污泥深度脱水干化/焚烧技术分析及其经济性评估

全面分析了我国污泥的产生现状,对比分析了目前主要的污泥干化处理处置技术。污泥干化处理技术能够有效对污泥进行深度脱水,并且不改变污泥热值,是一种具有前景的污泥处理工艺。详细介绍了该技术的收集、预处理、深度干化及返混、焚烧发电等步骤,分析了其主要污染物及控制技术。借助示范工程实例中污泥深度脱水干化/焚烧一体化技术工艺的运行状况,对污泥深度脱水干化/焚烧技术进行经济性评估。     

一套负压移动式污泥干化处理设备

该专利公开了一套负压移动式污泥干化处理设备。该处理设备包括安装在移动式方舱上后部的污泥抽取单元、清洗箱、脱水单元、输送单元、加药单元、密封包装单元及安装在移动式方舱上前部的发电机及其电控柜一和电控柜二。移动式方舱上的后部为密闭舱，密闭舱内还置有净化通风单元、控制显示单元和消毒单元。净化通风单元可将移动式方舱内的空气过滤后排出并保持移动式方舱内为负压，控制显示单元检测移动式方舱内的负压值并进行报警，消毒单元可杀灭移动式方舱内的病毒。该发明在切断了污泥处理过程中所产生的各种病毒向外传播与蔓延渠道的同时，也可避免系统在移动过程中系统空间的污染空气及所带病毒向外界泄漏传播。     

流化床富氧焚烧含油污泥技术经济性分析

介绍了流化床富氧焚烧含油污泥技术的流程和优势,计算了富氧焚烧含油污泥系统主要设备的电耗和技术经济指标。流化床富氧焚烧含油污泥技术可实现烟气及其他污染物零排放,产生的蒸汽可直接供应油田生产和生活使用,产生的液态CO2可直接用于油井驱油,烟气中的SO2和NOx可转化为硫酸和硝酸。采用日处理200 t含油污泥的流化床锅炉年处理含油污泥量约73 kt,每年减少排污费7 300万元;锅炉年产蒸汽量约177 kt,每年节约蒸汽费用1 380.6万元,合计每年节约成本8 680.6万元。回收得到质量分数为40%的稀硫酸5.56 t/d,质量分数为37%的硝酸0.708 t/d,年回收CO2约99 kt。     

国内外污泥堆肥化技术研究

污泥堆肥化技术是使污水厂污泥达到稳定化和无害化的一种经济而有效的手段。简要介绍了城市污水污泥堆肥过程与技术,以及国内外主要的污泥堆肥技术,并对污泥堆肥技术的积极推进提出建议。     

污泥热解气化技术的研究进展

通过热解气化等热化学转化方式将污泥转变为液体或气体燃料是极具前景的污泥利用方式之一。从污泥的资源化利用方面着手,阐述了污泥热解气化技术的研究进展,分析了现有污泥热解气化工艺的优缺点和主要影响因素,并对该技术的发展趋势进行了展望。指出:高湿污泥与生物质混合进行共热解可以提高原料的转化率和整个系统的热效率;高效污泥热解气化装置的研发是目前污泥热解气化技术领域亟待解决的问题。     

轧钢含油污泥资源化处理技术的探讨

在轧钢废水的处理过程中会产生大量的含油污泥,由于其特殊性,含油污泥比普通的污泥更加难以处理。主要介绍国内外对于冷轧含油污泥的处理技术及研究前景,为我国合理开发污泥无害化处理技术提供参考。     

高含水含油污泥水热处理技术研究进展

高含水含油污泥含有大量的自由水、结合水和乳化水,其脱水干化是后续处理处置的瓶颈。近年来水热处理技术被引入石油石化工业用于高含水含油污泥的脱水干化和回收油。本文介绍了高含水含油污泥的来源、成分、分类、特点和处理难点,概述了高含水含油污泥调质脱稳技术现状,总结了高含水含油污泥水热处理技术取得的主要进展,分析了水热处理技术的处理机理、技术特点、优点和缺点,并展望了该技术的发展方向。     

石化废水剩余污泥厌氧消化预处理技术

石化废水剩余污泥在厌氧消化时,污泥停留时间长,且产气量较低,并且反应器容积较大,所需资金投入较高.污泥厌氧消化预处理能够改变污泥特性,缩短了后续消化时间,提高甲烷产量,减少剩余污泥量.综述了各种污泥预处理技术的最新进展,分析了石化污泥厌氧消化预处理的可行性.     

湿式电除尘器技术分析

近期全国多地雾霾频发,空气质量恶化,为改善空气质量,国家出台了新的火电厂大气污染物排放标准,加强对于烟尘、SO2、NOx的排放控制。为满足新的排放标准,解决现运行电厂存在的细微颗粒物排放不达标、石膏雨以及蓝烟问题,湿式电除尘器作为控制大气复合污染物的精处理装置,可以作为烟囱前的最后一道技术把关。分析了湿式电除尘器除尘机理、结构特点以及布置方式,论述了国内外应用情况,并在此基础上就技术性和经济性两方面与干式电除尘器、袋式除尘器和电袋除尘器进行分析比较,可为电厂选型提供参考。     

浅谈氨法脱硫中硫酸铵的干燥工艺

介绍了氨法烟气脱硫产品硫酸铵的各种干燥工艺,并对各工艺的特点进行了比较,认为选择振动流化床工艺进行硫酸铵干燥比较适宜。     

Transformation of phosphorus during drying and roasting of sewage sludge

Sewage sludge (SS), a by-product of wastewater treatment, consists of highly concentrated organic and inorganic pollutants, including phosphorus (P). In this study, P with different chemical fractions in SS under different drying and roasting temperatures was investigated with the use of appropriate standards, measurements, and testing protocol. The drying and roasting treatment of SS was conducted in a laboratory-scale furnace. Two types of SS samples under different treatment temperatures were analyzed by ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. These samples were dried by a vacuum freeze dryer at ?50 °C and a thermoelectric thermostat drying box at 105 °C. Results show that the inorganic P (IP) content increased as the organic P content decreased, and the bio-availability of P increased because IP is a form of phosphorous that can be directly absorbed by plants. ³¹P NMR analysis results indicate the change in P fractions at different temperatures. Non-apatite P was the dominant form of P under low-temperature drying and roasting, whereas apatite P was the major one under high-temperature drying and roasting. Results indicate that temperature affects the transformation of P.     

经济社会学视角下的我国环境污染转移问题分析

在阐述环境污染转移的概念及其主要表现形式的基础上。对我国环境污染转移的原因进行了深入分析,并提出了合理可行的解决对策。     

火电厂粉煤灰、渣污染及综合利用效益分析

详述了火电厂粉煤灰、渣排放造成的危害,并应用效益分析方法对其排放及综合利用进行了效益对比分析,为环保决策部门治理固体废弃物提供参考。     

Sewage sludge drying by energy recovery from OFMSW composting: Preliminary feasibility evaluation

In this paper an original energy recovery method from composting is analyzed. The integrated system exploits the heat available from the aerobic biochemical process in order to support the drying of sewage sludge, using a specific solar greenhouse. The aim is to tackle the problem of organic waste treatment, with specific regard to food waste. This is done by optimizing the energy consumption of the aerobic process of composting, using the heat produced to solve a second important waste management problem such as the sewage waste treatment. Energy and mass balances are presented in a preliminary feasibility study. Referring to a composting plant with a capacity of 15,000 t/y of food waste, the estimation of the power from recovered heat for the entire plant resulted about 42 kW. The results demonstrated that the energy recoverable can cover part of the heat necessary for the treatment of sludge generated by the population served by the composting plant (in terms of food waste and green waste collection). The addition of a renewable source such as solar energy could cover the residual energy demand. The approach is presented in detail in order for it to be replicated in other case studies or at full scale applications.     

氰化钠泄漏污染调查及治理方案技术分析

对洛阳市洛宁县“11．1”NaCN泄漏污染吉家洼金矿下游麦张沟河道土壤CN^-残存量进行了布点、采样、化验;对提出的CN^-残存量治理方案,从CN^-的可氧化性、挥发性及生物降解性进行论述;对CN^-的挥发衰减做了模拟试验,结果令人满意。     

Integrated drying and incineration of wet sewage sludge in combined bubbling and circulating fluidized bed units

An original integrated drying and incineration technique is proposed to dispose of sewage sludge with moisture content of about 80% in a circulating fluidized bed. This system combines a bubbling fluidized bed dryer with a circulating fluidized bed incinerator. After drying, sewage sludge with moisture less than 20% is transported directly and continuously from the fluidized bed dryer into a circulating fluidized bed incinerator. Pilot plant results showed that integrated drying and incineration is feasible in a unique single system. A 100 t/d Sewage Sludge Incineration Demonstration Project was constructed at the Qige sewage treatment plant in Hangzhou City in China. The operational performance showed that the main operation results conformed to the design values, from which it can be concluded that the scale-up of this technique is deemed both feasible and successful.     

Integrated Assessment of Air Pollution Abatement Strategies in Urban Areas: Application to the Greater Athens Area

This paper presents an integrated system for the assessmentof technical and non-technical measures that are putforward in order to reduce air pollution levels in urbanareas. In contrast to the majority of the currentlyemployed assessment tools, this system allows for theevaluation of any proposed air pollution control measure interms of its combined impact on air quality and socialwelfare, by correlating the environmental and economicaspects of alternative air pollution abatement solutions.Based on the multi-pollutant, multi-effect concept, thesystem presented aims in providing policy-makers with areliable tool for the objective assessment of the mostcost-effective packages of measures, the latter beingallocated according to the particular features and needs ofthe areas examined.     

深圳市环境污染与经济增长关系的实证研究

采用深圳市1996—2009年的统计数据,分析了环境污染与经济增长之间的关系及其影响因素。结果表明,可吸入颗粒物浓度、工业废水排放量、工业废气排放量和工业固体废弃物产生量与人均GDP的拟合曲线呈现典型环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)特征,至2007年,这4个环境指标已经全部跨越拐点,目前处于EKC的右侧。同时,运用灰色关联法分析经济发展、社会发展、环境管理的变化趋势,探讨了深圳EKC的演变主要是由GDP增长、环保投资、职工年平均工资和技术进步等因子驱动的。