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中国废旧手机产生量时空分布研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
手机是人们生活中最为常见的电器电子产品,中国则是全球最大的手机生产地和消费国,相应的每年产生大量的废旧手机.废旧手机是一类典型的废弃电器电子产品,因其具有资源与污染的双重属性而受到了国际社会的广泛关注,如何构建高效的管理体系实现废旧手机的可持续管理是全球各界近年来面临的共同课题.产生量是废弃电器电子产品管理的重要基础信息.目前国内外有关废弃电器电子产品产生量的数据主要通过估算获得,估算结果的准确性尚有提升空间.本文基于权威数据,采用市场供给A模型、消费与使用模型、注册更新模型等3种不同的方法对中国的废旧手机产生量进行了估算.其中,基于注册更新模型的结果显示,1998年与2013年中国废旧手机产生量分别为28.00万部与7.99亿部.在此基础上针对中国废旧手机产生量空间区域分布的研究显示,经济发达的东部区域产生了接近半数的废旧手机.由于考虑"水货"和"山寨"手机对销售量进行了校正,本文的结果明显高于已有研究,更加符合实际,可以为中国的废旧手机管理工作提供科学依据. 相似文献
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废旧电脑的资源化管理及回收利用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
废旧电脑是主要的电子废弃物之一,随着电子与信息工业的飞速发展,废旧电脑的数量猛增。本文针对废旧电脑的危害及回收利用进行了综合论述,介绍了国内外关于废旧电脑的管理及回收利用情况,并对废旧电脑的回收利用提出建议。 相似文献
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废旧电脑污染问题及其管理对策 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:9
主要论述了国内外废旧电脑污染及处理现状、废旧电脑对环境的危害、废旧电脑回收与利用的应用前景,结合我国的实际,提出了对肇是电脑回收利用的管理对策及建议。 相似文献
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刘永静 《环境与可持续发展》2004,(3):6-7
废旧电脑是主要的电子废弃物之一,随着电子与信息工业的飞速发展,废旧电脑的数量猛增。本文针对废旧电脑的危害及回收利用进行了综合论述,介绍了国内外关于废旧电脑的管理及回收利用情况,并对废旧电脑的回收利用提出建议。 相似文献
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电子垃圾已逐渐成为一个不容回避的新环保问题.在全球范围内,每年产生的电子垃圾数量惊人.据有关数据,每年世界各地产生的电子废料达2000万至5000万吨.其中,亚洲每年产生约1200万吨电子废物.由于电子产品升级换代的速度加快,电子新品不断推出,废弃电子产品的积累越来越多,电子垃圾的产生量提高.目前,包括废旧电脑、废弃家电、废旧手机、打印机等电子废料已占城市固体废料的5%. 相似文献
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我国大陆地区电器电子产品报废量预测研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
随着我国电器电子产品的报废量不断增长,准确预测报废量及其分布对回收网络体系规划研究十分关键.本文利用Gompertz模型及保有量系数法对我国电器电子产品报废量进行建模,在验证预测模型及结果准确性的前提下,对全国31个省2003—2020年电视机、电冰箱、洗衣机、空调及电脑的报废量进行预测,并对5种家用电器报废总量构成、时间序列及空间分布进行分析.结果表明,到2020年,我国5种家用电器报废量将达到20.3亿台,广东省以1794万台报废量列居全国首位,上海市以1083台·km~(-2)的报废密度列居首位;按现有回收处理规模,2014年全国仍存在103万t待处理缺口.最后对废旧电器电子产品拆解处理产能布局提出了合理化建议,为我国的家用电器回收网络规划提供参考. 相似文献
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杨峋 《石油化工环境保护》2001,24(3):36-38
对工业生产中产生的废弃石油产品的处理方法进行了讨论,介绍废润滑油和废燃料的再生流程和工艺特点,为废弃石油产品的处理提供了一条新途径。 相似文献
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糠醛制造业在生产过程中会产生大量高浓度废水,属重污染行业。通过实测其塔下废水中化学需氧量(COD)和生化需氧量(BOD)的产生量,并结合糠醛制造业具体工作实际进行数据分析,作者认为:塔下废水属难生化性废水;COD和BOD产生量与企业设计生产能力无直接关系;设备陈旧、管理粗放是影响COD和BOD产生量的主要因素;而从源头减少污染物的产生,是提高中国糠醛制造业活力和竞争力的关键。 相似文献
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Severe industrial pollution has largely hindered the sustainable development of China. Taking Shenzhen’s electroplating industry as a case, this article investigates the current status of the industry and proposes a specialized policy framework to push its environmental innovation. There is a relatively complete environmental management system in Shenzhen’s government, but it does not work well when dealing with the electroplating industry, mainly because it lacks regulation aiming at production technology, which is the underlying decisive factor of the environmental performance of the industry. So, we first develop an evaluation criterion, which incorporates a technological index about whether enterprises engage identified obsolete technologies. With this evaluation criterion, enterprises are classified into “advanced” and “obsolete”. Then, we propose specific policy suggestions for different types of enterprises, including command and control mixed with economic tools, voluntary agreements, establishing electroplating parks, and improving current management system. Finally, we assess the impact of the policy proposal and prove it to be conducive to the sustainable development of the industry and conclude it from a more general perspective. 相似文献
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China has now the largest annual outputs of galvanized steel and the most amount of galvanizing plants in the world. However, with obsolete technology, the hot dip galvanizing industry has been proved as one of the industries, which consume large amounts of raw materials and energy, produce numerous pollutants and causes serious contamination in China. Cleaner Production in the hot dip galvanizing industry is now the only way to achieve the sustainable development of hot dip galvanizing industry. The implementation of the Common Fund for Commodities (CFC) project: The Transfer of Technology and Promotion of demand: Batch hot dip galvanizing in China launched by International Zinc Association (IZA) is introduced in this paper, The Best Available Technologies of operation, energy and environmental management in the world are also introduced. With the implementation of the project, an assessment system of Cleaner Production and a training system have been developed and implementation of technical updating to the demonstration plant shows that the reduction of zinc loss, and water and fuel cost savings can be achieved. It is believed that the methodology of the project can be applied throughout China as the galvanizers see the cost benefits. 相似文献
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Joakim Krook Annica Carlsson Mats Eklund Per Frändegård Niclas Svensson 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2011,19(9-10):1052-1056
Large technical systems serving the everyday needs of people, such as water supply systems, power grids or communication networks, are rich in accumulated metals. Over time, parts of these systems have been taken out of use without the system infrastructure being removed from its original location. Such metal stocks in hibernation thus constitute potential resource reservoirs accessible for recovery. In this paper, obsolete stocks of copper situated in the local power grids of two Swedish cities are quantified. Emphasis is also on economic conditions for extracting such “hibernating” cables. The results show that on a per customer basis, the two power grids contain similar amounts of copper, i.e. 0.04–0.05 tonnes per subscriber. However, the share of the copper stock that is in hibernation differs between the grids. In the larger grid of Gothenburg, almost 20% of the copper accumulated in the grid is no longer in use, while the obsolete share does not exceed 5% in the city of Linköping. For managers of local power grids, recovery of hibernating cables could be beneficial if integrated with other maintenance work on the grid. At the present price of copper, however, separate recovery of obsolete cables is not economically justified. 相似文献
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随着人口的增长,固体废物对于环境的污染越来越大,而科学技术的飞速发展,导致了电脑设备更新换代越来越快.本文分析了废旧电脑设备的环境危害和主要特点,资源化回收利用方法和回收程序,对比分析不同国家对待废旧电脑设备所采取的政策,然后详细介绍了我国废旧电脑设备管理与回收利用对策,其根本解决对策是加强立法、强化管理、健全回收网络和依靠科技进步. 相似文献