共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Ning Zhang Hong Li You Zhou Wei Hu Zhixiang Zhang 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(3):1377-1384
Two independent field trials were performed in Guangdong and Hubei, China in 2011 to investigate the dissipation and residue levels of triforine in strawberry and soil. A fast and simple method using gas chromatography with electron capture detector was developed and validated to determine triforine levels in strawberry and soil. The average recovery of triforine in strawberry ranged from 87.46 to 104.32 % with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.72 to 4.54 %; that in soil ranged from 83.82 to 103.01 % with an RSD of 3.89 to 4.36 %. The limit of quantification of the proposed method was 0.01 mg/kg for both strawberry and soil. The results suggest that the triforine dissipation curves followed the first-order kinetic. The half-lives of triforine in strawberry from Guangdong and Hubei were 3.58 and 4.42 days, respectively; those in soil were 3.53 and 4.10 days, respectively. The terminal residues of triforine in strawberry ranged from 0.032 to 0.264 mg/kg at preharvest intervals of 0.5, 1, and 3 days. These values are lower than the maximum residue limit of 1 mg/kg in strawberry set by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. 相似文献
2.
Lin Wang Wenming Li Puyu Li Minghui Li Shuo Chen Lijun Han 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(11):7793-7799
A simple residue analytical method using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) procedure for the determination of trifloxystrobin and its metabolite trifloxystrobin acid (CGA321113) in tomato and soil was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The limits of detection were 0.0005 mg/kg for trifloxystrobin and 0.001 mg/kg for trifloxystrobin acid, respectively. The average recoveries in tomato and soil ranged from 73–99 % for trifloxystrobin and 75–109 % for trifloxystrobin acid, with relative standard deviations below 15 %. The method was then used to study the dissipation and residues in tomato and soil. The dissipation half-lives of trifloxystrobin in tomato were 2.9 days (Beijing) and 5.4 days (Shandong), while in soil were 1.9 days (Beijing) and 3.0 days (Shandong), respectively. The final results showed that the major residue compound was trifloxystrobin in tomato whereas it was its metabolite, trifloxystrobin acid, in soil. The final residues of total trifloxystrobin (including trifloxystrobin acid) were below the EU maximum residue limit of 0.5 mg kg?1 in tomato 3 days after the treatment. 相似文献
3.
Qian Zhang Yang Zhao Sufang Fan Aijuan Bai Xuesheng Li Canping Pan 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(12):9743-9749
The dissipation and residues of bispyribac-sodium in rice cropping system were studied. Bispyribac-sodium residues were extracted by a simple analytical method based on QuEChERs and detected by LC-MS/MS. The limit of detection for bispyribac-sodium of this method was 0.375?×?10?3 ng. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 5.0 μg/kg for rice plant samples, 2.0 μg/kg for rice hull, 0.2 μg/kg for water, and 0.1 μg/kg for soil and husked rice samples. The average recoveries of bispyribac-sodium ranged from 74.7 to 108 %, with relative standard deviations less than 13 %. The half-lives of bispyribac-sodium in rice plant, water, and soil were in the range of 1.4–5.6 days. More than 90 % of bispyribac-sodium residue dissipated within 5 days. The final residues of bispyribac-sodium in rice were all below LOQ at harvest time. 相似文献
4.
Sharma KK Kalpana Sharma V Gupta P Jaya M Kumar A Singh B 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,137(1-3):179-184
Fipronil termiticide belongs to phenyl-pyrazole class of chemical compounds. It has broad-spectrum activity particularly against
house hold pests such as cockroaches, mosquitoes, locusts, ticks, and fleas at both larval and adult stages. At high dosage
it can be used to control subterranean termites in building foundations. To evaluate long term efficacy against termites the
persistence and vertical distribution of fipronil was studied under natural weather conditions of Dehradun, India. Fipronil
was applied at four concentrations i.e. 0.05, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5% a.i ha−1 by drenching 17 × 17 in.2 plot prepared as per modified ground board test. Soil samples were collected after 22, 38 and 56 months of treatment up to
the depth of 75 cm. The soil core was cut into five distinct sections i.e. 0–15, 15–30, 30–45, 45–60 and 60–75 cm depth. The
residues were extracted by shaking 20 g soil sample with acetone. The acetone extract was concentrated and cleaned-up over
florisil column. Fipronil residues were estimated on GLC at 220, 260, and 300°C oven, injector and detector temperature respectively.
Fipronil was found to persist beyond 56 months after application. Two metabolites viz. desulfinyl and sulfide-fipronil were
detected in sampling after 22 months of application that also dissipated with time. Fipronil residues were found up to 60 cm
depth. The residues in deeper layers dissipate slowly with time and after 56 months of treatment residues were detected only
up to 30 cm depth. 相似文献
5.
Water quality assessment: surface water sources used for drinking and irrigation in Zaria,Nigeria are a public health hazard 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chigor VN Umoh VJ Okuofu CA Ameh JB Igbinosa EO Okoh AI 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(5):3389-3400
We assessed the quality and pollution status of source surface waters in Zaria, Nigeria by monitoring the nature, cause and
extent of pollution in Samaru stream, Kubanni River and Kubanni dam over a period of 10 months, between March and December
2002. A total of 228 water samples was collected from 12 sites and analysed for a total of ten physicochemical and one bacteriological
quality indicators, using standard methods. Aesthetic water quality impairment parameters were also observed. The mean values
of most water quality parameters were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in both the stream and river than in the dam. There was no significant correlation between faecal coliform counts
(FCC) and water temperature (in the range 15–33°C); pH (5.77–7.32); and turbidity (1.4–567 NTU). The high FCC ranged from
2.0 × 101 to 1.6 × 106 MPN/100 ml and exceeded the WHO standards for drinking water and water used for fresh-produce irrigation, and correlated
positively (P < 0.05) with conductivity (in the range 68–1,029 μS/cm); TDS (10.0–70.0 mg/l); TSS (10.0–70.0 mg/l); Cl (7.5–181 mg/l); PO4−P (0.01–0.41 mg/l); NO3−N (0.6–3.8 mg/l) and BOD5 (0.1–14.9 mg/l). The main pollution sources were municipal wastewater, stormwater runoffs, the ABU sewage treatment plant,
abattoir effluents and irrigation farms treated with chemical fertilisers. We conclude that these water bodies are potentially
hazardous to public health and that proper sewage treatment and river quality monitoring are needed to warn against hazards
to public health. 相似文献
6.
Sharma KK Rao CS Dubey JK Patyal SK Parihar NS Battu RS Sharma V Gupta P Kumar A Kalpana Jaya M Singh B Sharma ID Nath A Gour TB 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,132(1-3):25-31
In a field study carried out at three different locations, the dissipation of spiromesifen on cotton and chili was studied
and its DT50, and DT99 were estimated at each location. Spiromesifen was sprayed on chili at 96 and 192 g a.i. ha−1 and cotton at 120 and 240 g a.i. ha−1. Samples of chili fruits were drawn at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 21, 30 days after treatment and that of cotton seed and lint
at first picking and harvest. Soil samples were drawn 30 days after treatment from 0 to 15 and 15 to 30 cm layer. Quantification
of residues was done on GC–MS in Selected Ion Monitoring (SIM) mode in mass range 271–274 m/z. The LOQ of this method was
found 0.033 μg g−1, LOD being 0.01 μg g−1. The DT50 of spiromesifen when applied at recommended doses in chili fruits was found to be 2.18–2.40 days. Ninety-nine percent degradation
was found to occur within 14.5–16.3 days after application. Residues of spiromesifen were not detected in cotton seed and
lint samples at the first picking. In soil, no residues of spiromesifen were detectable 15 days after treatment. 相似文献
7.
A sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for determination of ametryn in agricultural samples. The proposed
method was based on reaction with pyridine and further coupling with sulfanilic acid to form a colored product. The absorbance
was measured at 400 nm with a molar absorptivity of 2.1 × 105 L mol−1 cm−1. The method shows a linear range from 0.2–20 μg mL−1 with limit of detection and limit of quantification 0.16 and 0.54 μg mL−1, respectively. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of ametryn in sugarcane juice and commercial
formulations after separation of ametryn from triazine herbicides based on solvent extraction. Recovery values were found
to be in the range of 96.0 ± 0.2% to 98.4 ± 0.1%. 相似文献
8.
Twelve samples each of soil and ground water were collected from paddy-wheat, paddy-cotton, sugarcane fields and tube wells
from same or near by fields around Hisar, Haryana, India during 2002–2003 to monitor pesticide residues. Residues were estimated
by GC-ECD and GC-NPD systems equipped with capillary columns for organochlorine, synthetic pyrethroid and organophosphate
insecticides. In soil, HCH (0.002–0.051 μg g−1), DDT (0.001–0.066 μg g−1), endosulfan (0.002–0.039 μg g−1) and chlordane (0.0002–0.019 μg g−1) among organochlorines, cypermethrin (0.001–0.035 μg g−1) and fenvalerate (0.001–0.022 μg g−1) among synthetic pyrethroids and chlorpyriphos (0.002–0.172 μg g−1), malathion (0.002–0.008 μg g−1), quinalphos (0.001–0.010 μg g−1) among organophosphates were detected. Dominant contaminants were DDT, cypermethrin and chlorpyriphos from the respective
groups. In water samples, HCH, DDT, endosulfan and cypermethrin residues were observed frequently. Only chlorpyriphos among
organophosphates was detected in 10 samples. On consideration of tube well water for drinking purpose, about 80% samples were
found to contain residues above the regulatory limits. 相似文献
9.
Dissipation behaviour of endosulfan and dichlorvos in/on cauliflower, variety Snowball-16, was studied during rabi season
(Sep.–March) 2003–2004. Endosulfan and dichlorvos were sprayed @ 350 and 110g a.i. with 115 g a.i., respectively, 80 days
after transplanting. Samples were taken at the interval of 0 (1h after spray), 3, 5, 7, and 10 days after spray (DAS) in triplicate
and residues were estimated on GC-ECD system equipped with capillary column. The initial deposits of 3.452 and 0.295μgg−1 of endosulfan and dichlorvos dissipated to 0.084 (97.56%) and 0.009 (96.95%), respectively after 10 DAS. Residues of endosulfan
reached below maximum residue limit of 2μgg−1 one day after spray and of dichlorvos were below MRL value of 0.5μgg−1 even on 0 day. Dissipation pattern followed first order kinetics for both the insecticides with half life periods of 1.81
and 2.08 days for endosulfan and dichlorvos, respectively. 相似文献
10.
A method for the determination of residues of mesotrione, atrazine and its degradation products: deethylatrazine, hydroxyatrazine,
deisopropylatrazine, desethyldesisopropylatrazine in a variety of water and soil matrices has been developed. Mesotrione is
a new selective herbicide for use in corn, which has been substituted for atrazine, which has been banned in European Union
countries since 2007. Although atrazine has not been used for three vegetative periods, it is still detected in the environment.
The analysis was conducted by means of ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and liquid chromatography
with diode array detection. The procedures for analyte separation from water and soil matrices were also established. The
optimal conditions for solid-phase extraction (SPE) were determined. The recoveries were compared with that obtained by means
of SPE. Method fortification recoveries from water samples averaged 78–97% and for soil 80–97% depending on the analyte and
type of sample. The limits of detection were 0.04–0.61 μg/L for water samples and for soil samples 0.02–0.88 μg/g. The soil
samples were collected in spring 2009 from three different fields with water samples being made from effluents from these
fields. Samples collection was conducted in the day of mesotrione (Callisto 100SC) application and then done weekly, until
the mesotrione concentration was below the limit of quantification. The results enabled the monitoring of mesotrione degradation
in soil and its permeability into surface waters; simultaneously, the same studies were conducted for atrazine. 相似文献
11.
One hundred forty seven samples of bovine milk were collected from 14 districts of Haryana, India during December 1998–February
1999 and analysed for the presence of organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) residues. ∑HCH, ∑DDT, ∑endosulfan and aldrin were detected
in 100%, 97%, 43% and 12% samples and with mean values of 0.0292, 0.0367, 0.0022 and 0.0036 μg/ml, respectively. Eight percent
samples exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL) of 0.10 mg/kg as recommended by WHO for ∑HCH, 4% samples of 0.05 mg/kg for
α-HCH, 5% samples of 0.01 mg/kg for γ-HCH, 26% samples of 0.02 mg/kg for β-HCH as recommended by PFAA and 24% samples of 0.05 mg/kg
as recommended by FAO for ∑DDT. Concentrations of β-HCH and p,p′-DDE were more as compared to other isomers and metabolites
of HCH and DDT. 相似文献
12.
Presence of pesticide residues was studied in rain water during 2002 employing multi residue analysis method by gas liquid
chromatography equipped with ECD and NPD detectors and capillary columns. The presence of pesticide residues in surface aquatic
system triggered the investigation of the presence of pesticides in rain water. A total of 13 pesticides were detected in
rain water samples. Among the different groups of pesticides, organochlorines were present in the range of 0.041–7.060 ppb
with maximum concentration of p,p’-DDT up to 7.060 μg l−1. Synthetic pyrethroids were present ranging from 0.100 to 1.000 μg l−1 and organophosphates in the range of 0.050–4.000 μg l−1 showing maximum contamination with cypermethrin (1.000 μg l−1) and monocrotophos (4.000 μg l−1) of the respective groups. Almost 80% samples showed the residues above MRL of 0.5 ppb fixed for multi residues and on the
basis of single pesticide, 16–50% samples contained residues above the MRL value of 0.1 ppb. 相似文献
13.
Determination of lead, cadmium and copper in roadside soil and plants in Elazig, Turkey 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The concentrations of lead, cadmium and copper in roadside soil and plants in Elazig, Turkey were investigated. Soil samples
were collected at distances of 0, 25 and 50 m from the roadside. The concentrations of lead, cadmium and copper were measured
by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS). A slotted tube atom trap (STAT) was used to increase the sensitivity
of lead and cadmium in FAAS. Lead concentrations in soil samples varied from 1.3 to 45 mg kg−1 while mean lead levels in plants ranged from120 ng g−1 for grape in point-4 to 866 ng g−1 for apple leaves in point-2. Lead analyses showed that there was a considerable contamination in both soil and plants affected
from traffic intensity. Overall level of Cd in soil samples lies between 78 and 527 ng/g while cadmium concentration in different
vegetations varied in the range of 0.8–98.0 ng g−1. Concentrations of copper in soil and plant samples were found in the range of 11.1–27.9 mg kg−1 for soil and 0.8–5.6 mg kg−1 for plants. Standard reference material (SRM) was used to find the accuracy of the results of soil analyses. 相似文献
14.
Anthropogenic nexus on organochlorine pesticide pollution: a case study with Tamiraparani river basin,South India 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Kumarasamy P Govindaraj S Vignesh S Rajendran RB James RA 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(6):3861-3873
The levels of 17 organochlorine pesticides residues (OCPs) in surface water and sediments from Tamiraparani river basin, South
India were investigated to evaluate their potential pollution and risk impacts. A total of 96 surface water and sediment samples
at 12 sampling stations were collected along the river in four seasons during 2008–2009. The ΣOCP concentrations in surface
water and sediments were in the range of 0.1 to 79.9 ng l−1 and 0.12 to 3,938.7 ng g−1 dry weight (dw), respectively. Among the OCPs, the levels of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), aldrin, dieldrin, cis-chlordane, trans-chlordane, and mirex were dominant in the sediments. The dominant OCPs in water samples are heptachlor, o,p′-DDE, dieldrin,
o,p′-DDD, and mirex, which show different source of contamination pattern among sampling seasons. The distribution pattern
of DDTs, hexachlorocyclohexane, and other OCPs in the present study shows heterogenic nature of nonpoint source of pollution.
Notable contamination of water and sediment sample that was observed in upstream (S2) 58 ng l−1 and downstream (S11) 1,693 ng g−1 dw explains agricultural and municipal outfalls, whereas frequent damming effect reduces the concentration level in the midstream.
The overall spatial–temporal distribution pattern of ΣOCP residues are illustrated by GIS package. 相似文献
15.
Bhatia A Pathak H Jain N Singh PK Tomer R 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(5):3095-3107
Conventional blanket application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer results in more loss of N from soil system and emission of nitrous
oxide, a greenhouse gas (GHG). The leaf color chart (LCC) can be used for real-time N management and synchronizing N application
with crop demand to reduce GHG emission. A 1-year study was carried out to evaluate the impact of conventional and LCC-based
urea application on emission of nitrous oxide, methane, and carbon dioxide in a rice–wheat system of the Indo-Gangetic Plains
of India. Treatments consisted of LCC scores of ≤4 and 5 for rice and wheat and were compared with conventional fixed-time
N splitting schedule. The LCC-based urea application reduced nitrous oxide emission in rice and wheat. Application of 120 kg
N per hectare at LCC ≤ 4 decreased nitrous oxide emission by 16% and methane by 11% over the conventional split application
of urea in rice. However, application of N at LCC ≤ 5 increased nitrous oxide emission by 11% over the LCC ≤ 4 treatment in
rice. Wheat reduction of nitrous oxide at LCC ≤ 4 was 18% as compared to the conventional method. Application of LCC-based
N did not affect carbon dioxide emission from soil in rice and wheat. The global warming potential (GWP) were 12,395 and 13,692 kg CO2 ha−1 in LCC ≤ 4 and conventional urea application, respectively. Total carbon fixed in conventional urea application in rice–wheat
system was 4.89 Mg C ha−1 and it increased to 5.54 Mg C ha−1 in LCC-based urea application (LCC ≤ 4). The study showed that LCC-based urea application can reduce GWP of a rice–wheat
system by 10.5%. 相似文献
16.
Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Soil and Surface Water of Northern Indo-Gangetic Alluvial Plains 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study reports the concentration levels and distribution pattern of the organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) residues in the
soil and surface water samples collected from the northern Indo-Gangetic alluvial plains. A total of 31 soil and 23 surface
water samples were collected from the study region in Unnao district covering an area of 2150 km2 and analyzed for aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, HCB, HCH isomers, DDT isomers/metabolites, endosulfan isomers (α and β), endosulfan
sulfate, heptachlor and its metabolites, α-chlordane, γ-chlordane and methoxychlor. In both the soil and surface water samples
β- and δ-isomers of HCH were detected most frequently, whereas, methoxychlor was the least detected pesticide. The results
showed contamination of soil and surface water of the region with several persistent organic pesticides. The total OCPs level
ranged from 0.36–104.50 ng g–1 and 2.63–3.72 μg L–1 in soil and surface water samples, respectively. 相似文献
17.
Bondareva L 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(6):3831-3847
Discharges from the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC) of Rosatom, downstream from Krasnoyarsk, resulted in radioactive contamination
of sediments of the River Yenisei. The concentration of artificial gamma-emitting radionuclides (137Cs, 60Co, 152Eu, and 241Am) was determined with the objective to analyze the migration processes leading to the transport of these radionuclides.
The content of artificial radionuclides in the surface layers of the study area varied in wide ranges: 137Cs—318–1,800 Bq/kg, 60Co—87–720 Bq/kg, 152Eu—12–287 Bq/kg and 241Am—6–76 Bq/kg. There was a sequence of migration of radionuclides investigated in the surface layer of sediments that were
collected in the near zone of influence of the MCC: 241Am ≈ 152Eu > 60Co > 137Cs. Radionuclide species have been found to be directly related to sediment structure and composition. 相似文献
18.
Marcussen H Joergensen K Holm PE Brocca D Simmons RW Dalsgaard A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,139(1-3):77-91
Extensive aquatic or semi-aquatic production of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.) for human consumption takes place in Southeast Asia. The aim of this study was to assess the concentrations of 38
elements in soil and water spinach cultivated under different degrees of wastewater exposure in Hanoi, Vietnam. The results
showed no effect of wastewater use on the overall element concentrations in soil and water spinach. Mean soil concentrations
for selected potentially toxic elements at the studied field sites had the following ranges 9.11–18.7 As, 0.333–0.667 Cd,
10.8–14.5 Co, 68–122 Cr, 34.0–62.1 Cu, 29.9–52.8 Ni, 32.5–67.4 Pb, 0.578–0.765 Tl and 99–189 Zn mg kg−1 dry weight (d.w.). In all samples Cd, Pb and Zn soil concentrations were below the Vietnamese Guideline Values (TCVN 7209-2002)
for agricultural soils whereas As and Cu exceeded the guideline values. Maximum site element concentrations in water spinach
were 0.139 As, 0.032 Cd, 0.135 Cr, 2.01 Cu, 39.1 Fe, 57.3 Mn, 0.16 Ni, 0.189 Pb and 6.01 Zn mg kg−1 fresh weight (f.w.). The site and soil content of organic carbon were found to have high influence on the water spinach element
concentrations whereas soil pH and the total soil element concentrations were of less importance. The estimated average daily
intake of As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn for adult Vietnamese consumers amounts to <11% of the maximum tolerable intake proposed
by FAO/WHO for each element. It is assessed that the occurrence of the investigated elements in water spinach will pose low
health risk for the consumers. 相似文献
19.
In a comprehensive program of environmental radioactivity survey in South Caspian region,137Cs inventories in soil has been measured at more than 50 sites in the Iranian northern province of Guilan. This has been the
first wide-range survey of soil radionuclide inventories in the narrow band sensitive ecosystem of south Caspian shore. Radioactivity
measurements were carried out using HPGe gamma-spectrometry system. The activity concentration of 137Cs in surface soil exhibits a mean value of 17.6 ± 9.4 Bq kg−1, with a range of 2.3–41.7 Bq kg−1. In many sites, split-level sampling method has been applied down to a depth of 20 cm. There were found generally two profiles.
Most profiles exhibit a negative exponential distribution, while others revealed a clear subsurface peak in 5–10-cm layer.
Cesium deposition in the study area has been estimated to be in the range of 0.38–2.9 kBq m−2 with a mean value of 1.7 kBq m−2. Distribution patterns of 137Cs concentration levels and deposition values have been estimated using Kriging interpolation method. Observed hotspots in
deposition pattern coincide with areas of higher precipitation. 相似文献
20.
When agricultural lands are no longer used for agriculture and allowed to recover its natural vegetation, soil organic carbon
can accumulate in the soil. Measurements of soil organic carbon and aggregate stability changes under various forms of land
use are needed for the development of sustainable systems. Therefore, comparison of soil samples taken from both agricultural
and nearby area close to land-mined fields where no agricultural practices have been done since 1956 can be a good approach
to evaluate the effects of tillage and agriculture on soil quality. The objective of this study was to compare tillage, cropping
and no tillage effects on some soil-quality parameters. Four different locations along the Turkey–Syria border were selected
to determine effects of tillage and cropping on soil quality. Each location was evaluated separately because of different
soil type and treatments. Comparisons were made between non-tilled and non-cropped fallow since 1956 and adjacent restricted
lands that were tilled about every 2 years but not planted (T) or adjacent lands tilled and planted with wheat and lentil
(P). Three samples were taken from the depths of 0–20 and 20–40 cm each site. Soil organic carbon (SOC), pH ,electrical conductivity,
water soluble Ca++, Mg++, CO3-2{\rm CO}_{3}^{-2} and HCO3-{\rm HCO}_{3}^{-}, extractable potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+), soil texture, ammonium (NH4+{\rm NH}_{4}^{+}–N) and nitrate (NO3–N), extractable phosphorous and soil aggregate stability were determined. While the SOC contents of continuous tillage without
cropping and continuous tillage and cropping were 2.2 and 11.6 g kg−1, respectively, it was 30 g kg−1 in non-tilled and non-planted site. Tillage of soil without the input of any plant material resulted in loss of carbon from
the soil in all sites. Soil extractable NO3−N contents of non-tilled and non-cropped sites were greatest among all treatments. Agricultural practices increased phosphorus
and potassium contents in the soil profile. P2O5 contents of planted soils were approximately 20 to 39 times greater than those of non-tilled and non-cropped soils at different
sites. FTIR spectra showed that never tilled sites had greater phenol, carboxylic acid, amide, aromatic compounds, polysaccharide
and carbohydrates than other treatments. 相似文献