥行为,采用双变量Probit模型对农户的农业面源污染认知与环境友好型生产行为的差异性进行检验。结果表明,农户对农业面源污染的认知程度较低,大部分农户在农业生产中并未考虑化肥施用行为对环境的影响。农户受教育程度、从事农业生产年限、农业收入在家庭收入中的比例等因素解释了农业面源污染认知与环境友好型生产行为的差异性。加强农业环境保护宣传和农业技术培训、促进土地的规模经营、实现规模化集约化管理,是加快环境友好型农业发展,从源头控制农业面源污染的重要举措。