如何在小学语文教学中进行环境教育

在小学语文教学中渗透环境教育,有着丰富而广泛的教育资源。以苏 教版教材为例,中高年级课本中就有几十篇课文直接或间接地涉及到环保 主题。正面揭示的有:《走,我们去植树》、《沙漠中的绿洲》、《访问环保 专家方博士》、《海洋--21世纪的希望》等;反思的有:《特殊的葬礼》、 《天鹅的故事》、《狼和鹿》、《生命桥》等;有些课文虽然不是严格意义上 的环保主题,但也蕴含了很多环保方面的因素,如:《鸟语》、《美丽的丹 顶鹤》、《珍珠鸟》、《游天然动物园》等。除了这些"课本资源"外,无处 不在的社会资源和生活资源,以及课堂上经常出现的"生成资源"也为我 们进行环境教育提供了丰富的素材。那么,在小学语文教学中,如何进行 环境教育呢?我的基本策略是:     

管窥语文学科中渗透环境教育的『三性』

现行语文教材中环境教育因素俯拾即是，有歌颂祖国秀丽山川的篇目，如《林海》、《桂林山水》、《草原》、《五彩池》等；有记叙人类关爱自然、与动物为友的生动故事，像《琪琪的心事》、《天鹅嫂》、《鹌鹑》等；还有一些科普文章，如《只有一个地球》、《灰尘的旅行》、《蛇与庄稼》等，是启迪学生心灵，对学生进行环境教育的有效载体。面对如此丰富的环境教育资源，语文教师要做到传授知识与环境教育有机结合，使学生在学习运用祖国语言文字的同时，丰富环境知识、增强环保意识、提高环保技能，可注重以下三性：紧密性：指语文学习与环境…     

胡淼:还原《诗经》里的原生态

"关关雎鸠,在河之洲。窈窕淑女,君子好逑。"其中的"雎鸠"历来被学者注家解释为鱼鹰,但有位老人认为鱼鹰不在河洲地区生活,亦非会唱歌的"歌手",故"雎鸠"应该是东方大苇莺。发表这番独特见解的传奇人物是个农学专家,他在70多岁高龄时完成了62万字的《〈诗经〉的科学解读》,以农学专家的独特视角,对《诗经》里提到的动植物进行了百科全书般的归纳和总结,并提出了许多独到的见解。     

迎接绿色奥运 共建环境友好

1972年6月5日在瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩召开《联合国人类环境会议》,会议通过了《人类环境宣言》,并提出将每年的6月5日定为“世界环境日”。同年10月,第27届联合国大会通过决议接受了该建议。世界环境日的确立,反映了世界各国人民对环境问题的认识和态度,表达了我们人类对美好环境的向往和追求。     

解决环境问题的出路--人类要学会利用废弃物

自然环境是人类赖以生存的物质基础，它为人类的生存提供了一切条件。而人类为了更加美好地生存,在不断适应环境的同时，还在不断地改造着环境。随着地球人口的迅速增长和经济社会的飞速发展，由此而带来的环境问题也变得越来越突出了。所谓环境问题指的是由于人类不合理开发和利用自然资源而造成的生态环境的破坏，以及工农业生产发展和人类生活所造成的环境污染。目前我们面临的环境问题已经到了非解决不可的时候了。环境问题是自从地球有了人类以后才逐渐出现的问题。在人类社会出现以前，地球上的生物在适宜的环境下生长、繁衍、进化。…     

国内十大环保新闻

纵观2006年，《环境教育》不揣冒昧，首次尝试从环境教育的角度，为您盘点国内2006年10大环境新闻。在这里，我们共同期待着在不远的将来这些行为会为改变目前环境污染尴尬的局面，呼唤起更多的人们加入到爱护环境保护我们的家园的队伍之中。未来．我们还将一如既往关注大自然给与人类的馈赠．更关注人类为自身环境所作的一切努力!     

就《黑龙江省人民政府关于开展全民环境教育工作的决定》--访黑龙江省环境保护局局长李维祥

环境教育由部门行为上升为政府行为记者：李局长，您好！黑龙江省的环境教育工作在全国一直比较突出，特别是近年来开展了一系列行之有效的工作，使公众的环境意识有了很大提高，全民环境教育迈上了新台阶。这次省政府做出《决定》，把环境教育由部门行为上升为政府行为，可以说这项工作更加如虎添翼，那么你们是出于怎样的目的来考虑的？李维祥：我们省对环境教育工作历来非常重视，而且取得了一定的效果。比如说绿色学校创建工作，从1998年开始到现在已经6年了，我们克服了重重困难，坚持不懈抓下来，目前已经形成了覆盖全省、不同层次的…     

卷首语

时间过得真快，转眼已是4月中旬．刚刚编完了《环境教育》学生版．又要着手编辑《环境教育》教师版。《环境教育》因为有了单月与双月的变化．而显得更加丰富多彩了。我们的理念是：将《环境教育》做成一本真正适合中国近60万中小学校、数千万教师、两亿多学生(及环保宣传人士)使用的环保杂志。     

关于环境教育活动课的探讨

环境问题已日益困绕着人类的生产和生活 ,成为人类面临的主要问题之一。为了提高人们的环境意识 ,正确认识环境和环境问题 ,使人的行为与环境相协调 ,必须大力发展环境教育。我们普陀区经过二年来的“绿色意识与行动”课题的实践 ,已初步构建了环境教育网络 ,其中作为整体网络的主体———教育教学网络 ,已形成了“必修课渗透、选修课深化、活动课参与、隐性课内化”的环境教育课程板块。在教学实践中 ,我们深深地体会到 ,活动课更能吸引学生 ,收效更大 ,更切合环境教育的要求。为此 ,我们对环境教育活动课进行了初步的实践研究。一、环境教…     

环境教育，良师益友

编辑老师：你们好!作为一名普通的环境教育工作者,《环境教育》于我而言是一位珍贵的良师益友。她图文并茂,印制精美,版面清新雅致,给人以愉悦的阅读感受;她上连国策,下接＂地气＂,＂聚焦＂环境教育信息前沿,让＂观察＂鞭辟入里,让＂思想＂充满力量,在＂校园＂播撒新绿,让＂人文＂关怀传递芬芳。她通过关注环境教育事件新闻、研究国内外环境教育思路,分享各地环境教育实践经验,为我们创新工作思路、丰富工作内涵提供有益借鉴。     

Projected Changes in Discharge in an Agricultural Watershed in Iowa

Our improved capability to adapt to the future changes in discharge is linked to our capability to predict the magnitude or at least the direction of these changes. For the agricultural United States Midwest, too much or too little water has severe socioeconomic impacts. Here, we focus on the Raccoon River at Van Meter, Iowa, and use a statistical approach to examine projected changes in discharge. We build on statistical models using rainfall and harvested corn and soybean acreage to explain the observed discharge variability. We then use projections of these two predictors to examine the projected discharge response. Results are based on seven global climate models part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5). There is not a strong signal of change in the discharge projections under the RCP 4.5. However, the results for the RCP 8.5 point to a stronger changing signal related to larger projected increases in rainfall, resulting in increased trends, in particular, in the upper part of the discharge distribution (i.e., 60th percentile and above). Examination of two hypothetical agricultural scenarios indicates that these increasing trends could be alleviated by decreasing the extent of the agricultural production. We also discuss how the methodology presented in this study represents a viable approach to move forward with the concept of return period for engineering design and management in a nonstationary world.     

Investment in human capital in Africa

Summary The author analyses the problems currently faced by the African continent, recognises six factors which he believes are important in influencing the analysis, and argues that the only secure, renewable asset any country or continent has, is its people. He maintains that people development, rather than the classical economic forms of encouraging development, offers Africa a viable way forward. He then identifies a number of specific issues within such a strategy of investment in human capital.Brian Walker is the President of the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), and this address was given at the inaugural meeting of the International Year of Shelter for the Homeless, in London, on 18th April, 1985. A second, earlier, associated address was published inThe Environmentalist 5(3) 167–170.     

Pesticides in rain in four agricultural watersheds in the United States

Rainfall samples were collected during the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons at four agricultural locales across the USA in Maryland, Indiana, Nebraska, and California. The samples were analyzed for 21 insecticides, 18 herbicides, three fungicides, and 40 pesticide degradates. Data from all sites combined show that 7 of the 10 most frequently detected pesticides were herbicides, with atrazine (70%) and metolachlor (83%) detected at every site. Dacthal, acetochlor, simazine, alachlor, and pendimethalin were detected in more than 50% of the samples. Chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, and diazinon were the only insecticides among the 10 most frequently detected compounds. Of the remaining pesticide parent compounds, 18 were detected in fewer than 30% of the samples, and 13 were not detected. The most frequently detected degradates were deethylatrazine; the oxygen analogs (OAs) of the organophosphorus insecticides chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and malathion; and 1-napthol (degradate of carbaryl). Deethylatrazine was detected in nearly 70% of the samples collected in Maryland, Indiana, and Nebraska but was detected only once in California. The OAs of chlorpyrifos and diazinon were detected primarily in California. Degradates of the acetanilide herbicides were rarely detected in rain, indicating that they are not formed in the atmosphere or readily volatilized from soils. Herbicides accounted for 91 to 98% of the total pesticide mass deposited by rain except in California, where insecticides accounted for 61% in 2004. The mass of pesticides deposited by rainfall was estimated to be less than 2% of the total applied in these agricultural areas.     

Environmental assessment in countries in transition: evolution in a changing context

Over the last fifteen years, Environmental Assessment systems of transitional societies of Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia have undergone dramatic change from appraisals integrated into centrally planned economies to formal procedures aimed to ensure interdisciplinary analysis of environmental impacts and linked to publicly accountable decision-making. In most Central European nations, EA systems have been radically reformed to approximate the procedures used in developed countries, particularly in the European Union. In contrast, EA in most of the former Soviet republics has been reformed more gradually and is still based on the so-called State Environmental Review procedure inherited from the USSR and substantially different from 'Western' EA. About one-third of the transitional countries (in the Balkans, the Caucasus and Central Asia) have, so far, failed to establish functioning EA systems. Throughout the region, there has been a gap between EA legislation and practice, especially concerning interdisciplinary analysis of environmental impacts, public participation, and utilisation of EA findings in decision-making. A key driving force in the reform of EA systems has been the change in their societal context, the so-called 'process of transition'. Three main policy agendas--environmental protection, reforms of decision-making, and conforming to international requirements--along with the institutional context of EA regulations and practice have influenced both the change of EA systems over time and the regional variations in the patterns of their evolution. This study suggests that an effective reform of an EA system should be context-sensitive, or be 'in gear' with the political and economic transition. Future EA research should consider their changing societal contexts and focused on practical effects of applying EA procedures.     

电催化氧化处理难降解废水技术研究进展

电催化氧化处理难降解废水技术已得到了广泛关注.本文从电极材料与应用,电极结构及反应器形状,以及与其它处理方法联用等综述了最新研究进展,并在此基础上总结出了电催化氧化技术今后的发展方向.     

Community-company relations in gold mining in Ghana

As a result of Structural Adjustment Programme from the 1980s, many developing countries have experienced an increase in resource extraction activities by international and transnational corporations. The work reported here examines the perceived impacts of gold mining at the community level in the Wassa West District of Ghana, Africa and discusses those perceived impacts in the context of globalization processes and growing multinational corporate interest in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Interview data compared community members' perceptions with those of company representatives in three communities. The results indicate that communities held companies responsible for a series of economic, social, and environmental changes. While recognizing some of the benefits brought by the mines, communities felt that the companies did not live up to their responsibility to support local development. Companies responded by denying, dismissing concerns, or shifting blame. Findings from this work show that lack of engagement and action by government agencies at all levels resulted in companies acting in a surrogate governmental capacity. In such situations, managing expectations is key to community-company relations.     

Private participation in isolated grids in Mozambique

This article presents a case study from Mozambique of the electrification of two selected towns under a World Bank financed project. Low-cost electricity services were extended to the two isolated areas after an enabling framework had been created for private sector participation. The World Bank project also demonstrates that the private sector can be attracted to participate in rural electrification schemes even in a poor country. The example shown in this article is one of the few of its kind in SubSaharan Africa.     

我国城市生态评价研究进展

城市建设带来了越来越多的生态环境问题,生态城市建设是解决这些问题的良好途径。生态城市的建设要有一定的评价体系作为支撑,本文综述了国内基于AHP方法建立的应用较为广泛的城市生态评价体系和方法,并对国内城市生态评价的现状做了分析。     

Sustainability Appraisal in neighbourhood planning in England

The preparation of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) inclusive sustainability appraisals (SAs) for neighbourhood plans (NPs) in England may be required when significant environmental effects are expected to arise from an NP. In this paper, we report on the result of a Ph.D. project, conducted between 2012 and 2015, in which all 15 NP SEA inclusive SAs that had been completed at the time were evaluated. In this context, the quality of SA practice was found to differ substantially. SAs were prepared either ‘in-house’ (i.e. by neighbourhood planning steering groups) or by consultants. The quality of SAs was found to be associated with their overall perceived degree of influence on the underlying NPs. Whilst the focus of this paper is on practice in England, findings are expected to be of interest to a wider international audience, in particular to those experimenting with voluntary neighbourhood/local level plan SA/SEA.