共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
目的是研究金银花黄色素的最佳提取工艺条件。采用正交试验法,以提取剂与原料用量比(A)、提取时间(B)、微波功率(C)和提取次数(D)4个因素,每个因素选取3个水平进行实验,提取次数与微波功率对提取有极显著影响。其最佳工艺条件为:提取剂为无水乙醇,提取剂与原料用量比为1:50(g/ml),提取时间为50s,微波功率为700W,提取次数为3次。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
钻井废水的处理现状与展望 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
油气井钻探过程中产生大量钻井废水,会对环境产生污染。本文介绍了钻井废水的来源、组成及其对环境的影响,着重介绍了目前钻井废水的处理工艺、方法和处理剂,并对钻井废水处理技术的发展进行了展望。 相似文献
8.
9.
大蒜多糖具有众多的生理功能,有很高的经济价值。以大蒜为原料,采用超声辅助酶解法提取大蒜多糖,具有高速、高效、节能、环保等优点。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验进一步优化提取工艺条件,确定影响提取率的主次因素分别为超声酶解时间、料液比、提取温度和提取时间。结果表明,先期酶解条件为温度50℃、pH5.O、酶用量5.0%,最佳提取条件为超声波酶解时间40min、料液比(m/V)1:3、提取温度85℃、提取时间50min,多糖提取率达72.64%。 相似文献
10.
利用现有装备处理钻井废水,处理后的水质已不能满足2000年企业污染物排放达标的规定要求。川东钻探公司从美国引进了Hydrocal钻井污水处理系统,对目前石油系统钻井废水普遍存在的技术问题进行了探讨,提出了应借鉴国外钻井污水处理系统的优点。建议钻井废水处理装备的研制仍然应采用提高混凝沉淀效果、固液分离水平及控制水平等 相似文献
11.
John K. Yu Martin M. Fogel 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1978,14(5):1239-1250
ABSTRACT: Use-oriented benefits and treatment costs analysis has been incorporated into a water quality index to show an economically optimized concentration for the treatment of the pollutants and the resulting water quality. This combined water quality index can be used in decisionmaking at the federal and local government levels. Five major pollutants, i.e., coliforms, nitrogen, phosphorus, suspended solids, and detergent, have been considered for the municipal waste water. With each higher level of improvement the treatment costs increase accordingly and the benefits associated with the reuse of this treated waste water will increase too but not for the nutrient removal in agricultural use. The optimal concentration is determined when the marginal costs equal the marginal benefits. The combined water quality index is the combination of the maximum net benefits and the water quality index of the optimized residual concentrations. This water quality index is zero dollars for the Tucson region in this study. The possible reclaimed use of municipal waste water is for agricultural irrigation and recreational lakes for the Tucson region. 相似文献
12.
13.
不合理地片面强调钻井废水的回用,是造成废水处理质量不高的重要原因之一。现在根据钻井生产的特点,分析讨论了钻井废水回用率合理控制的必要性,同时提出分阶段控制回用率的方法。现场实践证明,在这个方法实施的基础上,再加上一些有效的辅助措施,能有效地提高钻井废水达标率并减轻其对环境的污染。 相似文献
14.
CX170-1井钻井废水及废钻井液处理技术 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
CX170-1井位于川西平原,周围良田环绕。文章就川西地区钻井作业现状提出了比较可行的钻井废水及废钻井液无害化处理工艺技术。针对钻井废水,详细介绍了轻度污染废水;严重污染废水和特殊作业废水的处理工艺及处理效果。对于废钻井液,该井主要采用了固化处理。结果表明:经固化处理的废钻井液干结后具有一定强度,失去了水敏性,不再具有返浆性。浸泡实验表明,有害物得到了比较彻底的固定,经检测,各种污染指标大都低于国家一级标准,自然条件下外排的废钻井液不再对环境造成污染。 相似文献
15.
16.
油田钻井废泥浆固化处理研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
文章结合油田的现场实际情况,针对该区钻井废泥浆污染物的特性,研究了固化的最佳工艺条件,并对固化效果进行评价。通过多组固化处理定性对比实验,从多种处理剂中筛选出处理效果较好的水泥、粉煤灰、石灰和黄土作为固化处理废泥浆的固化剂原材料。利用筛选出的固化剂组成,设计正交实验,确定固化剂最佳配方为每100mL泥浆添加10g水泥、20g粉煤灰、8g石灰、15g黄土。影响因素对固化处理效果的影响实验结果表明:当废泥浆固相含量在30%~70%,固化温度在20~40℃之间,固化时间能够满足7d的条件下,固化效果最佳。 相似文献
17.
Udai P. Singh J. I. Garcia-Bengochea C. Ross Sprout 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1980,16(5):812-817
ABSTRACT: Data were obtained from drilling and testing of a test injection well for deep underground injection of waste water effluent from the proposed 50-million-gallon-per-day (mgd) South District Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant of the Miami-Dade Water and Sewer Authority, Dade County, Florida. The drilling operation progressed in stages, each stage coverting the strata to be sealed off by the 48-inch, 40-inch, 30-inch, and 20-inch casings, respectively. Total depth of the well is 3,200 feet. The top of the saline, cavernous, dolomitic Boulder Zone was found at 2,790 feet below the surface and is separated from the Floridan aquifer above by approximately 1,100 feet of confining limestone layers. These confining layers were determined, by packer testing, to be very effective. The transmissivity of the Boulder Zone was estimated to be 14 × 106 gallons per day per foot (gpd/ft) from the data obtained from pump out tests. An 8,000-gallon-per-minute (gpm) injection test was conducted to confirm well performance under operating conditions. Based on all of the data obtained, it was concluded that underground injection into the Boulder Zone of secondary waste water effluent from the proposed treatment plant is feasible, both hydraulically and environmentally. A monitoring system was proposed to provide a record of the effects of injection on the subsurface environment. 相似文献
18.
钻井废液-废水处理一体化设备的研究及应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
介绍了钻井清洁生产的核心设备——钻井废液-废水处理一体化设备的原理、流程和处理效果。实践证明,用这种一体化设备处理普通聚合物钻井液体系产生的钻井废液时,设备排水质量可达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》(一级标准或二级标准);当用于处理高温深井聚合物-磺酸盐复杂钻井液体系产生的钻井废液时,除了COD外, 排出水的主要水质指标可达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》(二级标准)。用该设备处理后的泥渣含水率低于55%,泥渣体积减少了88%。 相似文献
19.
JZW-4钻井污水处理装置的研制及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为解决现有的钻井污水处理设备无法满足污水处理需要的问题,研制了JZW-4型钻井污水处理装置。对污水进行了室内试验,证明只有混凝-离心-过滤法是最佳的处理方法;并根据此方法研究制造出了JZW-4钻井污水设备。现场试验结果表明:用该装置处理污水,出口水质符合国家综合二级排放标准。说明JZW-4钻井污水处理装置工艺流程设计合理,适应性强,处理效果好,具有创造性。 相似文献