共查询到10条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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利用MODIS和CALIPSO level2气溶胶产品,通过统计分析多个气溶胶光学参数(光学厚度、消光系数、色比和退偏振比)的时空分布及其变化,得出2007~2016年华东地区(27°N~37°N,113°E~123°E)气溶胶三维分布特征.结果表明,华东地区气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)年平均呈现出北高南低,平原高、山地低的分布特征.AOD季节分布表现为春夏高,秋冬低,夏季最高,冬季最低,且研究区域北部(31°N以北)AOD季节变化比南部地区剧烈.气溶胶消光系数(σ)随高度呈指数衰减,秋冬(春夏)低层σ较大(小)但随高度衰减较快(慢),2km以下北高南低.年平均色比(CR)随高度递增,变化范围为0.6~0.7,随时间有减小趋势.CR季节特征为4km以下春季最大,夏季最小且均一;4km以上冬季最大,夏季最小.年平均退偏振比(PDR)随高度递增,变化范围为0.1~0.25,北部较大.PDR季节特征为5km以下春季最大,夏季最小;5km以上冬季最大,夏季最小.从气溶胶组成来看,华东地区2km以下以污染沙尘为主;2~5km春季以沙尘为主,其它季节以烟尘为主;5km以上冬春以沙尘为主,夏秋以烟尘为主. 相似文献
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Feng Yingsheng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1991,3(2):1-10
The late start of environmental protection in Hong Kong was discussed in the light of problems encountered during the development of environmental protection legislation in Hong Kong for the past 20 years. The collaboration in monitoring and assessment of environmental pollutants between the University of Hong Kong and various governments were descrbed in parallel with the progress in environmental protection in Hong Kong. The developments of new analytical techniques for environmental monitoring and analysis is given and their application in environmental control described. The joint projects in assessment and control of environmental pollutants carried out in collaboration with local industries and other organizations within and without the university are given and discussed. The problems and possible solution facing Hong Kong in development control equipment for small scale industries are discussed and areas of development identified. The development and experience in the monitoring assessment and co 相似文献
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河豚毒素(tetrodotoxin,TTX)易富集于河豚鱼和螺类体内,在我国沿海食用螺类中毒事件常有发生。在我国近海采集螺类及河豚鱼样品,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测河豚毒素。2018年,在浙江和江苏近海织纹螺(Nassarius spp.)体内多检出河豚毒素,在福建宁德东风螺(Babylonia sp.)体内含量最高,为5.35 mg/kg。我国螺类河豚毒素污染主要分布于福建、浙江和江苏近岸海域,且春、夏季是毒素污染高发期;在山东近海偶有检出;在辽宁、广东、广西和海南近海未检出。天津和辽宁近海河豚鱼体内河豚毒素含量较高。 相似文献
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1961—2014年中国干燥度指数的时空变化研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
论文采用中国1961—2014年530个气象站数据,运用FAO-56 Penman-Monteith公式计算潜在蒸散发量,并结合降水量计算中国1961—2014年干燥度指数(Aridity index,AI),然后采用Mann-Kendall趋势检验、突变检验和小波分析对其进行时空变化分析。结果表明:1)1961—2014年中国整体、西北地区、青藏地区的干燥度指数均呈显著减小趋势,而南方地区干燥度指数呈微弱减小趋势,北方地区干燥度指数呈不显著增加趋势。中国干燥度指数的突变发生于1986年,而各个分区的突变时间有所差异。2)1961—2014年中国整体、北方地区和西北地区干燥度指数变化主周期均为28 a,南方地区稍晚1 a,青藏地区提前2 a,所有地区均在主周期上经历了变大—变小—变大的过程。同时所有地区也存在不同时间尺度的次周期变化。3)整个中国、西北地区和南方地区潜在蒸散发量的减少和降水量的增加,共同引起了干燥度指数的减小。在北方地区,年降水量的显著减小和潜在蒸散发减小引起干燥度指数呈现微弱增加趋势。在青藏地区,潜在蒸散发的微弱增加和降水量显著增加引起干燥度指数呈现显著减小趋势。4)中国干燥度指数在空间格局上和降水的分布相反,呈现出西北大、东南小的特征。北方地区整体干燥度指数偏小,但中部区域降水相对减少,蒸发能力增强,导致干燥度指数相对偏大。南方地区气温较高,蒸发能力强,但雨量充沛,是我国干燥度指数最小的区域。西北地区较为干燥,降水少,蒸发强,是我国干燥度指数最大的区域。青藏地区由于青藏高原的阻挡作用以及东部地区较为丰富的降水量,使得干燥度指数由东向西逐渐增加,呈现西干东湿的格局。 相似文献
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小南湖水体中铜锰锌镉的迁移和积累特性 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
以杭州西湖的子湖(小南湖)的水生生态环境为研究对象,同步分析了水和底泥中重金属的形态分布,以及软体动物和水生植物的重金属的含量,揭示了Cu、Zn、Cd的积累、迁移和转化规律,结果表明:(1)水相中Cu、Zn、Cd主要以溶解态存在,Mn主要以颗粒态I存在;底泥中,Cu主要以有机结合态,Mn以铁锰氧化结合态,Cd以碳酸盐态、Zn以铁锰氧化结合态存在,在水和底泥中,重金属总量次序分别为:Zn〉Mn〉Cu 相似文献
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Contribution of additives Cu to its accumulation in pig feces: study in Beijing and Fuxin of China 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
Massive amounts of pig manure are produced by intensive pig farm in China, and the composition of pig manure has changed much due to the use of feed additives. However, little is known about the exact Cu (copper) feed as additives or present as contaminants in pig feed and the residues in feces. One hundred and thirty-seven feeds and one hundred and forty-two fecal samples from 48 pig farms were collected in Beijing and Fuxin cities in 1999 and 2005, respectively. The concentrations of Cu were in the range of 6.86-395.19 mg/kg in the feed samples, and the mean values were in the order of weaner〉 grower-finisher〉 sow's feeds. The high concentrations over EU recommendations implied that excessive levels of Cu are fed on many pig farms in Beijing and Fuxin. Cu was also present in high concentrations in feces, and concentrations were highly variable. Cu concentrations in the feces from grower-finisher and weaner pigs were significantly greater than feces of sows. The super-intensive and small-scale farms had higher levels of Cu in feces than the middle farms. Cu concentrations in pig feces were approximately 5-times greater than in pig feeds. Feed management in grower-finisher pigs on super-intensive and small-scale pig farms is needed to reduce high Cu concentrations in feces and risks to soil contamination while feces are land-applied. 相似文献