砂金矿废水治理技术

本文介绍了我国砂金矿废水的性质和对水环境造成的污染。并根据砂金矿废水处理的理论依据，详细的论述了国内砂金矿废水的处理技术、工艺流程和研究结果，同时提出了在实际应用时的一些具体措施。     

城市水系闸门调控技术研究及应用

分析了城市水环境问题的胁迫要素，认为要将生态水利的发展观充分渗透到城市现代水利建设中。基于水质水量的联合调度，对城市水资源进行科学配置；基于当前城市已经形成的一定水利格局和水环境状况，认为科学管理城市水利设施更有现实意义。提出了闸门调控的理论框架和技术路线，研究了利用闸门调控改善城市水系环境质量的理论方法。     

水磨河流域污染治理回顾

水磨河过去是全疆八条主要城市河流中,达到严重污染级的第一条河流,该河位于乌鲁木齐北郊五公里处的一条南北向峡长的山谷中,属天山东山支脉,东山水系的一个独立的水文地质单元,河宽五一十米,其源头位于富水性较强的二叠系白云喀斯特溶岩断层带。由十几     

泸州市水质污染的初步分析

泸州市水资源极为丰富.以长江为主干的支流密布整个区域,由南北两侧汇入长江,形成了不对称树枝状水系网络,为泸州市的经济发展提供了得天独厚的优越条件。     

泸州市水质污染的初步分析

泸州市水资源极力丰富.以长江为主干的支流密布整个区域,由南北两侧汇入长江,形成了不对称树枝状水系网络,为泸州市的经济发展提供了得天独厚的优越条件.     

秦皇岛近海沉积物特征研究

基于对秦皇岛洋河口附近海域海底439件表层沉积物、40件柱状样进行粒度分析,了解洋河口附近海域表层沉积物以及砂层分布情况,确定调查区内西南侧浅表层沉积物主要以细砂、中细砂为主,可作为海滩养护砂源;东北侧以粘土质砂和砂·粉砂·粘土为主,不适合直接用于海滩养护工程。     

三峡库区重庆段鲶鱼和鲤鱼体内持久性有机污染物分析

为了了解三峡库区重庆段水体中持久性有机污染物的生物富集情况,对该水体部分鱼类样品进行了分析。分析结果显示三峡库区重庆段水体中的部分持久性有机污染物已经在鲶鱼和鲤鱼体内形成富集,其检出浓度较之水体中对应浓度要高出2~4个数量级。     

建设生态矿山,打造绿色企业——焦家金矿节能减排工作纪实

焦家金矿坐落在胶东半岛莱州市东北部渤海湾畔,1975年开始筹建,1980年建成投产,隶属于冶金工业部,1988年下放到山东省黄金局,1996年归属山东黄金集团,2004年并于山东黄金矿业股份有限公司。2006年底,与望儿山金矿及仓上金矿寺庄矿区实现了全方位整合,形成了"一矿三区"的全新发展格局。近年来,焦家金矿牢固树立"以人为本、和谐发展"的经营理念,在做大、做强黄金主业     

蚌埠市无公害食品产业现状及发展对策

无公害食品,指的是无污染、无毒害、安全优质的食品。无公害食品(绿色食品)分为AA级和A级两种,其主要区别是在生产过程中,AA级不使用任何农药、化肥和人工合成激素;A级则允许限量使用限定的农药、化肥和合成激素。     

酸调质—氧化降解法提高含油污泥的沉降性能

文章以新疆油田采油二厂含油污泥为研究对象,对影响其沉降性能的因素进行分析,认为原油和地层黏土矿物在水系中相同的电负性有助于含油污泥稳定,松散的聚合物是含油污泥体积变大的主要原因,可通过酸调质—氧化降解方式提高含油污泥的沉降性能,减小体积。实验结果表明:通过盐酸调质和二氧化氯的氧化降解,含油污泥1.5h的沉降比由5.2%提高到了70.1%,同时能回收一定的原油。     

GOLD-MINING EFFECTS ON HEAVY METALS IN STREAMS,CIRCLE QUADRANGLE,ALASKA1

Placer gold mining, which extracts gold from buried or exposed alluvia, is often conducted on or near streams. Such mining has the potential to adversely affect water quality. Other heavy metals associated with the gold (such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper) may be freed to enter streams. Mercury may also enter streams if miners are using it to recover fine particles of gold. These heavy metals are toxic and thus may be harmful to the aquatic life of the streams receiving effluent or runoff from placer mines. In 1982 we sampled two streams intensively - one heavily mined and one unmined - for total recoverable arsenic, mercury, lead, zinc, and copper. Only mercury was not significantly higher in concentration in the mined streams. In 1983 we sampled two stream pairs three times, and 10 other sites at least once, for total and dissolved arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, zinc, and copper. Mercury and cadmium were not significantly elevated in mined streams, but the concentrations of total arsenic, lead, zinc, and copper, and dissolved arsenic and zinc were significantly higher in streams below active placer mining sites than in these that were not being mined or those that had never been mined. Additionally, total arsenic, lead, zinc, and copper and dissolved arsenic and copper became elevated after mining began in 1983 on a previously unmined stream.     

GOLD-MINING EFFECTS ON STREAM HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY,CIRCLE QUADRANGLE,ALASKA1

Effects of placer mining on the hydrology and water quality of several interior Alaska streams were studied as part of a project on the impacts of placer mining on stream ecosystems. Surface and subsurface waters were analyzed in the field for conductivity, pH, temperature, alkalinity, total and calcium hardnesses, iron, copper, manganese, ammonia-N, nitrate-N, nitrite-N, settleable solids, and turbidity. Total, nonfiltrable, and filtrable residues were determined in the laboratory. In the streams placer mining increased turbidity, settleable solids, nonfiltrable and filtrable residues and total iron. Surface and subsurface water levels, as measured in wells driven in the stream beds, were correlated with stream flow. Fine sediment deposited on stream beds in mined drainages reduced the hydraulic contact between the surface and subsurface waters of the stream and caused the piezometric water level to be below the surface water level of the mined streams. This resulted in higher specific conductance and significantly lower dissolved oxygen concentrations in the subsurface waters of mined streams compared to their surface waters. No significant differences were found for any water quality characteristics comparing surface to subsurface waters for the unmined streams.     

嘉陵江C市段源水中有机污染物定性研究

采用XAD-2树脂富集水中有机物，用GC＼MS进行定性分析。对嘉陵江C市段水源水中有机污染物进行分析，共检出有机污染物13种，其中以多环芳烃，邻苯二甲酸酯类为主，并且有3种物质为中国环境优先控制污染物，分别是邻苯二甲酸二辛酯，邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、荧蒽。     

胶州湾水质自动站周边水质及运行效果分析

据2016年胶州湾水质自动监测的数据结果,分析了水质变化趋势,并统计和评价其水质超标情况。结果表明:2016-04—11水质自动站海域溶解氧质量浓度和pH 的日均值均达到二类海水水质标准,达标率为100%;活性磷酸盐年均值为0.023mg/L,无机氮年均值为0.154mg/L,以硝酸盐为主(64.9%);无机氮和活性磷酸盐超标率均为16.7%,而且集中在降雨量较大的8月、9月,营养盐指标超标基本与海泊河的淡水输入有关;叶绿素a质量浓度与溶解氧、pH 和浊度呈显著正相关,浮游植物光合作用对该海域表层海水的水质参数影响较大;自动站监测和人工监测的营养盐在年际变化上呈现较一致的趋势,说明运用水质自动站监测该海域的营养盐变化趋势较为准确。     

Hotel water consumption at a seasonal mass tourist destination. The case of the island of Mallorca

While it is true that tourism is one of the main driving forces behind economic growth in several world regions, it is also true that tourism can have serious negative environmental impacts, especially with regard to water resources. The tourist water demand can generate big problems of sustainability, mainly in those regions where water is scarce, as occurs in most coastal and small island destinations where a large part of world tourism is concentrated. Given the shortage of literature on the subject, further research into the tourist water demand is required, with particular attention to the hotel sector, since hotels are the most popular option for tourists, displaying higher levels of water consumption. The main purpose of this study is to develop a model to analyse hotel water consumption at a mature sun and sand destination with a strong seasonal pattern and scarcity of water; characteristics shared by some of the world's main tourist destinations. Our model includes a set of different hotel variables associated with physical, seasonal and management-related factors and it improves on the capacity to explain water consumption at such destinations. Following a hierarchical regression methodology, the model is empirically tested through a survey distributed to managers of a representative sample of hotels on the island of Mallorca. From the obtained results, interesting recommendations can be made for both hotel managers and policy makers. Among these, it should be highlighted that the strategic move contemplated by many mature destinations towards a higher quality, low-season model could have significant negative effects in terms of the sustainability of water resources. Our results also conclude that managerial decisions, like the system of accommodation that is offered (i.e. the proliferation of the "all-inclusive" formula, both at mature and new destinations), could give rise to the same negative effect. Development of water saving initiatives (usually introduced in response to demand-based factors), also reveals significant effects over water consumption. Finally, other key factor in explaining hotel water consumption is the management system under which the hotel is run.     

洪泽湖底栖动物群落结构及水质季节变化分析

为阐明洪泽湖底栖动物的群落结构及水质变化状况,采用生物多样性指数法、综合污染指数、CCA分析等方法,对洪泽湖的底栖动物群落结构空间布局及其水质状况进行了季度调查,探究环境因子对底栖动物生长的影响规律.结果 表明:(1)底栖动物种类以甲壳纲、多毛纲、双壳纲为主;(2) CPI分析表明,TN、TP是洪泽湖主要的超地表水Ⅲ类...     

沸石负载型TiO2处理炼化反渗透浓缩水的研究

利用沸石负载型二氧化钛对炼化企业的反渗透浓缩水进行研究,考察了催化剂对浓缩水的处理效果及影响降解的因素。由实验结果可知:沸石负载型二氧化钛对反渗透浓缩水TOC降解率达到67.4%,降解浓缩水的最佳条件为:pH值为4～6,温度30～40℃,光照时间2.5h,催化剂投加量为1.5g/L。实验为浓缩水处理技术的发展提供了新的依据。     

长江干流江苏段水质评价

利用长江干流江苏段16个断面的水质监测资料,采用最差因子评价法,对长江干流江苏段的16个断面水质状况进行了分析评价。结果表明,长江干流江苏段的水质以Ⅱ、Ⅲ类为主,夏半年的水质优于冬半年,部分断面水质较差,各断面的主要污染物以氨氮为主。     

POLLUTANT REMOVAL FROM COAL-ASH BASIN EFFLUENT1

ABSTRACT: The drainage system for an ash basin serving a coal-fired power plant at the Savannah River Project, Aiken, South Carolina, has been studied for 15 months to determine abiotic and biotic characteristics and mechanisms of pollutant removal. Measurements made included temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, alkalinity, conductance, flow rate, sulfate, nitrate, and phosphate. In addition, neutron activation analysis was employed to determine concentrations of 40 chemical elements in water, benthos, bacterial, plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate samples collected at six sampling stations. Five-day toxicity tests were performed using organisms from within and from outside the system. Conductance, pH, alkalinity and sulfate concentration varied little throughout the system. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, nitrate, phosphate, and flow rate decreased at stations farther removed from the ash basin. Concentrations of most chemical elements measured were greatest in benthos (75 percent of total) and least in water (less than one percent of total), indicating that a major removal mechanism was sedimentation of suspended particulate matter. Eight elements (Br, Ca, C1, Cd, Na, Sb, Se, and Zn) were more highly concentrated in one or more biotic forms than in benthos. Among heavy metals only Cr was concentrated to a greater extent by plants than by animals. Midges were the greatest concentrators of Fe, Cu, Cr, Hg, Co, Sb, and As among all organisms. Plants concentrated only 15 percent of the total heavy metal concentration found in the benthos. Light, metals were more highly concentrated in animals than in plants, although all plants were found to possess 19 percent of the concentration present in the benthos and water. As and Sb were in low concentration within the system; however, on a percentage basis, these potentially toxic elements were relatively highly concentrated by a number of organisms. Active metals (Ca, Na, and K) and halogens (CI, Br, and I) were highly concentrated by most organisms. Active metals were more concentrated in crayfish and mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis, than in benthos, whereas most organisms had higher concentrations of halogens than were found in benthic sediments. Primary producers within the system were least efficient in concentration of all elements except Mn. Consumers (invertebrates and vertebrates) were found to possess highest concentrations of all other elements. Organisms found within the drainage system were observed to be able to survive a five-day toxicity test at any point within the system, whereas organisms not existing within the system were observed to vary in their resistance to the drainage system environment. The findings of this study demonstrate the necessity for the operation of entire food chains in pollutant removal and indicate potential means for increasing cycling efficiency by selective addition of resistant consumers to such a system.     

油气田开发水资源高效利用探

在油气田开发过程中,尤其是干旱缺水地区,处理好生产用水与产出废水之间的关系是油气田企业可持续发展的重要问题。油气田开发水资源高效利用的最终目的是减少淡水的消耗量,主要体现在新鲜水的合理使用及产出废水的回收再利用两个方面。提出应以产出废水为生产水源,研发适合其水质特征的工作液体系,实现产出废水"免处理"再利用;建立油气田开发水管理体系,根据水的不同用途,科学调配新鲜水和产出废水,实现水资源的高效利用。