强酸弱碱型两性离子交换纤维的制备Ⅱ-磺化及吸附性能研究

在预辐照PP纤维接技苯乙烯和4-乙烯基吡啶的基础上，通过进一步的磺化，制得了系列强酸弱碱两性离子交换纤维，本文采用元素分析、红外光谱、电子能谱等手段对纤维的结构进行了分析，采用化学滴定、原子吸收光谱等方法对两性纤维的性能进行表征，探索两性纤维对水溶液中金属离子交换吸附的应用前景。     

长江地面水丰水期高锰酸盐指数监测分析的一点改进

长江地面水在产水期呈黄色浑浊状态。按GB11892 -89进行高锰酸盐指数分析。滴定时 ,由于受剩余悬浮物的干挠 ,水样呈浅黄色。因而滴定终点微红色极难判断。通过本文描述方法改进后 ,滴定时样品为无色滤液。滴定终点微红色非常明显。提高了滴定分析的准确度。     

水样的代表性和滴定剂浓度对重铬酸钾法测定化学需氧量的影响

化学需氧量测定中,样品的代表性和滴定的误差直接影响结果的准确性。采用水浴超声器均化水样,可提高样品的代表性,通过调整滴定液硫酸亚铁铵标准溶液的浓度,可以减小滴定的误差,从而提高结果的准确性。     

蒸馏法测定污水中脂肪酸方法的改进

通过用蒸馏法对西北地区城市污水中脂肪酸（ＶＡＦ）的测定，结果表明，该方法在滴定终点的判断和温度的选择，样品量的量取等方面予以改进之后对ＶＡＦ的测定取得了较理想的结果。     

固定源三氧化硫测试技术研究

通过分析国内外SO3相关测试标准和技术,探讨了SO3采样及硫酸根滴定方法,以及烟气协同治理技术路线中SO3测试方法,旨在探索一种科学合理的SO3工程测试技术和方法。     

自动电位滴定法测定含硼卤水中的CO_3~=、HCO_3~-

利用自动电位仪进行电位滴定、测定含硼卤水中的CO_3~=、HCO_3~-,判断清楚,速度快,同时解决了以往滴定过程中出现的负值,比单独用指示剂指示终点,结果准确,可靠。     

高含氯采油废水CODcr测定质量控制方法研究

通过对高含氯采油废水CODcr测定过程中因稀释产生的滴定误差和高含氯采油废水现场加标回收率测定结果的分析,提出了适宜高含氯采油废水的质量控制方法,既空白试验值判断法、平行双样法和密码样控制法。     

测定地表水中溶解氧的微型化学实验研究

利用微型滴定法测定地表水中溶解氧的含量,并对微型实验和常量实验的平行测定结果进行了比较。微型滴定的测定结果准确可靠,微型实验具有现象明显、节省试剂、分析速度快等特点,能降低实验成本,提高学生的创新能力,完全符合绿色化学的理念,值得推广。     

强酸弱碱型两性离子交换纤维的制备II-磺化及吸附性能研究

在预辐照PP纤维接枝苯乙烯和4-乙烯基吡啶的基础上,通过进一步的磺化,制得了系列强酸弱碱两性离子交换纤维,本文采用元素分析、红外光谱、电子能谱等手段对纤维的结构进行了分析,采用化学滴定、原子吸收光谱等方法对两性纤维的性能进行表征,探索两性纤维对水溶液中金属离子交换吸附的应用前景。     

土壤有机质测定全程质量控制

质量控制是环境监测赖以生存和发展基础,加强全程质量控制才能确保监测数据的准确性和可靠性。结合环境监测工作实际,应用标准分析方法—重铬酸钾容量法《土壤检测第6部分:土壤有机质的测定》(NY/T 1121.6-2006)对土壤有机质测定进行了全程质量控制技术探讨。简介了方法所需仪器与试剂,深入探讨了运用标准法进行土壤中有机质测定全程质量控制技术问题。指出在标准分析方法基础上,选用有效期内质量合格分析纯以上试剂,全面规范样品采集与保存,有序开展样品制备与称取,严格管控消煮操作与滴定过程,准确进行分析结果数据处理,切实加强结果填报规定程式,能够确保大批量、成分复杂土壤样品有机质测定精密度和准确度。     

ANALYSIS OF LAS,ABS AND COMMERCIAL DETERGENTS BY TWO-PHASE TITRATION1

ABSTRACT: A two-phase titration method was developed and evaluated to determine the concentration of linear alkylate sulfonate (LAS), branched-chain alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS), dishwashing detergents, and laundry detergents in water. This method is capable of quantitatively determining anionic surfactants in either fresh water or saline water and it is therefore superior to the widely used Methylene Blue Method. To simplify the titration method for adoptation to remote field utilization, a field test kit was developed. This test kit includes only a separatory funnel, a titration burette, a set of liquid measuring apparatus, and some chemicals. Emphasis was placed on compactness of the kit and simplicity in the test manipulation, so that its operation can be performed by relatively unskilled wastewater monitoring personnel.     

MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE FROM BASINS1

ABSTRACT: One of the most common methods of artificial recharge to the ground water is from basins. In this paper, seven analytical solutions that describe artificial recharge from basins are presented. Most of these solutions are derived by directly solving the general partial differential equation for ground water flow. The solutions differ in that they use different boundary conditions, basin shapes, and consider the nonlinearity of the artificial recharge problem differently. Use of each analytical solution is demonstrated in this paper by application to an example problem. A comparison of each analytical solution presented in this paper was made to give suggestions on their use, their ease of implementation, and their relative agreement. Although no attempt is made in the paper to conclude which analytical solution is best for all problems, some general conclusions can be stated on the applicability of the various analytical solutions. Of the analytical solutions presented in this paper, Glovers and Hantush's solutions for rectangular recharge basins are highly recommended. Baumanns solution for a circular basin also gave fairly reliable results and is very easy to evaluate numerically.     

The role of analytical science in natural resource decision making

There is a continuing debate about the proper role of analytical (positivist) science in natural resource decision making. Two diametrically opposed views are evident, arguing for and against a more extended role for scientific information. The debate takes on a different complexion if one recognizes that certain kinds of problem, referred to here as “wicked” or “trans-science” problems, may not be amenable to the analytical process. Indeed, the mistaken application of analytical methods to trans-science problems may not only be a waste of time and money but also serve to hinder policy development. Since many environmental issues are trans-science in nature, then it follows that alternatives to analytical science need to be developed. In this article, the issues involved in the debate are clarified by examining the impact of the use of analytical methods in a particular case, the spruce budworm controversy in New Brunswick. The article ends with some suggestions about a “holistic” approach to the problem.     

The jurisdictional framework for municipal action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: Case studies from Canada,the USA and Germany

Abstract

The development of ‘indicators’ and associated techniques for the appraisal of ‘sustainability’ requires efforts to systematically define, quantify and aggregate many disparate dimensions of social, environmental and economic performance. This necessarily raises a number of serious theoretical and methodological difficulties, including those relating to the selection and framing of ‘problems’ and ‘options’, the treatment of deep uncertainties and the ‘impossibility’ of aggregating in analysis the divergent social interests and value judgements which govern the prioritisation of the different dimensions of ‘sustainability’. After exploring the depth and scope of some of these difficulties, this paper argues that they render futile any attempt to develop an ‘analytical fix’ for the problems of appraisal. In this light, systematic public participation is recognised not just as an issue of political efficacy and legitimacy, but also as a fundamental matter of analytical rigour. However, it is also concluded that once aspirations to the ‘analytical fix’ are renounced, there is much that might be contributed by transparent, straightforward quantitative analytical tools and the paper ends with some recommendations and an example in this regard.     

Analytical philosophy and planning theory

This article examines the potential contribution of analytical philosophy to planning theory. In contrast to some recent discussions it takes as its starting point town planning as actually practised, and recognises the ideological framework within which, for the most part, twentieth century analytical philosophy has been conducted. It concludes that knowledge of philosophy may be of some limited use to the planning theorist.     

The appraisal of sustainability: Some problems and possible responses

The development of 'indicators' and associated techniques for the appraisal of 'sustainability' requires efforts to systematically define, quantify and aggregate many disparate dimensions of social, environmental and economic performance. This necessarily raises a number of serious theoretical and methodological difficulties, including those relating to the selection and framing of 'problems' and 'options', the treatment of deep uncertainties and the 'impossibility' of aggregating in analysis the divergent social interests and value judgements which govern the prioritisation of the different dimensions of 'sustainability'. After exploring the depth and scope of some of these difficulties, this paper argues that they render futile any attempt to develop an 'analytical fix' for the problems of appraisal. In this light, systematic public participation is recognised not just as an issue of political efficacy and legitimacy, but also as a fundamental matter of analytical rigour. However, it is also concluded that once aspirations to the 'analytical fix' are renounced, there is much that might be contributed by transparent, straightforward quantitative analytical tools and the paper ends with some recommendations and an example in this regard.     

重铬酸盐法测定化学需氧量(CODcr)的不确定度评定

介绍滴定法测定水中CODcr的不确定度分析。用因果图分析了测量器具、标准溶液、环境条件和测量重复性等因素对测量不确定度的贡献,分析结果给出水中CODcr测量的扩展不确定度为2.2%。     

消解/分光光度法测定废水中CODCr的研究

文章对废水中CODCr测定方法中的快速消解/分光光度法、微波消解/分光光度法和回流消解/滴定法进行了比较。结果显示:快速消解/分光光度法和微波消解/分光光度法两种方法的准确度和精密度都达到质量控制的要求,两种方法分光光度法与回流消解/滴定法测定标准水样的方法相比,CODCr测定结果稍微偏高,但对于废水样品,两种方法的测定结果没有显著差异。快速消解/分光光度法和微波消解/分光光度法值得在环境监测工作中推广应用。     

EDTA滴定法测定水质总硬度的改进实验

根据EDTA滴定法测定水质总硬度的实践经验,对EDTA滴定法进行改进,该改进方法和标准方法通过地表水、地下水以及总硬度标准样品的比对测定,实验证明改进方法测定结果准确、可靠,操作更加简便、快捷。