喷流塔脱硫除尘技术研究

基于强化喷淋装置传质过程,开发了一种结构简单、压降小、效率高、生产能力大的脱硫除尘装置——喷流塔。实验表明,液气比L/G=15L/m3时,除尘效率≥994%,流化层压降≤300Pa;采用CaCa双碱法脱硫工艺,pH=7～8、L/G=10～12L/m3时,脱硫效率≥92%,流化层压降≤450Pa。在脱硫操作条件下可同时脱除996%以上的烟尘,适于脱硫除尘一体化操作。     

全沸腾式烟气脱硫除尘技术的研究

文中介绍了QFTC型全沸腾式脱硫除尘器的基本工作原理、装置结构形式及主要特点、主要技术经济指标、实际应用效果。结果表明 ,在未加脱硫剂情况下 ,脱硫效率达到 63.9% ,除尘效率达96.3%。它具有运行可靠、高效、简单和投资低等优点     

全沸腾式烟气脱硫除尘技术的研究

文中介绍了QFTC型全沸腾式脱硫除尘器的基本工作原理、装置结构形式及主要特点、主要技术经济指标、实际应用效果。结果表明,在未加脱硫剂情况下,脱硫效率达到63．9％,除尘效率达96．3％。它具有运行可靠、高效、简单和投资低等优点。     

复合型除尘器除尘脱硫一体化工艺实验研究

试验研究了专利产品“高压静电滤槽复合型卧式除尘器”的除尘脱硫一体化工艺。试验表明，在布袋前方的末级电场中实行半干法脱硫工艺具有可行性，可达到除尘脱硫一体化目的。试验同时研究了钙硫比、脱硫灰循环率、饱和温距、喷水量和SO2浓度等对脱硫率的影响。该工艺适用于以低硫煤为燃料的锅炉进行除尘脱硫。     

复合型除尘器除尘脱硫一体化工艺实验研究

试验研究了专利产品"高压静电滤槽复合型卧式除尘器"的除尘脱硫一体化工艺.试验表明,在布袋前方的末级电场中实行半干法脱硫工艺具有可行性,可达到除尘脱硫一体化目的.试验同时研究了钙硫比、脱硫灰循环率、饱和温距、喷水量和SO2浓度等对脱硫率的影响.该工艺适用于以低硫煤为燃料的锅炉进行除尘脱硫.     

煤渣床层烟气脱硫除尘试验

利用燃煤锅炉本身产生的煤渣作为基本工作介质,添加石灰和水,构成湿润床层,进行烟气脱硫和除尘。通过实验室试验,确定了配料比例,基本操作条件和相应的脱硫除尘效果及床层阻力。通过现场热态试验,验证实际应用的操作参数及脱硫,除尘效果,并探讨实用装置的构造和 的可行性。     

球团竖炉烟尘除尘脱硫净化技术设备

本文介绍了球团竖炉的烟尘排放特性 ,分析了烟尘回收效益及脱硫、除尘、除雾一体化技术设备 ,该技术设备是一种紧凑合理、高效耐用、性价比高、管理方便、适合国情的大气环境净化技术设备     

双循环多级水幕吸收塔烟气除尘脱硫性能研究

以改进后的双循环多级水幕塔对烟气进行除尘脱硫性能的研究,利用双循环不同pH值控制的优点和多级水幕的效果,增加气液接触面积和传质动力,提高SO₂吸收效果。在正交实验的最佳运行工况基础上,实验从烟气流量、上下两段pH、L/G和SO₂进气浓度等方面进行单因素研究。结果表明,除尘效率维持在98%以上,进气SO₂浓度在5 000 mg/m³以下时,脱硫率在93%以上。上段pH值为6、下段pH值为5、L/G在15左右的脱硫效率和运行工况最佳,无结垢现象发生。改进后的吸收塔具有良好的应用前景,实验结果对于现场脱硫设备的调试和运行有很好的参考价值。     

半干法烧结烟气脱硫灰中亚硫酸钙氧化研究

针对半干法烧结烟气脱硫灰因CaSO3含量高难以有效综合利用的问题,采用静态和动态氧化实验,结合热重-差热分析探讨了半干法烧结烟气脱硫灰中CaSO3的氧化效果.实验结果表明,在沮度为45～90℃,以MnO2、Fe2O3、V2O3为催化剂时,脱硫灰中CaSO3的氧化率不超过3%,催化效果好差为MnO2Fe2O3V2O5;在温度为400～500℃、气固比(空气体积流量与脱硫灰质量比)为0.02～0.06m3/(g·h)、反应时间为30～60min、无外加催化剂时.脱硫灰中CaSO,3的氧化率为40.4%～100.0%;温度在450℃以上时,CaSO3氧化率均在80%以上.     

Ion exchange treatment of rinse water generated in the galvanizing process.

A study was conducted of the viability of using the cationic exchange resins Amberlite IR-120 and Lewatit SP-112 to treat rinse water generated in the galvanizing process as well as acidic wastewater containing zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe). Solutions containing either 100 mg/L of Zn at pH 5.6 (rinse water) or Fe and Zn at concentrations of 320 and 200 mg/L at pH 1.5 (acidic water), respectively, were percolated through packed beds until the resins were exhausted. Breakthrough capacities obtained ranged between 1.1 and 1.5 meq metal/mL resin. The elution of metal and the regeneration of resins were performed with hydrochloric acid. The influence of the flowrate used during the loading stage was also studied, with 0.5 bed volumes/min (3.2 cm/min) found to be the optimum flowrate.     

厌氧陈腐垃圾模拟柱对渗滤液COD和NH_3-N的处理特性

通过实地钻取阿苏卫填埋场陈腐垃圾,真实模拟填埋场压实工艺,制作2种不同压实密度的陈腐垃圾模拟柱,对比研究其对渗滤液COD、NH3-N处理效果。结果表明,当模拟柱压实密度为1.09 t/m3时,渗滤液垂直运动明显;回灌此模拟柱水力负荷分别为18.6、28、37.2和46.5 L/t时,COD去除效果稳定,平均去除率达82.4%,最高去除率可达90.1%;出水NH3-N浓度均值为549.3 mg/L,且介于415～700 mg/L间变化。自循环回灌COD去除率最高仅为11.5%,NH3-N去除率最高仅为11.8%,两者去除效果不明显。因此,北方平原型填埋场进一步完善填埋工艺,使填埋场垂直方向渗透系数分布均匀,充分利用陈腐垃圾堆体的自降解能力,才是处理渗滤液污染的关键。     

厌氧陈腐垃圾模拟柱对渗滤液COD和NH_3-N的处理特性

通过实地钻取阿苏卫填埋场陈腐垃圾,真实模拟填埋场压实工艺,制作2种不同压实密度的陈腐垃圾模拟柱,对比研究其对渗滤液COD、NH3-N处理效果。结果表明,当模拟柱压实密度为1.09 t/m3时,渗滤液垂直运动明显;回灌此模拟柱水力负荷分别为18.6、28、37.2和46.5 L/t时,COD去除效果稳定,平均去除率达82...     

基于O3/AC耦合工艺对丁基黄药与COD的同步去除性能及降解机理

针对臭氧氧化技术处理含丁基黄药废水COD去除率低等问题,提出了O₃/AC耦合工艺。在探讨单独、耦合工艺的丁基黄药去除率和COD去除率、反应影响因素和降解路径的基础上,进一步发掘该耦合工艺对丁基黄药及COD的同步去除性能。结果表明：臭氧(O₃)及活性炭(AC)的单独作用均对丁基黄药或COD有一定的去除效果,通过O₃/AC的耦合作用则可使丁基黄药的去除率达99.9%,亦使COD的去除率由O₃单独作用下的42.9%显著提升至77.2%,且实现最高去除率的时间由AC单独处理所需的80 min缩减至30~40 min;拟一级反应动力学分析结果表明,丁基黄药的反应速率常数表现为$k{_\text{(O3/AC)}}$>$k{_\text{O3}}$>k_AC,COD的反应速率常数表现为$k{_\text{(O3/AC)}}$>k_AC>$k{_\text{O3}}$,O₃/AC耦合工艺去除丁基黄药及COD的反应速率常数均大于两种单独处理工艺;紫外-可见(UV-vis)光谱分析表明丁基黄药在O₃、O₃/AC作用下生成中间有机产物,结合GC-MS对产物的鉴定结果表明其中间有机产物可能为丁酸等物质,并以此对O₃/AC耦合工艺同步去除丁基黄药及COD的降解路径进行了初步推测。     

精轧工艺颗粒物污染特征及其岗位环境浓度监测

为探究我国钢铁行业热轧厂精轧工艺的污染特征,利用扫描电镜(SEM)和激光粒度分布测定实验以及现场实测,于2019年夏季对广东省某典型热轧厂精轧工艺颗粒物进行微观形貌、粒径分布及其岗位环境污染规律研究。结果表明,精轧工艺所产颗粒物外观呈不规则块状形态,粒径集中在2.423~3.519 μm,其Rosin-Rammler粒径分布函数的均匀度指数为1.769,特征尺寸为2.932 μm。该结果为精轧工艺进行净化除尘数值模拟分析奠定了基础;其岗位环境颗粒物浓度随时间呈周期性波动变化,精轧区测点浓度沿轧制方向逐架递增,PM_2.5/PM₁₀均值比例依次为0.807、0.749、0.912,侧面反映了精轧源的污染特性。在精轧区排风罩设计中,建议沿轧制方向,每架精轧机排风罩的设计风量依次增大,达到精准控制局部环境的效果。     

Decomposition of gas-phase trichloroethene by the UV/TiO2 process in the presence of ozone.

The decomposition of gas-phase trichloroethene (TCE) in air streams by direct photolysis, the UV/TiO2 and UV/O3 processes was studied. The experiments were carried out under various UV light intensities and wavelengths, ozone dosages, and initial concentrations of TCE to investigate and compare the removal efficiency of the pollutant. For UV/TiO2 process, the individual contribution to the decomposition of TCE by direct photolysis and hydroxyl radicals destruction was differentiated to discuss the quantum efficiency with 254 and 365 nm UV lamps. The removal of gaseous TCE was found to reduce by UV/TiO2 process in the presence of ozone possibly because of the ozone molecules could scavenge hydroxyl radicals produced from the excitation of TiO2 by UV radiation to inhibit the decomposition of TCE. A photoreactor design equation for the decomposition of gaseous TCE by the UV/TiO2 process in air streams was developed by combining the continuity equation of the pollutant and the surface catalysis reaction rate expression. By the proposed design scheme, the temporal distribution of TCE at various operation conditions by the UV/TiO2 process can be well modeled.     

Decomposition of non-ionic surfactant Tergitol TMN-10 by the Fenton process in the presence of iron oxide nanoparticles

The aim of our studies was to determine the efficiency of decomposition of non-ionic surfactant by the Fenton method in the presence of iron nanocompounds and to compare it with the classical Fenton method. The subject of studies was water solutions of non-ionic detergent Tergitol TMN-10 used in textile industry. Water solutions of the surfactant were subjected to treatment by the classical Fenton method and to treatment in the presence of iron nanocompounds. In the samples of liquid solutions containing the surfactant, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) were determined. The Fenton process was optimized based on studies of the effect of compounds used in the treatment, doses of iron and nanoiron, hydrogen peroxide and pH of the solution on surfactant decomposition. Iron oxide nanopowder catalyzed the process of detergent decomposition, increasing its efficiency and the degree of mineralization. It was found that the efficiency of the surfactant decomposition in the process with the use of iron nanocompounds was by 10 to 30 % higher than that in the classical method. The amounts of formed deposits were also several times smaller.     

鼠李糖脂在铜绿假单胞菌NY3代谢烃过程中的生理作用

为了解鼠李糖脂在菌代谢烃过程中所起的具体作用,对NY3菌体生理生化指标进行测定,研究了NY3菌降解烃过程中,鼠李糖脂促进烃降解与细胞生理特性变化规律的相关性。结果表明,投加60、100和140 mg/L鼠李糖脂,能使正十六烷降解率分别提高23.7%、48.3%和32.2%,且产酸明显。鼠李糖脂能加快疏水性有机物的传质速度,与未加鼠李糖脂相比,鼠李糖脂浓度为100和140 mg/L时,菌细胞内积聚的正十六烷量增加12.5%和37.69%。鼠李糖脂存在下,NY3菌细胞内正十六烷吸收是一个积累和消耗相互交替的动态过程。鼠李糖脂使菌体细胞中疏水性脂类的相对含量和细胞表面的负电荷明显增加,但使所生长的细胞内脂多糖含量明显减少,生长过程投加鼠李糖脂浓度为60、100、140和200 mg/L时,细胞中脂多糖含量分别减少45.65%、58.13%、45.61%、和59.44%。因此,鼠李糖脂能加快NY3菌对十六烷的降解,同时对代谢过程中菌体的生理生化特性有明显的改变。     

高浓度有机废水处理过程中单宁、木质素的降解机理

采用UASB 接触氧化工艺对亚麻沤制废水进行了试验研究 ,结果表明 :COD去除率可达 95 %～ 97% ,BOD5去除率为 96 %～ 99%。生物难降解的单宁、木素类物质去除率为 75 %～ 86 %。对单宁、木素类物质的生物化学特性和降解机理进行了系统的分析和阐述