工业污废水处理用防腐蚀材料及结构

较详细地介绍了常见的工业污废水砼处理池的防腐蚀技术、防腐蚀材料、结构及施工要点，为腐蚀性工业污废水的处理提供一种可行的防腐途径。     

脱硫废水生化处理初探

火电厂烟气脱硫过程产生的废水中污染物主要包括悬浮物、过饱和的亚硫酸盐、硫酸盐以及重金属等,燃煤电厂烟气系统增设脱硝装置后,进入脱硫废水的氨氮、总氮含量急剧增加。通过对国内外多个电厂的脱硫废水处理系统运行情况的调研及分析,采用厌氧氨氧化工艺作为废水脱氮方式是可行的。     

马头电厂废水处理系统介绍

介绍了河北马头电厂废水处理工艺系统流程、设计及系统调试运行指标。处理后的电厂废水作为循环冷却水的补水,减少了新鲜水用量和污水排放量，对北方地区厂区废水回收利用具有借鉴意义，在火电厂废水资源利用方面有很好的应用前景。     

Immobilized microbe bioreactors for waste water treatment

The application of adapted microbial populations immobilized on a porous diatomaceous earth carrier to pre-treat and reduce toxic concentration of volatile organics, pesticides, petroleum aliphatics and aromatics has been demonstrated for several industrial sites. In the pre-treatment of industrial effluents and contaminated ground-waters, these bioreactors have been used to optimize and reduce the cost of conventional treatment systems, i.e. steam stripping, carbon adsorption and traditional biotreatment. Additionally, these systems have been employed as seeding devices for larger biotreatment systems. The cost effective utilization of an immobilized microbe reactor system for water supply regeneration in a microgravity environment is presented. The feasibility of using immobilized biomass reactors as an effluent treatment technology for the biotransformation and biodegradation of phenols, chlorinated halocarbons, residual oils and lubricants was evaluated. Primary biotransformation tests of two benchmark toxicants, phenol and ethylene dichloride at concentrations expected in life support effluents were conducted. Biocatalyst supports were evaluated for colonization potential, surface and structural integrity, and performance in continuous flow bioreactors. The implementation of such approaches in space will be outlined and specific areas for interfacing with other non-biological treatment approaches will be considered for advanced life support, tertiary waste water biotreatment.     

纳米材料在水处理中的应用

从纳米光催化氧化技术、纳米膜过滤技术和纳米吸附材料等三方面分别介绍了纳米技术在水处理方面的研究和应用情况.     

废旧电子线路板资源再生处理技术

介绍了目前废旧电子线路板资源回收处理现状、方法及检测技术,并提出正确回收处理废旧电子线路板的方法及对未来的展望。     

太阳能晶硅片切割废液资源化回收处理工艺研究

采用纯物理法,通过固液分离、脱色、精滤、真空蒸馏、指标调节等工艺技术,对太阳能晶硅片切割废液进行资源化回收处理,切割废液回收得到的产品各项性能指标满足使用要求,可以再次作为太阳能晶硅片切割液使用,实现切割废液资源化循环利用,以及社会、环境和经济效益的有机统一和协调发展。     

两级过滤膜生物反应技术在中水深度处理中的应用

分析了国内外城市中水深度处理回用技术的应用现状,系统介绍了自主研发的以膜法工艺为核心的中水深度处理回用新技术——两级过滤膜生物反应技术（DF—MBR）,对其基本原理、技术优势及工程应用情况进行了介绍,工程实践及其运行效果表明,该技术具有广阔的市场应用前景和推广价值。     

Effect of aerobic pretreatment of waste on the rate of anaerobic treatment processes

The efficiency of waste degradation can be expressed by the rate of waste decomposition in individual phases. This article presents the durations of degradation phases of pretreated and untreated waste stabilized in anaerobic laboratory reactors. In this investigation, the quantities of organic and nitrogen contaminants emitted from the waste during the study are presented. The study confirmed the beneficial effects of aerobic pretreatment of waste before landfilling on reducing the duration of hydrolysis and acid phases, and speeding up the start of the stable methane phase. In the pretreated waste reactor, the stable methane phase began about 19 weeks earlier than in the untreated waste. The total amounts of contaminants removed from the aerobic pretreatment waste were lower than from untreated waste, with values of COD, TOC, BOD₅, and VFA corresponding to 21, 18, 6, and 23 %, respectively, and values of TKN and NH₄ of 7 and 50 %, respectively.     

城市生活垃圾处理现状、趋势及对策建议

通过对垃圾处理方法的全面对比以及对国内外垃圾处理现状和趋势分析,垃圾焚烧发电必将成为中国特别是人多地少的发达地区未来垃圾处理的主要方式.为最大程度地防止二次污染、避免环境纠纷,从完善相关法规、强化环评管理和日常监督管理等方面提出垃圾焚烧及发电项目控制污染的相关对策和建议.     

电化学水处理技术的研究和应用

介绍了电化学技术的分类,总结了电化学技术在处理有机废水、重金属离子废水和氨氮废水方面的研究及应用现状,并指出了该技术在目前的应用中所存在的一些问题,探讨了今后的发展方向。     

Effect of technology development on potential environmental impacts from heavy metals in waste smartphones

Technology development has brought beneficial changes in the functions of smartphones but has the potential to impact the environment due to the high generation of waste smartphones. Thus, this study evaluates and compares environmental impact potentials from metals in waste smartphones to figure out the effect of smartphone model replacements on hazardous waste, resource depletion, and toxicity potentials. The total threshold limit concentration (TTLC) analysis is used to determine whether the waste smartphones would be classified as hazardous waste, and the life-cycle impact assessment methods are used to evaluate resource depletion, cancer, non-cancer, and ecotoxicity potentials. The TTLC results showed that the smartphone technology development did not reduce hazardous waste potentials. The life-cycle impact assessment results showed that the technology development overall reduced resource depletion potential but increased toxicity potential. In addition, priority metals contributing to the potentials were identified to effectively manage their environmental impacts. This study can provide fundamental information for smartphone manufacturers, waste smartphone recyclers and disposers, and e-waste policymakers to circulate resources and to prevent environmental pollutions from hazardous and toxic materials.     

表面活性剂的筛选与废纸脱墨剂配方的优化

以ONP/OMG混合废纸为脱墨对象,研究了常见的几种表面活性剂的脱墨效果,确定了在碱性条件下OP-10与FMEE单独脱墨时表现出较好的脱墨性能,并讨论了油酸钠作为油墨捕集剂以及尼诺尔6501作为泡沫稳定剂对脱墨效果的影响,最终确定了OP-10、FMEE、油酸钠与6501在45∶45∶5∶5的配比下具有最佳的协同增效作用,以该比例获得脱墨剂具有综合的乳化、分散、捕集、泡沫稳定性特点,适用于纸浆的浮选脱墨工艺.     

Studies on the dechlorination and oil-production technology of waste plastics

 Recycle technology for waste plastics containing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has been developed in the Hokkaido National Industrial Research Institute for the production of solid and liquid fuel, and has established a recycling process which includes a dechlorination process for PVC plastics, and a two-stage catalytic pyrolysis process for plastics using zeolite catalysts. The dechlorination equipment consists of a two-axis screw extruder with a heating element, which can remove chlorine up to 99.9 wt. % from PVC containing plastics as hydrogen chloride. The product had about 44 000 kJ/kg calorific value and was fed into the next oil production process, although it could also be used as a solid fuel. Natural and synthetic zeolite were used as catalysts for the two-stage catalytic process, which produced a light oil with a boiling point which was between those of kerosene and gasoline. The yield of this oil reached 82 wt. %. The chemical type was analyzed using liquid chromatography, and was found to have many aromatic compounds. These technologies make it possible to produce a nonpolluting, high-calorie solid fuel and a liquid fuel very efficiently. Received: July 19, 2000 / Accepted: September 21, 2000     

Recovery of municipal waste incineration bottom ash and water treatment sludge to water permeable pavement materials

Water treatment plant sludge and municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash are non-hazardous residues, and they can be reprocessed to produce useful materials for city public works. In this study, an effort was endeavored to investigate the properties of water permeable bricks made of water treatment sludge and bottom ash without involving an artificial aggregate step. The water treatment plant sludge was dried and ground, and the bottom ash was subjected to magnetic separation to remove ferrous metals. Both sludge and bottom ash were ground and sieved to a size of <2mm. Different contents of water treatment sludge (70-95% by weight) were mixed with bottom ash and the blocks were molded under a pressure of 110 kg/cm2. Thereafter, the molded blocks were sintered at temperatures of 900-1200 degrees C for 60-360 min. The compressive strength, permeability and water absorption rate of the sintered brick were examined and compared to relevant standards. The amount of bottom ash added in the mixture with water treatment sludge affects both the compressive strength and the permeability of the sintered bricks. The two effects are antonymous as higher bottom ash content will develop a beehive configuration and have more voids in the brick. It is concluded that a 20% weight content of bottom ash under a sintering condition of 1150 degrees C for 360 min can generate a brick with a compressive strength of 256 kg/cm2, a water absorption ratio of 2.78% and a permeability of 0.016 cm/s.     

微波技术在废物处理中的应用

综述了微波在废物处理中的应用,主要介绍了微波加热的机理及特点,微波在处理放射性废物、废旧电路板、污泥、医疗垃圾、废轮胎中的应用,展望了微波技术在废物处理中的应用前景.     

纳米TiO2在有机废水处理方面的研究进展

综述了光催化材料纳米TiO2的制备、光催化降解水中有机污染物的机理、动力学规律及其研究现状和发展方向。     

徐州电厂水务管理现状与设想

通过对徐州发电厂生产及生活用水的现状分析，结合企业的实际情况，论述了为实施废水零排放需要采取的节水措施及注意事项。     

浙江省火电厂废水处理系统运行现状及建议

在综合调查省内各火电厂废水处理系统运行现状的基础上，总结了各类废水处理系统的特点及其运行中存在的问题，提出了改进意见。